Laboratory Manual - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Laboratory Manual - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Laboratory Manual - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
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KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALS<br />
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING<br />
Electronic Circuits II – EE303<br />
Experiment # 7<br />
Second-order active filters<br />
OBJECTIVE<br />
1. To design several second-order filters.<br />
2. To measure the characteristics <strong>of</strong> these filters.<br />
3. To see the high frequency limitation due to op amp limited b<strong>and</strong>width.<br />
Low-Pass Filter Realization<br />
BACKGROUND<br />
One famous realization <strong>of</strong> LPF biquad is the Sallen-Key as shown in Figure 1.<br />
C 1<br />
v s<br />
R 2<br />
3<br />
2<br />
-<br />
+<br />
+Vcc<br />
7<br />
741<br />
4<br />
-Vcc<br />
6<br />
R 3<br />
v o<br />
R 1<br />
C2<br />
R 4<br />
Figure 1 Sallen-Key lowpass filter<br />
Vo<br />
K<br />
TLP<br />
() s <br />
v<br />
2<br />
Vs<br />
s s( C1R 1<br />
C2R1 C2R2 C1R1 K) /( C1C 2R1R 2) 1/( C1C 2R1R<br />
2)<br />
Where K=(1+R 3 /R 4 ).<br />
s<br />
58
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