REVISTA ROMÂNĂ DE AUTOMATICĂ - IPA SA

REVISTA ROMÂNĂ DE AUTOMATICĂ
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Taxonomies and documents with mixed
vocabularies [1] In this stage, data can be
composed from multiple domains and
accurately classified in a hierarchical
taxonomy. In fact, the classification can be
used for discovery of data. Simple
relationships between categories in the
taxonomy can be used to relate and thus
combine data. Thus, data is now smart
enough to be easily discovered and sensibly
combined with other data.
Ontologies and rules [1] In this stage, new
data can be inferred from existing data by
following logical rules.
In essence, data is now smart enough to be
described with concrete relationships, and
sophisticated formalisms where logical
calculations can be made on this "semantic
algebra." This allows the combination and
recombination of data at a more atomic level and
very fine-grained analysis of data. Thus, in this
stage, data no longer exists as a blob but as a part
of a sophisticated microcosm. An example of
this data sophistication is the automatic
translation of a document in one domain to the
equivalent (or as close as possible) document in
another domain. Now, can compose a new
definition of the Semantic Web:
a machine-processable web of smart data[1].
Furthermore, we can further define smart data
as data that is application-independent,
composeable, classified, and part of a larger
information ecosystem (ontology).
III. BENEFITS OF THE SEMANTIC
WEB TO THE WORLD WIDE WEB
The World Wide Web is the biggest
repository of information ever created, with
growing contents in various languages and
fields of knowledge. But, in the long run, it is
extremely difficult to make sense of this
content. Search engines might help you find
content containing specific words, but that
content might not be exactly what you want.
What is lacking? The search is based on the
contents of pages and not the semantic
meaning of the page's contents or information
about the page.
Once the Semantic Web exists, it can provide
the ability to tag all content on the Web,
describe what each piece of information is
about and give semantic meaning to the
content item. Thus, search engines become
more effective than they are now, and users
can find the precise information they are
hunting. Organizations that provide various
services can tag those services with meaning;
using Web-based software agents, you can
dynamically find these services on the fly and
use them to your benefit or in collaboration
with other services.
IV. WEB OF TRUST
Web is a collaborative medium that enables
the individuals to contribute, access, and
share contents. To further assist users to
contribute more and to increase cooperation,
W3C aims to develop a “Web of Trust”.
Initiatives like Friend of a Friend (FOAF),
RDF and XML signatures, etc, espouse the
aim to achieve Web of Trust. Recently trust
has been recognized as one of the main
factors affecting electronic commerce.
Information regarding a product, physical or
online business acquired from either the user’s
physical, or the online trusted social network
impacts the user’s initial and subsequent levels
of trust in an online business. The impact is
directly associated with the user’s level of trust
in the information source, in terms of source’s
credibility, honesty and ability.
V. WEB 2.0
Web 2.0 is a trend in World Wide Web
technology, and web design, a second
generation of web-based communities and
hosted services such as social-networking
sites, wikis, blogs, and folksonomies, which
aim to facilitate creativity, collaboration, and
sharing among users. The term became
notable after the first O'Reilly Media Web 2.0
conference in 2004. Although the term
suggests a new version of the World Wide
Web, it does not refer to an update to any
technical specifications, but to changes in the
ways software developers and end-users use
webs. According to Tim O'Reilly: