Fundamental Organic Chemistry

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4-β-Naphthol OH Test Observation Result 1-Ferric chloride test: Diluted solution of β-naphthol in alcohol then add 2 drop of FeCl 3 . Greenish color turns to violet The compound from phenols 2-Azo dye formation test: Take 3 test tube Tube (1): 1ml of aniline +3.5ml of conc. HCl Tube (2): 1ml of sodium nitrite NaNO 2 Tube (3): β-naphthol dissolved in excess NaOH. Keep the 3 test tube in ice bath & Put tube orange dye Dye is Benzene azo β-naphthol (2) (1) slowly, then add mixture to tube (3) . 3-Chloroform test : 1ml of β-naphthol dissolved in excess 20% NaOH +1ml of chloroform CHCl 3 then heat in water bath . 4-Phethalen test: In dry test tube add 0.5gm of β-naphthol + 0.5 gm of phthalic anhydride +2drop of conc.H 2 SO 4 , and gently fuse together allow to cool , and then add 30% NaOH solution in exces Blue color turns to green . Green Color Compound is β-naphthol Compound is β-naphthol 74
Scheme for solid sample <strong>Organic</strong> compound Solid compound: 1- Acids: Benzoic acid - Salicylic acid - Oxalic acid -Tartaric acid - Citric acid. 2- Sodium salt for acid: Sodium acetate - Sodium format - Sodium Benzoate - Sodium Salicylate Sodium Oxalate -Sodium Tartarate - Sodium Citrate. 3- Ammonium salt for acid: Ammonium acetate - Ammonium format - Ammonium Citrate Ammonium Salicylate - Ammonium Oxalate - Ammonium Tartarate. 4- Aniline salts: 1-Aniline Hydrochloride 2- Aniline Sulfides NH 2 .HCl NH 2 .H 2 SO 4 75
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King Abdul Aziz University Faculty
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11. All chemicals in the lab are da
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Lab Equipment Test Tube Brushes Tes
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clamp Filter paper Pipet Bunsen Bur
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Gravity filtration: Apiece of filte
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Technique 2 Crystallization: When a
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solvent Bp( O C) Useful for water 1
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Technique 3 Sublimation: Sublimatio
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vacuum and removing the tube so tha
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separatory funnel allows the bottom
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After venting, close the stopcock,
Page 23 and 24: 1- Column Chromatography Column chr
Page 25 and 26: 2- Thin-Layer Chromatography(TLC) T
Page 27 and 28: chloroform (CAUTION : toxic). A 2 :
Page 29 and 30: ead. It provides a large surface ar
Page 31 and 32: 3-Steam distillation Steam distilla
Page 33 and 34: HYDROCARBONS Compound containing on
Page 35 and 36: Test Observation Result 1-Brominati
Page 37 and 38: Test Observation Result 1-Brominati
Page 39 and 40: NO 2 + H 2 O HNO 3 Conc. H 2 SO 4 C
Page 41 and 42: 1-Methanol CH 3 OH Methyl alcohol i
Page 43 and 44: CH 3 COONa + CH 3 CH 2 OH H 2 SO 4
Page 45 and 46: CARBONYL COMPOUND 1-Aldehydes 2-Ket
Page 47 and 48: O O H C H + Ag 2 O H C OH + 2Ag ...
Page 49 and 50: 4-Aldol Condensation In a test tube
Page 51 and 52: B) Fehling's solution In a test tub
Page 53 and 54: CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Liquid organic aci
Page 55 and 56: 1- Formic acids HCOOH Formic acid i
Page 57 and 58: 2- Acetic acid CH 3 COOH Acetic aci
Page 59 and 60: 3-Lactic acid CH 3 CH(OH)COOH Is li
Page 61 and 62: Third: 1ml of unknown + 3ml of iodi
Page 63 and 64: Experiment to differentiate between
Page 65 and 66: 2-Salicylic acid C 6 H 5 (OH)COOH S
Page 67 and 68: 2-Tartaric acid HO HO CH CH COOH CO
Page 69 and 70: PHENOL Phenol is aromatic compound
Page 71 and 72: 3-Chloroform test : 1ml of phenol d
Page 73: OH 3-α-Naphthol Solid, insoluble i
Page 77 and 78: Second: 0.25 gm of unknown + 1ml of
Page 79: Confirmatory test: Test Formic acid
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Fundamental Organic Chemistry

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