Complete Volume - Institute of Business Management

Research
The Relationship of Optimism and Job Satisfaction in Business Schools
APPENDIX “A”
Operational Definition:
Optimism:
Optimism is defined as the cognitive disposition to expect
favorable outcomes (Scheier & Carver, 1985).
OPTIMISM SCALE
Instructions: Below are statements with which you may agree or
disagree. Read each statement, and using the scale shown below,
please select the number that best describes how you think about
yourself right now and put that number in the blank before each
statement. Please take a few moments to focus on yourself and
what is going on in your life at this moment. Once you have this
“here and now” set, go ahead and answer each item according
to the following scale:
SCALE:
1= Strongly agree
2=Disagree
3=Neutral
4=Agree
5= Strongly agree
——1.In uncertain times, I usually expect the best
——2. It’s easy for me to relax
——3. If something can go wrong for me, it will.
——4. I always look on the bright side o the things.
——5. Right now I am optimistic about my future
——6. I enjoy my friends a lot.
——7. It’s important for me to keep busy
——8. I hardly ever expect things to go my way.
——9. Things never work out the way I want them to.
——10. I don’t get upset too easily.
——11. I’m a believer in the idea that “every cloud has
a silver lining”.
——12. I rarely count on good things happening to me.
PAKISTAN BUSINESS REVIEW JULY 2010
309