34 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS 4.1 Lichen diversity Epiphytic lichens ...

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41 Cladonia sp. Figure 4.6 Cladonia sp., scale bar = 5 mm Family COLLLEMATACEAE COLLEMA Weber ex Wigg. Thallus foliose, swelling when wet, upper surface brown-black, rarely greyblue. Photobiont blue-green algae; Nostoc. Upper and Lower cortex absent, Rhizines present. Isidia frequent, soredia absent. Hymenium colourless, I+ blue. Ascocarps apothecia, with a pale-brown, red-brown and brown-black disc. Ascospores transversely septate to muriform. Collema sp.1 Figure 4.7 Collema sp., scale bar = 5 mm
42 LEPTOGIUM (Ach.) Gray Thallus foliose, gelatinous, blue-grey to brown or blackish, not layer in section. Photobiont blue-green algae: Nostoc. Upper cortex smooth to wrinkled or gidged, rarely arachnoid. Lower cortex smooth, arachnoid or hairy, or group of white rhizines. Isidia present. Ascocarp apothecia, sessile, mainly laminal, disc concave to flat. Hymenium colourless, I+ blue. Aci 4-8-spored, clavate. Ascospores ellipsoid, ovoid or fusiform, septate, colourless, submuriform to muriform. Leptogium sp.1 Leptogium sp.2 Figure 4.8 Leptogium spp., scale bar = 5 mm Family CROCYNIACEAE CROCYNIA Nyl. Thallus squamulose, densely matted hyphae, often a felt-like, hypothallus, with raised tips 0.5-2 mm long, without cortex. Photobiont green algae. Ascocarps apothecia, without thalline margin, disc-like, sessile, usually grey to black. Hymenium exposed. Asci 3-8 spored. Ascospores colourless, without septa.
Page 1 and 2: 34 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS 4.1 Lichen div
Page 3 and 4: 36 Table 4.1 Lichen families and ge
Page 5 and 6: 38 CRYPTOTHECIA Massal. Thallus cru
Page 7: 40 Family CHRYSOTRICHAECE CHRYSOTHR
Page 11 and 12: 44 Family LAURERACEAE LAURERA Reich
Page 13 and 14: 46 Family LECIDEACEAE MALCOLMIELLA
Page 15 and 16: 48 Lobaria sp.1 Figure 4.16 Lobaria
Page 17 and 18: 50 Nephoma helveticum Figure 4.19 N
Page 19 and 20: 52 CANOMACULINA Elix & Hale Thallus
Page 21 and 22: 54 HYPOTRACHYNA (Vinio) Hale. Thall
Page 23 and 24: 56 PARMOTREMA A. Massal. Thallus fo
Page 25 and 26: 58 RELICINOPSIS Elix & Verdon Thall
Page 27 and 28: 60 Pertusaria sp.1 Pertusaria sp.2
Page 29 and 30: 62 Dirinaria sp.1 Figure 4.38 Dirin
Page 31 and 32: 64 Pyxine sp.1 Pyxine sp.2 Figure 4
Page 33 and 34: 66 Byssoloma sp.1 Byssoloma sp.2 By
Page 35 and 36: 68 Pyrenula sp.1 Pyrenula sp.2 Pyre
Page 37 and 38: 70 Cresponea sp.1 Cresponea sp.2 Fi
Page 39 and 40: 72 CHAPSA A. Massal. Thallus crusto
Page 41 and 42: 74 OCELLULARIA Meyer Thallus crusto
Page 43 and 44: 76 Family TRICHOTHELISCEAE PORINA M
Page 45 and 46: 78 4.1.1 Types of lichen found in t
Page 47 and 48: 80 Table 4.2 List of total lichen g
Page 53 and 54: 86 Table 4.3 Tree names and bark pH
Page 59 and 60:
92 Table 4.7 Tree names and bark pH
Page 61 and 62:
94 Table 4.8 Selected trees in all
Page 63 and 64:
96 4.3 Environmental factors in stu
Page 65 and 66:
98 Table 4.11 List of tree species
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Page 71 and 72:
104 Height (m) 30 3° 0 10 20 30 40
Page 73 and 74:
106 Height (m) 30 0 10 20 30 40 Dis
Page 75 and 76:
108 Height (m) 30 5° 0 10 20 30 40
Page 77:
110 No. of species 70 60 50 40 30 2
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34 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS 4.1 Lichen diversity Epiphytic lichens ...

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