Spatial distribution of emissions to air - the SPREAD model

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A component in SPREAD combines all sub-models to get a distribution
of the total Danish emissions. The pattern of the emissions depends on
the pollutant, as different sources are dominant for different pollutants.
In Figure 8.1, Figure 8.2 and Figure 8.3 the emissions of greenhouse gases
in CO2 equivalents, of NMVOC and ofPM2.5 are shown. The pattern for
emissions of greenhouse gases is more homogeneous than is the case for
NMVOC and PM2.5. The more even distribution owe to two facts. First,
agriculture is a major source of the greenhouse gases CH4 and N2O,
which both have high global warming potentials (21 and 310, respectively)
and thereby are weighted higher in CO2 equivalents than CO2.
Second, energy consumption for power and heat production and transport
are important sources of greenhouse gases emissions. Together
these circumstances contribute to allocate emissions in all parts of Denmark.
Figure 8.1 National emission of greenhouse gases in 2008.
Emissions of NMVOC are far more concentrated in urban and industrial
areas. Emissions from solvents and other product use and emissions from
industrial processes are also important sources. Furthermore a number of
point sources (LPS and PS) contribute with very large emissions.