Abuse of Economic Dependence - The Centre for European Policy ...
Abuse of Economic Dependence - The Centre for European Policy ...
Abuse of Economic Dependence - The Centre for European Policy ...
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Annex 4<br />
Appendix C <strong>of</strong> the ICN Kyoto-ASBP.<br />
Jurisdictions with <strong>Abuse</strong> <strong>of</strong> Superior Bargaining Position legislations.<br />
Criteria under Effects Sanctions/ Countervailing Who En<strong>for</strong>ces? Number <strong>of</strong> Cases Private<br />
Superior Remedies Power En<strong>for</strong>cement<br />
Bargaining<br />
Position<br />
Provisions<br />
a b c d e f g h i j k l Competition Other m n o p<br />
Authority<br />
1. Austria X X X X<br />
2. France X X X X X X X X X 25-30/ X<br />
1 yr<br />
3. Germany X X X X X X X X X 39 3 31 5 X<br />
4. Italy X X X X X X X X X<br />
5. Japan X X X X X X X X 98 12 10 X<br />
6. Korea X X X X X X X X X X X 2,382 360<br />
7. Slovak Rep. X X X X<br />
Total 5 6 5 5 0 1 1 5 5 1 1 2 2 2 6 4 (2,519) 375 41 5 6<br />
a. Degree <strong>of</strong> dependence g. Cease/desist (prohibition) m. Reviewed<br />
b. Probability <strong>of</strong> finding an h. Fines n. Violation<br />
alternative i. Imprisonment o. No violation<br />
c. Supply and demand <strong>for</strong>ces j. Surcharge p. Settlement<br />
d. Differences in scale <strong>of</strong> k. Public announcement<br />
business l. Other<br />
e. Harm to consumer welfare<br />
f. Other
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