Annual Report 2006 - Plataforma Solar de AlmerÃa

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PLATAFORMA SOLAR DE ALMERÍA • Modeling and simulation software development in the TRNSYS environment, improving existing parabolic-trough collector field simulation programs for both the HTF technology and direct steam generation in the parabolic-trough solar collector absorber tubes. • Evaluation of new components and designs for parabolic-trough collectors. The confidential nature of this type of work prohibits us from providing concrete information on the PSA’s work in this area in 2006. • Diffusion of the parabolic-trough collector technology, by giving lectures and participating in courses on renewable energies. In this field, the most significant contribution of the medium Concentration Group was our participation in the Course on “Solar Concentrating Systems” in Madrid from October 2-11, 2006. • Consulting services for builders and engineering firms on parabolictrough technology: The incentives and premiums set by Royal Decree 436/2004 have given rise to a strong commercial interest in solar thermal power plants. This has caused a large number of companies to start exploring the possibility of entering this field of technology. Since the parabolic-trough collector technology is the most commercially mature for solar thermal power plants, it is the technology most of the companies are interested in. As the PSA is the European center of reference in solar concentrating technologies, almost all the companies come to the PSA for information and consultancy. Given the logical limitation of available resources in the Medium Concentration Group, it is sometimes impossible to attend to all of the requests received. It is our desire to be able to increase our human resources to adequately give Spanish industry all of the support demanded of us at this time and which, at present, it is impossible for us to do. 3.3 High Concentration Group Central Receiver Systems (CRS), after a scale-up and concept demonstration stage, at the end of 2006, are at the gateway of commercial operation. Today, over 10 complete experimental central receiver systems and a wide variety of components (heliostats, receivers, storage subsystems) have been tested worldwide. This accumulated experience has demonstrated the technical feasibility of the concept and its ability to operate at high incident radiation flux (typically between 200 and 1000 kW/m 2 ), which makes it possible for them to work at high temperatures (between 250ºC and 1100ºC) and gradually be integrated into more efficient cycles, from Rankine cycles with saturated steam to Brayton cycles with gas turbines. It has also been demonstrated that they easily admit hybrid operation in a wide variety of options and have the potential to generate over 4500 equivalent hours per year highcapacity electricity with the aid of thermal storage systems. System efficiency predictions are 20-23% at design point and 15-17% annual. The high cost of capital is an obstacle to the commercial deployment of its full potential. The first commercial applications that are about to be inaugurated, still have installed power costs of 2500-9000€/kW (depending on storage) and electricity production costs of around 0.16-0.20€/kWh. A reduction in the cost of the technology is therefore essential to increase the number of commercial applications. Aware of this problem, the PSA, as well as participating in the first commercial CRT demonstration plants, maintains a permanent line of research in component and system development for their cost reduction and efficiency improvement. 42
CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT In 2006, in addition to contributing to SCSU activities, such as improving own R&D capabilities and technological training of third parties, the High Solar Concentration Group, HSCG, performed three basic types of activity: • System development, which at the present time of commercial deployment of these technologies could be understood as cooperating with the developers promoting the first generation of commercial central receiver solar thermal power plants, such as PS10 (with Solucar- Abengoa) or Solar tres (with Sener). • Component development for central receiver technology by initiative or collaboration in national (such as AVANSOL) or international (such as HICON-PV or SOLHYCO) projects. • Improvement of experimental capacities and quality procedures (as IN MEPSOCON) 3.3.1 SOLAR TRES 15 MW e Molten Salt Solar Thermal Power Demonstration Plant Participants: SENER Ingeniería y Sistemas, S.A. (E), GHER,S.A. (E), CIEMAT- PSA (E), Compagnie de Saint Gobain, S.A. (F), SIEMENS Aktiengesellschaft (D) Contacts: Javier Viñals (javier.vinals@sener.es), Juan Ignacio Burgaleta (ignacio.burgaleta@sener.es); Félix M. Téllez (felix.tellez@ciemat.es) Funding: CEC- DG TREN (ENERGIE Program, Ref.:NNE5/369/2001): 5 M€ Duration: December 2002-December 2007 Background: The Project accumulates the experience of the previous Solar Two project, but also has design innovations, as a consequence of work performed together by Sener and the CIEMAT as well as the technical conditions imposed by Spanish legislation on solar thermal power. The initial Solar Tres project was predesigned to meet the requisites of the Spanish legal frame- Figure 3.7 Flow diagram of the Solar Tres plant 43
Page 1 and 2: Annual Report 2006
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents
Page 5 and 6: MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR A message
Page 7 and 8: GENERAL PRESENTATION 1 General Pres
Page 9 and 10: GENERAL PRESENTATION 1.3 Human and
Page 11 and 12: GENERAL PRESENTATION Figure 1.5 Par
Page 13 and 14: GENERAL PRESENTATION 1.5 Training a
Page 15 and 16: FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS 2 Faci
Page 17 and 18: FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS nomina
Page 19 and 20: FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS 2.3 Li
Page 21 and 22: FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS Figure
Page 23 and 24: FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS 2.4.4
Page 25 and 26: FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS 2.5.5
Page 31 and 32: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT 3
Page 33 and 34: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT 3.
Page 35 and 36: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT kn
Page 37 and 38: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT bi
Page 39 and 40: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Th
Page 41: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Fi
Page 49 and 50: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Fi
Page 51 and 52: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Ac
Page 55 and 56: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Ec
Page 57 and 58: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT le
Page 59 and 60: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Ge
Page 61 and 62: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT te
Page 63 and 64: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT So
Page 65 and 66: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT Fi
Page 67 and 68: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT [3
Page 69 and 70: CONCENTRATING SOLAR SYSTEMS UNIT [3
Page 71 and 72: ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR
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ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR
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EVENTS Figure 5.1 Logo designed for
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EVENTS The DLR (German Aerospace Ce
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EVENTS Up to now the fair has been
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ACRONYMS 6 List of Acronyms AMES AO
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ACRONYMS SolLab SSPS TCE TOC UAB UA
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Annual Report 2006 - Plataforma Solar de AlmerÃa