Transmission Expansion Planning in Deregulated Power ... - tuprints

Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Motivations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 esearch Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Thesis Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Transmission Expansion Planning Approaches 3
2.1 Literature Survey: State of the art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.1 Non-deterministic Transmission Expansion Planning Approaches . . . . . 5
2.1.1.1 Probabilistic Load Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.1.2 Probabilistic Based Reliability Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.1.3 Scenario Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.1.4 Decision Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.1.5 Fuzzy Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.2 Transmission Expansion Planning Approaches for Deregulated
Power Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.1.2.1 Objectives of Transmission Expansion Planning
in Deregulated Power Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.1.2.2 Uncertainties and Vagueness in Deregulated Power Systems . . 11
2.2 Problem Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3 Probabilistic Locational Marginal Prices 15
3.1 Locational Marginal Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.1.1 Bidding Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.1.2 Mathematical Model for Computing Locational Marginal Prices . . . . . 17
3.1.2.1 Optimal Power Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.1.2.2 Shadow Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Probabilistic Locational Marginal Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.2.1 Why Probability Density Functions of Locational Marginal Prices? . . . . 20
3.2.2 Probabilistic Optimal Power Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.2.2.1 Determining the Probability Density Functions of Random Inputs 21
3.2.2.2 Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.2.2.3 Solving the Optimal Power Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2.2.4 Estimating the Probability Density Functions of Output Variables 23
3.2.3 Algorithm of Computing Probability Density Functions of
Locational Marginal Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.3 Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4 Market Based Criteria 31
4.1 Requirements of Competitive Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.2 Market Based Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32