Ecological Transport Information Tool for Worldwide ... - Schenker

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Page 10 IFEU Heidelberg, Öko-Institut, IVE, RMCON different locomotives and train configurations. However, the observed differences in the average energy consumption are not significant enough to be established statistically with certainty. Furthermore, within the scope of this project it was not possible to determine specific values for railway transport for all countries. Therefore a country specific differentiation of the specific energy consumption of cargo trains was not carried out. Sea and inland ship For ocean-going vessels a different approach was taken because of the international nature of their activity. The emissions for sea ships were derived from a database containing the globally registered and active ships /Lloyds 2009/. For each intercontinental (e.g. North America to Europe) or major inter-regional (North-America to South-America) trade lane the common size of deployed ships was analyzed, using schedules from ocean carriers. The trade-lane specific emission factors where then aggregated from the global list using the trade lane specific vessel sizes. Figure 2 shows the connected world regions and the definition of EcoTransIT World marine trade-lanes. The considered regions are NA – North Amerika, LA – South Amerika, EU – Europe, AF – Afrika, AS – Asia and OZ – Ozeanien Figure 2; EcoTransIT World division of the world oceans and definition of major trade lanes. For inland ships the differentiation was only made between two size classes based on the UNECE code for Inland waterways /UNECE 1996/. European rivers were categorized in two size classes (smaller class V and class V and higher) and vessels were allocated to those classes according to the ability of navigating on those rivers. For North America the class V and higher was used. No data was available for particular specifications for inland ships in other world regions than Europe and North America. EcoTransIT World assumes the deployment inland vessels comparable to class V and larger on all other relevant inland waterways. It is assumed that differences may exist with regard to fuel sulphur levels, but that energy consumption data likely apply to those regions as well. Overall only a minor role of inland shipping is assumed for regions other than Europe and North America justifying the generalisation. EcoTransIT World: Methodology and Data – July 15 th , 2010
IFEU Heidelberg, Öko-Institut, IVE, RMCON Page 11 Overview of country and mode specific parameters The following table summarizes all country or region and mode specific parameter. Table 4 Parameter characterisation Road Rail Inland Ship Sea Ship Country/region specific parameter Fuel specifications: - Sulfur content - Carbon content - Share biofuels Emission regulation Topography Available vehicles (heavy vehicles allowed?) Default vehicles for long-distance/feeder Exhaust emission factors for diesel traction (NOx, NMVOC, PMexhaust, N2O, CH4 Fuel specifications: - Sulfur content - Carbon content - Share biofuels Energy and emission factors of upstream process Topography Available train types (heavy trains allowed?) Default vehicles for long-distance/feeder European and North American fuel specification. Inland ship size classes. River classification according to the European system. Differentiation between at-sea and in-port emissions. Categorization of major trade lanes. Fuel specification differentiated for global trade, for trade within Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA) and for engine activity within ports according to legislative requirements.. Mode specific parameter Truck types: - Final energy consumption - Emission factors (NOx, NMVOC, PM, N2O, CH4 ) Train weight and energy carrier: Final energy consumption (functions) Final energy consumption Emission factors (NOx, NMVOC, PM, N2O, CH4 ) Vessel size classes Type of vessels Bulk and containerized transport Vessel types by: - Bulk and container vessels. - Size-class - Aggregated for trade-lanes. - Special locations (SECA) Final energy consumption Reduced speed adjustment option Emission factors (NOx, NMVOC, PM, N2O, CH4 ) Aircraft - Aircraft type: - Final energy consumption - Emission factors (NOx, NMVOC, PM, N2O, CH4 ) EcoTransIT World: Methodology and Data – July 15 th , 2010
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