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McAuley DB, Jannerfeldt E, Ahrenholz S. Health hazard evaluation report no. HETA 81- 187-1417. Armco Incorporated, Baltimore, Maryland. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, Report No. HETA 81 187 1417: 1984. McCue JL, Phillips RK. Cellular proliferation at sutured and sutureless colonic anastomoses. Dis Colon Rectum 1993 36 (5): 468-474. McGregor JR, Galloway DJ, Jarrett F, Brown IL, George WD. Anastomotic suture materials and experimental colorectal carcinogenesis. Dis Colon Rectum 1991 34 (11): 987-992. McIlwain JF, Neumeier LA. The generation, collection, and analysis of welding fumes. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations, U.S. Department of the Interior, RI 8793: 1983. McIlwain JF, Neumeier LA. Fumes from shielded metal arc welding electrodes. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations, U.S. Department of the Interior, RI 9105: 1987. McNall EG [Nickel alloys: strongly suspected of inducing cancer.] Rev Fr Prothese Dent 1980 249: 12-14. Mant D, Mayon-White R. Metal polishing, stomach cancer, and clearing houses. Br J Ind Med 1987 44 (6): 429. Marini F, Ferre MP, Gross H, Mantout B, Huvinen M, et al. Does welding stainless steel cause cancer? Scand J Work Environ Health 1995 21 (1): 65-68 [letter]. Marino AA, Bergern TJ, Becker RO, Spadaro JA. The effect of selected metals on marrow cells in culture. Chem Biol Interact 1974 9 (3): 217-223. Mastromatteo E. Nickel. Am Indust Hyg Ass J 1986 47 (10): 589-601. Matczak W, Chmielnicka J. Methods for determining soluble and insoluble Cr III and Cr VI compounds in welding fumes. Pol J Occup Med 1989 2 (4): 376-388. Mattsson T, Kalliomäki PL, Korhonen O, Vaaranen V. Lung contamination among workers exposed to dust with an iron component. Magnetic measurements and radiographic findings. Fifth International Pneumoconiosis Conference, 1978, Venezuela. International Labour Organization 1985; 719-731. Menné T. Nickel contact hypersensitivity. In: Nieboer E and Nriagu JO (eds) Nickel and Human Health: Current Perspectives. Adv Environ Sci Technol 25. Pub: John Wiley and Sons Inc, 1992: 193-200. Menné T. Quantitative aspects of nickel dermatitis. Sensitization and eliciting threshold concentrations. Sci Total Environ 1994 148: 275-281. Menné T, Calvin G. Concentration threshold of non-occluded nickel exposure in nickelsensitive individuals and controls with and without surfactant. Contact Derm 1993 29: 180-184. Merrit K, Brown SA. Metal sensitivity reactions to orthopedic implants. Int J Dermatol 1981 20: 89-94. 133
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MANUFACTURE, PROCESSING AND USE OF
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3.2 GRINDING OF STAINLESS STEEL ...
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Within the review, each section is
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Results from a single intra-muscula
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studies are often based on small nu
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The toxicological database for fume
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PEFR peak expiratory flow rate PSD
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Table 1.1 Identity of stainless ste
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There are several different systems
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method have been used in some of th
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grade was tested, an austenitic sta
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pick-up of nickel and chromium when
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Human data Patch-testing studies Se
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does not allow any conclusions to b
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Schriver et al. (1976) reported a c
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Other studies reviewed in this sect
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Human data on the effects of prolon
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Exposure to stainless steel powder
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Prolonged exposure Information on t
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In view of the chemical/physical pr
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Figure 2.1 Production of stainless
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Table 2.1 Manufacture of stainless
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2.3 Toxicokinetics Toxicokinetics i
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survey, there was no evidence of an
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The "exposure" variable used by the
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Table 2.2 Epidemiological studies o
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Consideration against classificatio
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3 STAINLESS STEEL PROCESSING This s
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Arc voltage or arc length Arc volta
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3.1.2 Information on exposure Weldi
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Reference Akesson & Skerfving (1985
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Table 3.2 Elemental composition of
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These levels decreased, although ch
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treatment group and no effects were
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esponses in terms of irritancy, fib
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MMA/SS) at approximately 400 mg/m 3
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Exposure measure 60 Welders a (n=52
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was relatively heterogeneous. No de
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used included respiratory symptoms,
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Keskinen et al. (1980) reported on
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Positive results were reported with
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Welding method Electrode Base metal
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A significant increase in chromatid
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treated with MIG/SS fume. One lung
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The mortality experiences of the tw
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Moulin et al. 1993b Mortality was s
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Moulin 1997 A meta-analysis involvi
Page 95 and 96: Table 3.3. Epidemiological studies
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Page 99 and 100: Bonde et al. (1990) investigated fe
Page 101 and 102: out stainless steel welding in the
Page 103 and 104: contact. The available human data p
Page 105 and 106: Effects on reproduction No studies
Page 107 and 108: Table 3.4 Grinding of stainless ste
Page 109 and 110: Reference Process Work piece materi
Page 111 and 112: No deaths occurred in any treatment
Page 113 and 114: Human data No studies are available
Page 115 and 116: mg of dust per animal. In another t
Page 117 and 118: (Observed 8, Expected 4.7, SMR 170,
Page 119 and 120: Table 3.5 Epidemiological studies o
Page 121 and 122: Carcinogenicity The carcinogenicity
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Page 125 and 126: 112 APPENDIX 1 22.7.94 Official Jou
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Page 129 and 130: Escales F, Galante J, Rostoker W. B
Page 131 and 132: IARC. Monographs on the evaluation
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Page 139 and 140: Bondemark L, Kurol J, Wennberg A. O
Page 141 and 142: Furon D, Hilderbrand HF. Research i
Page 143 and 144: Hooftman RN, Arkesteyn CW, Roza P.
Page 145: Koshi K, Yagami T. Chromosomes of c
Page 149 and 150: Pereira ML. Studies on the permeabi
Page 151 and 152: Stern RM . Detecting a possible inc
Page 153 and 154: Toyoshima M, Sato A, Taniguchi M, I
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