sgr ms thesis - University of Maine

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Brittain, H.G. (2001). Particle-size distribution, part I representations of particle shape, size, and distribution: particle-size determinations are undertaken to obtain information about the size characteristics of an ensemble of particles. Pharmaceutical Technology 25.12: 38-45. Burnham, C.W. and Nekvasil, H. (1986). Equilibrium properties of granite pegmatite magmas. American Mineralogist 71: 239-263. Carey, S.; Sigurdsson, H.; Gardner, J.E.; Criswell, W. (1990). Variations in column height and magma discharge during the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research43: 99-112. Caruso, F.; Vinciguerra, S.; Latora, V.; Rapisarda, A.; Malone, S. (2006). Multifractal analysis of Mt. St. Helens seismicity as a tool for identifying eruptive activity. Fractals 3.4. Cathles, L.M. (1977). An analysis of the cooling of intrusives by ground-water convection which includes boiling. Economic Geology 72: 804-826. Chapman, C.A. (1962). Diabase-granite composite dikes, with pillow-like structures, Mount Desert Island, Maine. Journal of Geology 70: 539-564. Chen, Z.; Jin, Z.-H.; Johnson, S.E. (in press). Transient dike propagation and arrest near the level of neutral buoyancy. Clague, D.A. (1987). Hawaiian xenoliths populations, magma supply rates, and development of magma chambers. Bulletin of Volcanology 49: 577-587. Clark, A.H (1990). The slump breccias of the Toquepala porphyry Cu(Mo) deposit, Peru: implications for fragment rounding in hydrothermal breccias. Economic Geology 85: 1677-1685. Clark, C. and James, P. (2003). Hydrothermal brecciation due to fluid pressure fluctuations: examples from the Olary Domain, South Australia. Tectonophysics 366: 187-206. Clark, C.; Mumm, A. S.; Collins, A. S. (2006). A coupled micro-and macrostructural approach to the analysis of fluid induced brecciation, Curnamona Province, South Australia. Journal of Structural Geology 28: 745-761. Clark, S.P., Jr. (editor) (1966). Handbook of Physical Constsnts. Geological Society of America Memoir, 97. 121
Clarke, D. B. (2007). Assimilation of xenocrysts in granitic magmas: principles, processes, proxies, and problems. The Canadian Mineralogist 45:5-30. Clarke, D. B. and Erdmann, S. (2008). Is stoping a volumetrically significant pluton emplacement process?: Comment. Geological Society of America Bulletin 120: 1072-1074. Clarke, D.B.; Henry, A.S.; White, M.A. (1998). Exploding xenoliths and the absence of ‘elephants’ graveyards’ in granite batholiths. Journal of Structural Geology 20.9/10: 1325-1343. Clemens, J. and Mawer, C. (1992). Granitic magma transport by fracture propagation. Tectonophysics 204: 339-360. Cole, J.W.; Milner, D.M.; Spinks, K.D. (2005). Calderas and caldera structures: a review. Earth-Science Reviews 69: 1-26. Connolly, J. A. D. (2009) The geodynamic equation of state: what and how. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 10:Q10014 DOI:10.1029/2009GC002540. Cook, S.J., Bowman, J.R., and Forster, C.B. (1997) Contact metamorphism surrounding the Alta stock: Finite element model simulation of heat- and 18 O/ 16 O mass transport during prograde metamorphism. American Journal of Science 297: 1–55. Coombs, M. (1994). Petrology and geochemistry of the southern Shatter Zone, Cadillac Mountain Pluton, Mount Desert Island, Maine. Honors thesis. Cruden, A.R. (2005). Emplacement and growth of plutons: implications for rates of melting and mass transfer in continental crust. Evolution and Differentiation of the Continental Crust ed. Brown, Michael and Rushmer, Tracy. Cambridge university Press. Cruden, A.R. (2008). Emplacement mechanisms and structural influences of a younger granite intrusion into older wall rocks- a principal study with application to the Gotemar and Uthammar granites. Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co. Report R-08-138. Cruden, A.R. and McCaffrey, K. (2001). Growth of plutons by floor subsidence: implications for rates of emplacement, intrusion spacing and meltextraction mechanisms. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 26.4-5: 303- 315. 122
Page 1 and 2:
FRACTAL ANALYSIS AND THERMAL-ELASTI
Page 3 and 4:
LIBRARY RIGHTS STATEMENT In present
Page 5 and 6:
emplacement of mafic magma, resulti
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© 2011 Samuel Geoffrey Roy All Rig
Page 9 and 10:
TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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5.3.5. Clast Circularity Analysis .
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1. Figure
Page 15 and 16:
LIST OF TABLES Table 6.1. Table 7.1
Page 17 and 18:
subvolcanic magmatic systems, the l
Page 19 and 20:
Chapter 2 GEOLOGIC SETTING 2.1. Reg
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Somesville granite suite to the wes
Page 23 and 24:
Biotite is metamorphic in origin, a
Page 25 and 26:
Chapter 3 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF S
Page 27 and 28:
thinned lithosphere allows for part
Page 29 and 30:
A B C Figure 3.1. Formation of a la
Page 31 and 32:
1997; Branney and Kokelaar, 1998; J
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Effusive-Type Eruption max 10 0 - 1
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magma quickly intrudes the develope
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Piston Downsag Piecemeal Funnel Tra
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fragmentation, and thermal energy h
Page 41 and 42:
Chapter 4 THERMAL FRAMEWORK FOR CON
Page 43 and 44:
contrast, conduction is heat transf
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A B Grt C Grt D Crd Crd E 1 mm F Cr
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! ! ! ! Biotite Zone Garnet Zone !
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4.3.1. Model Setup The model is use
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to make a “hockey puck” style g
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t = 0s t = 1E11 t = 1E12s t = 1E13s
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850 750 650 550 450 400m Into Chamb
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approximately 140m thinner. The Sha
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Chapter 5 ROCK MECHANICS AND THE FR
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A β δ σ 1 σ 3 σ t c a σ 1 σ
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friction along the closed crack sur
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h h/2 h/4 Figure 5.2. A cube displa
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where N (≥r) is the count of clas
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to place a minimum size limit when
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moment of sudden fracture tip failu
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produced results in a self-similar
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13 ln(area) (pixels) 12 11 10 9 ln(
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eaction processes were involved in
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter 6 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS The
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Type 1 Type 2 500 m N Type 1 Type 2
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A B Figure 6.3. Type 2 Shatter Zone
Page 85 and 86: A B Figure 6.5. Centimeter-scale bo
Page 87 and 88: A B Figure 6.6. Brecciation texture
Page 89 and 90: The final breccia classified in thi
Page 91 and 92: esolution images of each box were s
Page 93 and 94: Clast circularity data were produce
Page 95 and 96: A 1000 Clast Size Distribu on: Type
Page 97 and 98: diorite dike with D s = 2.62 and R
Page 99 and 100: 6.3.3. Clast Circularity Analysis (
Page 101 and 102: with decreasing clast size in all T
Page 103 and 104: possibilities as postulated previou
Page 105 and 106: Chapter 7 MECHANISMS FOR SECONDARY
Page 107 and 108: magma. To prove the viability of th
Page 109 and 110: mesh to better evaluate large therm
Page 111 and 112: consistent with Type 3 breccias. Th
Page 113 and 114: A temperature versus time plot was
Page 115 and 116: Dimensionless time 0 0.05 0.1 0.15
Page 117 and 118: Figure 7.4 displays model results f
Page 119 and 120: thermal model ignores advection of
Page 121 and 122: Zone experienced a relatively weake
Page 123 and 124: 7.4. Thermal-Induced Fracture Field
Page 125 and 126: Metapelite/hornfels Diorite dike E
Page 127 and 128: 7.4.2. Results and Discussion COMSO
Page 129 and 130: This thermal fracture model explain
Page 131 and 132: disaggregation of Bar Harbor clasts
Page 133 and 134: REFERENCES Acocella, V. (2007). Und
Page 135: Billen, M.I. and Gurnis, M. (2001).
Page 139 and 140: Fisher, R.V. (1960). Classification
Page 141 and 142: Hartmann, W.K. (1969). Terrestrial,
Page 143 and 144: Johnson, S.E.; Paterson, S.R.; Tate
Page 145 and 146: Mandelbrot, B.B. (1967). How long i
Page 147 and 148: Oliver, N.H.S.; Rubenach, M.J.; Fu,
Page 149 and 150: Schoutens, J.E. (1979). Empirical A
Page 151 and 152: Wiebe, R.; Holden, J.; Coombs, M.;
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