2010 Progress Report - International Joint Commission

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Progress Report 2010 Current CAIR Implementation in NBP States (transition from NBP to CAIR NO x Ozone Season Program) All former NBP states except Rhode Island are in the CAIR NO x ozone season program, which also includes six additional eastern states (Arkansas, Florida, Iowa, Louisiana, Mississippi and Wisconsin) and full state coverage in Alabama, Michigan and Missouri. The CAIR NO x annual and CAIR SO 2 programs, which address PM 2.5 , apply in all of the CAIR NO x ozone season states except Connecticut, Massachusetts and Arkansas, and also include Texas and Georgia. These areas are shown in Figure 12. In a November 2009 rule, the EPA stayed the effectiveness of CAIR for Minnesota, which had previously been identifi ed as signifi cantly contributing to nonattainment of PM 2.5 ambient air quality standards in downwind states. Therefore, the EPA is excluding Minnesota sources and emissions from compliance requirements. The 2009 CAIR NO x ozone season emissions cap for EGUs was at least as stringent as the NBP, and in some states was tighter. The trading budget for any NBP state that includes its industrial units under CAIR remains the same for those units as it was in the NBP. CAIR also allows sources to bank and use pre-2009 NBP allowances for CAIR NO x ozone season program compliance on a 1:1 basis, thereby giving sources in those states the incentive to reduce emissions sooner. Furthermore, sources outside of the NBP region can buy and use pre-2009 NBP allowances in the CAIR NO x ozone season trading program. Finally, in order to be in compliance, NBP sources that did not have enough allowances in their accounts at the end of the reconciliation period to cover their 2008 ozone season emissions surrendered 2009 CAIR allowances at a 3:1 ratio. In 2009, there were about 3,321 affected units in the CAIR NO x annual program and 3,279 in the CAIR NO x ozone season program (Figure 13). This covers a range of unit types including units that operate everyday or nearly everyday to provide baseload power to the electrical grid as well as units that provide power on peak demand days only and may not operate at all some years. Figure 12. PEMA Region and the Transition from the NBP to CAIR Note: In a November 2009 rule, the EPA stayed the effectiveness of CAIR for Minnesota, which had previously been among the states controlled for fine particles. Source: US EPA 2010 22
Figure 13. Affected Units in CAIR NO x Annual and CAIR NO x Ozone Season Programs Number of Affected Units 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 467 1,913 13 208 563 1,614 14 NO x Emissions (tons) Figure 14. Ozone Season Emissions from CAIR NO x Ozone Season Sources 800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 Commitments 500 921 876 100,000 0 7 CAIR NO x Annual Program 4 CAIR NO x Ozone Season Program 0 2008 2009 Industrial Units Gas EGUs New CAIR Units Legacy NBP Units Other Fuel EGUs Oil EGUs Coal EGUsR Unclassified EGUs Source: EPA, 2010 Note: “Other” fuel refers to units that burn fuels such as waste, wood, petroleum coke, or tire-derived fuel. Source: US EPA 2010 Emissions Reductions: Between 2008, the CAIR transition year, and 2009, when compliance became mandatory, ozone season NO x emissions fell in every state participating in the CAIR NO x ozone season program. Units in the seasonal program reduced their overall NO x emissions from 689,000 tons to 495,000 tons (Figure 14). An 11% drop in heat input and a 22% improvement in NO x rate accounted for this reduction in total summer NO x emissions. Annual NO x Reductions From 2008 to 2009, NO x emissions from units in the CAIR NO x annual program region fell from 2.3 million tons to 1.3 million tons, refl ecting a 10% drop in energy demand (as measured by heat input) and a 36% improvement in the rate of NO x emissions. In 2009, the total emissions from sources in the annual NO x region were about 350,000 tons (21%) below the regional budget. All states participating in the program reduced emissions from 2008 levels. Eighteen states and the District of Columbia had emissions below their allowance budgets, collectively by about 191,000 tons. Another six states (Delaware, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi and Pennsylvania) exceeded their 2009 budgets by a total of about 37,000 tons. 23
Page 1 and 2: Canada • United States Air Qualit
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . .
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES FIGURES
Page 7 and 8: Progress Report 2010 Introduction B
Page 9 and 10: 3 Progress Report 2010
Page 11 and 12: Figure 1. Total Canadian Emissions
Page 13 and 14: y power plants and other sources (s
Page 15 and 16: Acid Deposition Monitoring, Modelli
Page 17 and 18: y 2007 the regions receiving greate
Page 19 and 20: The United States has various progr
Page 21 and 22: Following guidelines approved by th
Page 23 and 24: The Off-Road Compression-Ignition E
Page 25 and 26: Regulation 194/05 (Industry Emissio
Page 27: The NO x Budget Trading Program (NB
Page 31 and 32: In addition, the EPA had previously
Page 33 and 34: The proposed reductions in air poll
Page 35 and 36: The compilation of the comprehensiv
Page 37 and 38: Figure 18. U.S. NO x Emission Trend
Page 39 and 40: Commitments Figures 20 and 21 show
Page 41 and 42: Ozone Concentration (ppb) 100 90 80
Page 43 and 44: Figure 26. Network of Monitoring Si
Page 45 and 46: (86% of electric utility emissions)
Page 47 and 48: emissions have also been successful
Page 49 and 50: The Transportation and Air Quality
Page 51 and 52: • VOC emissions are the most dive
Page 53 and 54: In the United States, there is an o
Page 55 and 56: As of 2008, over 300 NAPS air monit
Page 57 and 58: Table 3 (continued) MAJOR ROUTINE O
Page 59 and 60: Health Effects CANADA Health Canada
Page 61 and 62: Canadian Health and Exposure Tools
Page 63 and 64: such as premature mortality, hospit
Page 65 and 66: information and the risks posed by
Page 67 and 68: Ecological Effects Aquatic Effects
Page 69 and 70: Reduction in surface water calcium
Page 71 and 72: Declines in sulphate deposition lev
Page 73 and 74: etained within their catchments (la
Page 75 and 76: Environment (CDPHE) and the EPA to
Page 77 and 78: Figure 40. Lake and Stream Exceedan
Page 79 and 80:
Figure 44. Ammonia Monitoring Netwo
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 46. Major Atmospheric Transp
Page 83 and 84:
APPENDIX A Canada-U.S. Air Quality
Page 85 and 86:
APPENDIX B Appendix B: List of Acro
Page 87 and 88:
PCB polychlorinated biphenyl SLAMS
Page 89 and 90:
Notes Progress Report 2010 83
Page 91:
To obtain additional information, p
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2010 Progress Report - International Joint Commission

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