sgr ms thesis - University of Maine

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gradational contact with the CMG. Clast sizes range from millimeter to meter scale (Gilman et al., 1988). The matrix of the shatter zone appears as both a fine grained biotite leucogranite and as late stage pegmatitic quartz veins, both of which differ compositionally from the dry, A-type Cadillac Mountain Granite. Average matrix grain size gradually increases toward the Cadillac Mountain Granite (Coombs, 1994; Wiebe et al., 1997a). The Shatter Zone is related to this intrusive complex, and the primary focus of this thesis is to determine the conditions of wall rock fragmentation, and how the deformation event was related to volcanic activity. 9
Chapter 3 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF SUBVOLCANIC SYSTEMS A rarely described and intricately formed feature of volcanism, subvolcanic systems can yield a great deal of information about the link between deeper magma plumbing systems and upper crustal volcanic regions. Exposures of these systems are uncommon because they occur at a depth between magma reservoir and volcanic edifice, providing only a small window into the processes that occur between the two. Subvolcanic systems can hold a wealth of information on the evolution of calderas, volcanic root zones, and the upper sections of reservoirs because they can contain intrusive phases such as cone sheets, ring faults and dikes, and massive central intrusions produced during active volcanism. The evolution of the subvolcanic magmatic system is recorded by these features due in part to the rapid quenching of some units and the inherent sequential series of intrusive behavior (Lipman, 1984; Johnson, 1999). Below I review the mechanisms behind magma generation, segregation, transport, emplacement, and volcanic eruption. Deformation features recorded in the subvolcanic system are also reviewed, and I discuss how volcanic energy is translated into deformation features, and how they relate to modern examples and the Shatter Zone. 10
Page 1 and 2: FRACTAL ANALYSIS AND THERMAL-ELASTI
Page 3 and 4: LIBRARY RIGHTS STATEMENT In present
Page 5 and 6: emplacement of mafic magma, resulti
Page 7 and 8: © 2011 Samuel Geoffrey Roy All Rig
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Page 11 and 12: 5.3.5. Clast Circularity Analysis .
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1. Figure
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF TABLES Table 6.1. Table 7.1
Page 17 and 18: subvolcanic magmatic systems, the l
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2 GEOLOGIC SETTING 2.1. Reg
Page 21 and 22: Somesville granite suite to the wes
Page 23: Biotite is metamorphic in origin, a
Page 27 and 28: thinned lithosphere allows for part
Page 29 and 30: A B C Figure 3.1. Formation of a la
Page 31 and 32: 1997; Branney and Kokelaar, 1998; J
Page 33 and 34: Effusive-Type Eruption max 10 0 - 1
Page 35 and 36: magma quickly intrudes the develope
Page 37 and 38: Piston Downsag Piecemeal Funnel Tra
Page 39 and 40: fragmentation, and thermal energy h
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 4 THERMAL FRAMEWORK FOR CON
Page 43 and 44: contrast, conduction is heat transf
Page 45 and 46: A B Grt C Grt D Crd Crd E 1 mm F Cr
Page 47 and 48: ! ! ! ! Biotite Zone Garnet Zone !
Page 49 and 50: 4.3.1. Model Setup The model is use
Page 51 and 52: to make a “hockey puck” style g
Page 53 and 54: t = 0s t = 1E11 t = 1E12s t = 1E13s
Page 55 and 56: 850 750 650 550 450 400m Into Chamb
Page 57 and 58: approximately 140m thinner. The Sha
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 5 ROCK MECHANICS AND THE FR
Page 61 and 62: A β δ σ 1 σ 3 σ t c a σ 1 σ
Page 63 and 64: friction along the closed crack sur
Page 65 and 66: h h/2 h/4 Figure 5.2. A cube displa
Page 67 and 68: where N (≥r) is the count of clas
Page 69 and 70: to place a minimum size limit when
Page 71 and 72: moment of sudden fracture tip failu
Page 73 and 74: produced results in a self-similar
Page 75 and 76:
13 ln(area) (pixels) 12 11 10 9 ln(
Page 77 and 78:
eaction processes were involved in
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter 6 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS The
Page 81 and 82:
Type 1 Type 2 500 m N Type 1 Type 2
Page 83 and 84:
A B Figure 6.3. Type 2 Shatter Zone
Page 85 and 86:
A B Figure 6.5. Centimeter-scale bo
Page 87 and 88:
A B Figure 6.6. Brecciation texture
Page 89 and 90:
The final breccia classified in thi
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esolution images of each box were s
Page 93 and 94:
Clast circularity data were produce
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A 1000 Clast Size Distribu on: Type
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diorite dike with D s = 2.62 and R
Page 99 and 100:
6.3.3. Clast Circularity Analysis (
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with decreasing clast size in all T
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possibilities as postulated previou
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Chapter 7 MECHANISMS FOR SECONDARY
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magma. To prove the viability of th
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mesh to better evaluate large therm
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consistent with Type 3 breccias. Th
Page 113 and 114:
A temperature versus time plot was
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Dimensionless time 0 0.05 0.1 0.15
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Figure 7.4 displays model results f
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thermal model ignores advection of
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Zone experienced a relatively weake
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7.4. Thermal-Induced Fracture Field
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Metapelite/hornfels Diorite dike E
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7.4.2. Results and Discussion COMSO
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This thermal fracture model explain
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disaggregation of Bar Harbor clasts
Page 133 and 134:
REFERENCES Acocella, V. (2007). Und
Page 135 and 136:
Billen, M.I. and Gurnis, M. (2001).
Page 137 and 138:
Clarke, D. B. (2007). Assimilation
Page 139 and 140:
Fisher, R.V. (1960). Classification
Page 141 and 142:
Hartmann, W.K. (1969). Terrestrial,
Page 143 and 144:
Johnson, S.E.; Paterson, S.R.; Tate
Page 145 and 146:
Mandelbrot, B.B. (1967). How long i
Page 147 and 148:
Oliver, N.H.S.; Rubenach, M.J.; Fu,
Page 149 and 150:
Schoutens, J.E. (1979). Empirical A
Page 151 and 152:
Wiebe, R.; Holden, J.; Coombs, M.;
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