ISSUE 91 : Nov/Dec - 1991 - Australian Defence Force Journal

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56 AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE FORCE JOURNAL NO 91 NOVEMBER DECEMBER 1991 In addition, there was the vast quantity of material and labour needed to build the airfields, gun positions, air raid shelters, and other military works. Also to be included is the huge amount of other equipment, fuel and ammunition. The barrage had come to fire as many as 20.000 rounds of 3-inch shells during the one raid. The life of a gun was put at 1500 rounds, so this would also mean at least twelve to fourteen guns had to be replaced after each attack. Compare all this to the strength of the German raiding force. Except for the last great raid in May 1918, the greatest number of bombers which set out to attack Britain at any time was 27. There were, in fact, seldom more than 28 over the target and usually far less. For the airship raids no more than eleven were ever launched at once, and usually it was less than half this number. The number which actually crossed the coast was seldom more than five, and these usually dispersed in ones and twos to separate target areas. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, perhaps, was the fact that the Germans always had the great advantage of surprise. For the British, however, it was a great challenge. They did not know in what strength, or how often, the attackers might appear. They were, within a fairly short time, to achieve complete mastery over the Zeppelins. Subsequently, despite earlier setbacks, they were also able to defeat the bombers. The manner in which they achieved these victories and the organisation and tactics adopted were to stand the RAF in good stead some just over twenty years later when they faced an even greater threat. In that vital summer of 1940, just how many realised that the very service itself, and the basic principles in use, had been evolved in that much earlier, and much forgotten Battle of Britain? Books NOTES Boyle, Andrew: "Trenchard. Man of Vision". Collins. London, 1962. Dudley, Ernest: "Monters of the Purple Twilight", George G. Harrap. London, I960. Fredette, Major Raymond H: "The First Battle of Britain 1917- 18", Cassell, London. 1966. Gray. Peter and Thetford. Owen: "German Aircraft of the First World War". Putnam. London, 1962. Grey, C G: "A History of the Air Ministry", George Allen & Unwin, London 1940. Haddow. G W and Grosz, Peter M: "The German Giants", Putnam. London, 1962. Morris. Captain Joseph, BA RAes, "The German Air Raids on Great Britain. 1914-1918", Sampson Low Marston & Co, London, (—). Munson, Major E C P (Ed): "Air Raid Damage in London", British Fire Prevention Committee, London, 1923. Munson. Kenneth: "Aircraft of World War I". Ian Allen, London, 1967. Neumann, Major George Paul, (Trans, by Gurdon, J E): "The German Air Force in the Great War", Hodder & Stoughton. London. 1920. Norman, Aaron: "The Great Air War", Macmillan, New York, 1968. Penrose, Harald: "British Aviation The Great War and Armistice 1915-1919", Putnam, London, 1969. Poolman. Kenneth: "Zeppelins over England". Evans Brothers Ltd, London, 1960. Roskill, Capt S W DSC MA (Ed): "Documents Relating to the Naval Air Service", Navy Records Society, London, 1969. Spaight. J M: "The Beginnings of Air Power", Longmans, Green & Co, London, 1927. Official History Raleigh. Sir Walter and Jones H A: "The War in the Air 1914- 18", Vol I, Raleigh: Vols II-VI, Jones: Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1922-1937. Air Commodore Garrisson graduated from Point Cook as a pilot in 1937. and later qualified also as a navigator and weapons officer. He saw operational service during World War Hin England. Australia and New Guinea in a variety of flying, command and staff appointments. In the immediate post war years he served with the British Occupation Force in Japan and later saw further operational service with No I Squadron during the Malaysian Emergency. A posting in 1954 to command RA A F Base Fair bairn was followed by a tour of duty at Department A ir as Director-General of Organisation and in 1960 he was posted to Washington as the A ustralian Air A tlache. On his return to Australia in 1963 he became Officer Commanding RAAF Base Amherley and in 1965 was posted to be Commandant RAA F Staff College. In 1967 he was seconded to the Royal Malaysian Air Force where he formed, and then commanded, the RMAF Tactical Air Force. He retired from the RAAF in 1970 to become the Australian Consultant to the Grumman Aerospace Corporation, thus retaining a close and continuing association with military aviation. After reliringfrom the latter appointment in 1979 he was awarded a three-year research grant by the A ustralian War Memorial to research the subject of'Command and Control of the RAAF— in Peace and War'. This was followed by his appointment in 1983 as a Visiting Fellow to the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University where he continued to extend his studies in the field of command and control of the armed forces. He has lectured and written extensively in his chosen field and in 1984 was elected to full membership of the Australian Society of Authors. He is a regular contributor to the Australian Dictionary of Biography and until recently was also a member of the defence advisory committee for that organisation. He has also been an external defence consultant to the Parliamentary Library Research Service where he contributed several papers on a variety of related subjects. He is a member of the Military Historical Society of Australia, the Royal Aeronautical Society and the Royal United Services Institute and has a degree as Bachelor of Economics from the University of Queensland- Editor's Note: This article first appeared in Australian Aviation, June 1982 (Part 1) and September 1982 (Part 2).
AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE FORCE JOURNAL INDEX 1991 No 86 January February 1991 — No 91 November December 1991 TITLE INDEX TITLE Adventurous Training Slight Misunderstanding, A Politicians, Commanders and Greece, 1941 Air Power An Alternative Approach Air Power Notebooks of Air Vice Marshall H. N. Wrigley. The Allied Forces in Greece and Crete — 1941 Are We Really Serious Army Adventurous Training Australian Cadet Corps, The Battle for Crete, The — The Tragic Truth Change in Work Value in the Defence Forces Child Care Services in the Australian Defence Force Determining the Cost of Personnel Wastage in the RAAF Development of leadership Theory, The Empowering People in the Face of Change First Battle of Britain. The Food for Thought Freyberg and Crete's Defence Future of the Australian Defence Industry, The Gulf War and Australia's Strategic Posture. The Heritage of Strangers How Many Weapons? How Many Aircraft 9 Intifada: Running out of Stones'.' Law of Armed Conflict, The Memory of Crete Mind of the Soldier, The Motorization of the Australian Army, The New Zealand War Artist on Crete Origins of Australia's Army, The Pressure Group Activities of the RSL, The RAAF Air Power Doctrine. The Realm of Uncertainty, The Role of Blue Water Navies, The Royal Australian Air Force at Guadalcanal, The Royal Australian Navy and the Evacuations from Greece and Crete, The Servicewomen: Careers into the 1990s Sixth Australian Division, The Macedonia 1941 Some Personel Recollections of the Syrian and Iraq Campaign 1941 Use of Armour in Low Level Operations, The What a Hell of a Mine When Mountains Shoot Back Why Defence in Depth 9 Why Study the Classical Air Power Theorists Work Study in Defence ISSUE 90 Sep/Oct 88 May, Jun 91 Nov Dec 86 Jan/Feb 88 May Jun 87 Mar/Apr 90 Sep/Oct 89 Jul, Aug 88 May Jun 91 Nov Dec 90 Sep Oct 89 Jul/ Aug 90 Sep/Oct 87 Mar Apr 91 Nov, Dec 89 Jul/ Aug 88 May, Jun 90 Sep Oct 91 Nov Dec 87 Mar Apr 91 Nov; Dec 90 Sep/Oct 86 Jan/ Feb 88 May/Jun 91 Nov Dec 86 Jan Feb 88 May Jun 87 Mar. Apr 89JulAug 89 Jul \ug 90 Sep Oct 86 Jan Feb 87 Mar Apr 88 May Jun 87 Mar, Apr 88 May Jun 88 Ma\ Jun *v Jul \ug 91 Nov, Dec 90 Sep/Oct 89 Jul, Aug 86 Jan Feb 89 Jul/ Aug PAGE 5 5! 21 43 31 35 9 17 15 8 43 33 36 53 37 26 19 31 3 21 26 27 19 11 13 33 48 7 41 45 13 9 27 43 43 24 57 21 31 53 7 16 13
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A U S T R A L I A N NO. 91 NOVEMBER
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No. 91 November/December 1991 AUSTR
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The Gulf War and Australia's Strate
Page 7 and 8: THE GULF WAR AND AUSTRALIA'S STRATE
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Page 11 and 12: CHANGE IN WORK VALUE IN THE DEFENCE
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Page 15 and 16: The Mind of the Soldier His Most Im
Page 17 and 18: THE MIND OF THE SOLDIER IS A determ
Page 19 and 20: THE MIND OF THE SOLDIER [7 The mind
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Page 23 and 24: Air Power — An Alternative Approa
Page 25 and 26: AIR POWER — AN ALTERNATIVE APPROA
Page 27 and 28: AIR POWER — AN ALTERNATIVE APPROA
Page 29 and 30: HOW MANY WEAPONS 0 HOW MANY AIRCRAF
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Page 33 and 34: What a Hell of a Mine By Wing Comma
Page 35 and 36: WHAT A HELL OF A MINE 33 Availabili
Page 37 and 38: WHAT A HELL OF A MINE 35 NOILS Arth
Page 39 and 40: The First Battle of Britain By Air
Page 41 and 42: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 39 Two
Page 43 and 44: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 4! Zepp
Page 45 and 46: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 43 The
Page 47 and 48: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 4 ; Mos
Page 49 and 50: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 47 The
Page 51 and 52: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 49 endu
Page 53 and 54: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 51 drop
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Page 57: THE FIRST BATTLE OF BRITAIN 5- I SM
Page 61 and 62: ANNUAL INDEX 59 GALLIPOLI Heritage
Page 63 and 64: ANNUAL INDEX 61 What a Hell of a Mi
Page 65 and 66: ANNUAL INDEX 63 Use of Armour in Lo
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ISSUE 91 : Nov/Dec - 1991 - Australian Defence Force Journal

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