Fundamental Organic Chemistry

Sixth:
In dry test tube put 1ml of unknown + 0.5gm of salicylic acid + 2drop of conc.
H 2 SO 4 and heated in water bath for 3 min. then pour the content into beaker
containing Na 2 CO 3 solution.
Vix smell appear ( Methyl salicylate ) unknown is methanol .
Neutral Solution N.S.:
Add to the acid aqueous NH 3 ( NH 4 OH) till the solution is just alkaline to litmus
Boil the solution until the evolution of NH 3 gas ceases ( this can be ensured by
exposing a red litmus paper to vapor) .
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Experiment to differentiate between formic and acetic acid :
Test Formic acid Acetic acid
1-Mercury chloride test:
1ml of N.S. of acid +1ml
of HgCl 2 & added excess
then boil .
White ppt. immediately
appear & change to
gray ppt. with boiling .
White ppt. change to
yellow ppt. with boiling .
2-Permanganate test:
1ml of warm acid + drops
of KMnO 4 .
The color disappear.
The color will not
disappear.
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