Rob Small's Masters Thesis: Uptake and the success of insect ...

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utterfly. He believes the price for O. goliath should be set at half the retail price or Gumi itself should be allowed to sell direct to overseas customers as he sees this as a way to gain a better income from the butterfly. In the eleven years since IFTA first sold O. goliath on the world market there has been a gradual decline in sales as the marketplace has become saturated. This process of boom and bust has occurred with all the birdwing butterflies that have been put onto the market by IFTA. IFTA is not overly concerned with the cessation of butterfly farming in Gumi (pers. comm. Catherine Aisi) as they have a large stock of O. goliath. Sales of the species have been very slow as the world market appears to be saturated and they are unable to compete with the low priced O. goliath specimens that are coming out of West Papua. This case study exemplifies the delicate nature of the butterfly market and the profound impact that it can have in rural livelihoods. Overall the outlook for butterfly farming in Gumi is not good and due to poor relations between village members it is more than likely that the farming of O. goliath will cease all together. This case study makes it apparent that more planning, fore-thought and the use of experts other than biologists and entomologists is required for future initiation of other farming projects by IFTA. 76
Case Study 4 – Wau Butterfly Farmers The forth and final case study is that of butterfly farming in an urban centre where this activity is used as an supplementary income to a fortnightly wage. The town of Wau is situated an hours drive to the south of Bulolo in Morobe province. On the outskirts of the town is the Wau Coffee Plantation and it is five workers from here who have taken up the faming of O. priamus and O. goliath in order to earn an additional income on top of what they receive from the coffee plantation. The five farmers, Nafau Lucas, Tonny Yamti, Giamalu Wapi, Yeno Ayum & Robert Banabas (see photograph 17), began farming after receiving training in butterfly farming from the manager of the Wau Ecology Institute’s insect farm, Mike Hudson. The plantation workers have made use of their private gardens to set up their butterfly farms. A block of protected forest close to their homes, owned by the Wau Ecology Institute, acts as a source of butterflies. They mostly farm O. priamus for which they receive 5 Kina per specimen. They are also able to farm a much smaller number of O. goliath which is worth 10 Kina per specimen. The amount that these farmers earn through this enterprise is relatively low, on average they receive 300 Kina per annum. Yet, as this is only an additional income they believe that it is more than worth their while. Butterfly farming is a relatively easy task for them compared with their day job at the plantation. Only one of the five farmers has assistance from his family in rearing the butterflies. 77
Page 2 and 3:
Declaration of Originality I hereby
Page 4 and 5:
Contents DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY
Page 6 and 7:
Discussion 56 CHAPTER 5 67 CASE STU
Page 8 and 9:
List of Tables Table 1 Average per
Page 10 and 11:
Introduction The collection of butt
Page 13 and 14:
Chapter 1 Post Independent Papua Ne
Page 15 and 16:
During WWII there was conflict both
Page 17 and 18:
initially began due to the impact t
Page 19 and 20:
the ‘development’ that they sho
Page 21:
Due to PNG’s dependence on natura
Page 25 and 26: By the 19 th century ideas about na
Page 27 and 28: national park policies for their di
Page 29 and 30: Sustainable Use of Wild Populations
Page 31 and 32: Conservation in the context of expl
Page 33 and 34: • Planning large-scale developmen
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 3 Butterfly Collection and
Page 37 and 38: (Flannery, 1995b). These facts and
Page 39 and 40: Insect Trade in Papua New Guinea Th
Page 41 and 42: Borch was employed as an agricultur
Page 43 and 44: that IFTA initially enjoyed. The co
Page 45: highly sought after butterflies. Wh
Page 52 and 53: presentation of a series of case st
Page 54 and 55: Annual Provincial Earnings Fig.4 sh
Page 56 and 57: Discussion The results that have be
Page 58 and 59: How long do individuals work as far
Page 60 and 61: Map 4. Insect Farming and Collectin
Page 62 and 63: 140000 120000 100000 Income (Kina)
Page 64 and 65: Income (Kina) 1600 1400 1200 1000 8
Page 66 and 67: 450 400 Number of Collecotrs and Fa
Page 68 and 69: This case is based on Ken Kube (see
Page 70 and 71: Ken’s income from butterfly colle
Page 72 and 73: approximately 100 tourists per year
Page 74 and 75: delicate world market in Papua New
Page 78 and 79: The supplementary income represents
Page 81: 7000 6000 5000 Income (Kina) 4000 3
Page 84 and 85: Addressing the first area of influe
Page 86 and 87: Further research and assistance for
Page 88 and 89: Clark, P.B. (1993) Unpublished Lett
Page 90 and 91: (UNCED) Seminar for Sustainable Dev
Page 92 and 93: Martens, H. (1992) Der Schmetterlin
Page 94 and 95: Rodgers, W.A., Nabanyumya, R., Mupa
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