Laboratory Manual - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

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KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALS DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Electronic Circuits II – EE303 Experiment # 10 Operational amplifier based signal generators OBJECTIVE 1. To study how to generate various signal types. 2. To understand the operation of comparator based circuit. 3. To design a square wave generator. 4. Integrate previous lab. Experience to build a mini-system. 5. To test your understanding. Comparator: BACKGROUND The simplest way to implement a comparator is to use the op amp in open loop configuration as shown in Figure 1. For input V s >V REF , output saturates at V CC while for V s
V i 2 3 +15V 7 - 741 + 6 4 -15V R 1 R 2 V o Figure 2: Schmitt Trigger circuit Before applying Vi, the output will be either at the positive (L + ) or negative (L - ) rated output of the op amp. Assuming the output starts at L + , this means v+=V TH = βL + with β=R 1 /(R 1 +R 2 ) . The output will remain at this value (L + ) until the input exceeds V TH where the differential input of the op amp becomes negative. Thus the output will change to L - . Similarly, if the output starts at L -, the output will stay there unless the input becomes less than V TL = βL - where the differential input of the op amp becomes positive and the output will switch to L + . Square wave generation A simple circuit capable of generating square wave oscillation utilizing Schmitt Trigger is shown in Figure 3. R C 2 3 +15V 7 - 741 + 6 4 -15V R 1 R 2 V out Figure 3: A simple square wave generator circuit For R 1 =R 2 , the frequency of oscillation will be approximately 1/(2.2RC) Generating other wave forms from square wave: A square wave signal can be changed to triangle wave simply by integration. Also, a simple way to produce sin wave from a triangle wave is to use a lowpass filter. As you know a triangle wave can be expressed in terms of infinite some of sinusoidal components. Filtering all components except the fundamental will result in sin wave output. A general signal generation circuit capable of producing square, triangle and sin waves is shown in Figure 4. 77
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King Fahd University of Petroleum a
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4. You can use upper or lower case
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Detailed model parameters are provi
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‣ Run the program Once you are in
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|Av(jω)| [dB] A m F L (jω) F H (j
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Spice Transistor Model .model Q2N39
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TABLE 2: DETAILED BJT MODEL PARAMET
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KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM A
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SPICE Simulation: SPICE simulations
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Table I: Measurement results With C
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This page to be submitted with the
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where R R 1 // R 2 // r and ' in B
Page 25 and 26: 4. Use three parastic capacitances
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Page 29 and 30: 1 The output voltage in time domain
Page 31 and 32: 10k Differentiator 1500pF 2 3 7 - 7
Page 33 and 34: A SUBCIRCUIT may be called as follo
Page 35 and 36: 35 6. Construct the differentiator
Page 37 and 38: MINI-SYSTEM Now, you should be appl
Page 39 and 40: vo ( s) R2 / R1 v ( ) s i s 1 R w
Page 41 and 42: DL1 4 5 DIODE DL2 6 4 DIODE VL1 5 0
Page 43 and 44: DEMONSTRATION: NETWORK ANALYZER The
Page 45 and 46: R 1 2 3 7 - 741 + +15V 4 -15V 6 V o
Page 47 and 48: considering the op amp connected as
Page 49 and 50: frequency at, say 1kHz, then the ou
Page 53 and 54: General (bilinear) filter a s a Ts
Page 59 and 60: The filter parameters are as follow
Page 61 and 62: SPICE simulation: 3. Use SPICE simu
Page 65 and 66: +V DD =5V 100k R 2 R D 4.3k C 2 R s
Page 67 and 68: You must have your SPICE output fil
Page 71 and 72: Amplitude Controll Althogh the freq
Page 73 and 74: 73 COMPONENTS 1. Digital Oscillosco
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Page 79 and 80: 4. Capacitors: C=0.1μF (2 NOs), 15
Page 81 and 82: APPENDIX 1. Capacitors and Resistor
Page 83: 83 2. Data sheet for MOSFET # 2N435
Page 87: 87 4. Data sheet for op amp 741.
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Laboratory Manual - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

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