Spatial distribution of emissions to air - the SPREAD model

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The waste sector includes solid waste disposal on land, wastewater
treatment, cremations, incineration of carcasses, compost production, accidental
fires and N2O from human sewage. Compost production is included
in SPREAD even though it was not implemented in the 2008 reporting
for UNFCCC and CLRTAP. All waste incineration in Denmark is
included in the heat and power production at CHP plants and waste incineration
plants and the emissions are included in stationary combustion
in the energy sector.
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The inventory for solid waste disposal covers only managed disposal sites
as all solid waste disposal sites in Denmark are managed and includes
emissions of CH4. The emission calculations are based on data
from the ISAG database (InformationsSystem for Affald og Genanvendelse)
hosted by Danish EPA. ISAG holds addresses for waste treatment
companies with processing, incineration, deposition, special treatment
and/or temporary storage. The ISAG database includes CVR numbers
and addresses for the companies and waste amounts in the different
categories. The Danish waste model estimates emissions on a national
basis. The waste composition and the corresponding emission vary
widely among the waste treatment sites, but as this information is not incorporated
in the Danish waste model, the emissions are distributed
evenly on the 99 Danish landfill sites.
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Wastewater treatment occurs at 586 plants and this part of the inventory
covers emissions of CH4 and N2O. The internet site “Miljøportalen.dk”
hosts a database including addresses, flow rates and information on the
content of degradable organic matter in the inlet waste water (referred to
as BI5). The emission calculation is carried out as national total in the
wastewater emission model in the Danish emission inventory system.
Emissions are spatially distributed according to the BI5 value for each
plant.
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Cremation covers both cremation of corpses and incineration of carcasses
and includes emissions of all pollutants except CO2, which is excluded in
line with the procedure for other biomass related CO2 emissions. The
Danish Crematorium Association registers the number of cremation of
corpses at the 32 Danish crematories on an annual basis and the estimated
emission is distributed on the crematories weighted by the number
of cremations in the current year. Incineration of carcasses takes
place at three pet crematories and information on the weight of carcasses
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