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dated as having taken place in 1741-42. Although the name 'Benda war' (so called because the Mfantse soldiers were paid the value of one Benda, or £7.4s, for their participation) do~snota)J)Jf!ar in officil!l historiogra)Jhy, tlle9ral1.lccount is s_u)J)lorted by cl0ctimentary sources which indicate that the Asanteinvaded the Akyem territories in 1742 (see Claridge 1915: 210- 2ll; Wilks 1975: 24). 13 . Apart from Chief J.E. Biney, the committee of arbitrators consisted of: Chief J.D. Abraham, ChiefW.Z. Coker, W.S. Johnston, James Jackson, George Amissah, Father J.P. Brown, J.M. Kitson and H.M. Insaidoo. 14. There is ample proof that all those desiring to acquire a plot of Asukwa land, including chiefs as well as governmental bodies, had no objection to negotiating with Nana Quansah and entering into an agreement with him. The late Odikro, Nana Budukama II, alias Yaw Fohr, signed agreements with N ana Quansah on behalf of the community: in 1956 for building a new market; in 1960 for a Community Centre; in 1965 for the building of a latrine. And when, in 1968, he erected a water reservoir on Nana Quansah' s land without having obtained permission, he was sued in the Omanhene's court and fined by Nana Otu IX to the payment of hyerogudzi, a pacification fee. This is a course of action which the present Omanhene is not likely to follow. I 5 . The difference between categories 3 and 4 is not only that they classify Stool lands within and without the Dunkwa territory but that, accordingly, their status as Stool lands had been brought about by different processes. I 6 . According to oral history, of which we have collected several independent accounts, the asafo companies from other wards also became founders of independent Mfantse States, i.e.: the Bentsir bron: Enyan Abasa; the Nkusukum bron: Nkusukum; the Edumadze bron: Ekumfi; the Kurentsi bron: Mankesim (consisting of two companies, the 1\vafo and the Gyase). I 7 . The Osahene is a military leader who is appointed for one particular campaign. Until the 1820s the Amanhene of Abura were successful Osahenes elected for their military prowess and leadership, and therefore belonging to different clans and towns and villages within the State. With the long reign ofKwesi Otu I, the Stool of Abirankur came into the Nsona ebusua of Abakrampa, where it has since remained. 18. TheAsebus founded their own statewhose territory stretches to the South of AburaState towards the sea and includes Mouree. 19. According to Nana Quansah's family history, Osam Kwesi I (ca. 1660), son of Ekua Akowah who was the daughter of Kwegyiriwa, subsequently married: I. EfuaFotwiwaa from Adwenadze ebusua; they acquired Odompem; 2. Amoaduah from Kona ebusua who settled on Dawurampon; 3. a woman belonging to the Nsona ebusua, whose daughter Asukwa and offspring settled on Amoanda; 4. Fowa from Aboradze ebusua who acquired the Oworabam Land. 78
20. As we have explained in Ch.I1, this is unclearable forest, in contrastto kwaa, virgin forest land that is potentially cultivable. 21 . That the Omanhene has not always seen eye to eye with the Dunkwa elders on their land sales is clear from the case of Foopa, the sale 0 f which in 1807 by Nana Quansah 's ancestor to a buyer from Egya (Anomabu State) and thus a foreigner, was not recognized by the present Omanhene as valid. 22. In contrast to Woodman, we have not found long tenancies still to be common. 79
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· 1\\m\I~\II~~\IIII~\i!~\\\! t~~es
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The views expressed in this publica
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research coul
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INTRODUCTORY NOTE When Emile Vercru
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I A BRIEF INTRODUCTION 10 THE PROBL
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agricultural productivity has reach
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Notes 1. Keith Griffin (1979) has c
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Most fallow land around Abura-Dunkw
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field which has been reaped; in the
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shelled pail by pail whenever it is
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Notes I. Quotations in this paragra
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HI ON THE SOClIAL RELATIONS OF PEAS
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- whether or not they have control
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tion was transformed into the tribu
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ges in exploitation and exploiters
Page 35 and 36:
of a state government, both involve
Page 37 and 38: other words, exploitation is now in
Page 39 and 40: There is now fairly general recogni
Page 41 and 42: must now move to a much more concre
Page 43 and 44: 12. According to Christensen (1954:
Page 45 and 46: IV AKAN LAND TENURE ARRANGEMENTS: A
Page 47 and 48: most if not all accounts of customa
Page 49 and 50: person (usually, but not always, a
Page 51 and 52: land. This intervening role ofthe e
Page 53 and 54: deemed abandoned after non-occupati
Page 55 and 56: Ch.III; Reindorf 1895; Kimble 1963)
Page 57 and 58: ered in that it had nearly brought
Page 59 and 60: purposes, and to subjects of other
Page 61 and 62: Notes 1. The first edition of Mensa
Page 63 and 64: v THEABURA-DUNKWA FAMILY LANDS AND
Page 65 and 66: anyone to acquire a right to farmla
Page 67 and 68: Equally, the land held (or claimed)
Page 69 and 70: eiterated that, consequent on their
Page 71 and 72: admitting that Nana Quansah was the
Page 73 and 74: emotions than anything else because
Page 75 and 76: Cape Coast where the case was down
Page 77 and 78: for him must be cancelled: It must
Page 79 and 80: Adwenadze: present-day descendants
Page 81 and 82: TableS: The Nnamfodo Lands and Thei
Page 83 and 84: It may be useful to point out that
Page 85 and 86: land (specifically: Kukubir 1 and 2
Page 87: 6 . Swearing an oath to an Akan mea
Page 92 and 93: homogeneous in terms of quality (gr
Page 94 and 95: tion of sample cases over the four
Page 96 and 97: (Dawurampon) is all there is availa
Page 98 and 99: 4. Auxiliary Rules for Allocating F
Page 100 and 101: Table 11: Farmers on Family Land of
Page 102 and 103: portion oftheir own family land may
Page 104 and 105: From Table 14 we see that apart fro
Page 106 and 107: together with annual tenancies at l
Page 108 and 109: - a proportionally larger part of t
Page 110 and 111: Hypothesis 4: Ignoring the uncultiv
Page 112 and 113: in the part played in the allocatio
Page 114 and 115: approval and cooperation of the oth
Page 116 and 117: 7. 'Total Acreage' in Thble 17 refe
Page 119 and 120: APPENDIX A SOME NOTES ON MFANTSE PO
Page 121 and 122: 1944 - and by then Ghana, or rather
Page 123 and 124: APPENDIXB OVERVIEW OF THE ARUBA-DUN
Page 125 and 126: NSONAMBUSUA 30. Kodju Dadzie Ekrofu
Page 127 and 128: APPENDIXC RANK CORRELATION BETWEEN
Page 129: RANK CORRELATION: Calculation rho =
Page 132 and 133: TnbleA.l Allocation of Farming Righ
Page 135 and 136: APPENDIXE THE FIELDWORK AND ITS IMP
Page 137 and 138: extent to which they were under cul
Page 139 and 140:
people could not acquire land throu
Page 141:
2. Results of the farm operations q
Page 144 and 145:
Casely Hayford, J.E. (1903) Gold Co
Page 146 and 147:
O'Brien, J. (1979) The Political Ec
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