Ecological Transport Information Tool for Worldwide ... - Schenker

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Page 32 IFEU Heidelberg, Öko-Institut, IVE, RMCON Figure 6 Comparison of actual trip distance and great circle distance /Kettunen et al. 2005/ The maximum reachable distance is defined by the largest air plane type (Boing 747-400). If the distance between two airports is larger than the airplane can reach the route will not be found. This can happen e.g. if the user wants to calculated a trip from New York to Sydney. In the expert mode the user of EcoTransIT have to insert a stopover airport. To avoid this problem in the standard mode a long haul plane (Boeing747-400) is included in EcoTransIT that has no flight limit. If the distance is more than 8,230 kilometers by freighter (maximum distance of the Boeing 747-400 freighter) at half flight distance a theoretical stopover will be added. Thus the route will be enlarged by using this extra via point. If the distance is more than 16,460 kilometers two stopovers will be simulated (the route will be separated into three equal legs. 4.6 Sea ship routing A sea ship normally takes the direct and shortest way between two harbors, although often deviates slightly from direct routes due to weather and ocean drift conditions. Therefore a very large and flexible network is needed. The solution of this request is a huge amount of so called sea nodes, which were placed everywhere in the world close to the coast or around islands. Every sea node is connected with every sea node as long it does not cross a country side. The result of these connections is a sea network on which routes can be found. Additional to this network the canals and certain sea bottle necks, e.g. the Kattegat strait, are included. Every canal and bottle neck has the attributes “maximum dead weight tons” and “maximum TEUs”. This is important to limit the routing to the respective ship type. On other words depending on the loaded TEUs or dead weight tons a ship can use a canal or not. Within the EcoTransIT sea ship network the canals Suez, Panama and North-East-Sea are included. Additionally there are small sea areas like Kattegat strait and the entrance to the Great Lakes, which is close to Montreal. These areas are also handled as canals. Every harbor has a predefined emission area. If start and destination belong to different areas EcoTransIT suggests a ship type suitable for connecting both areas. The emission area EcoTransIT World: Methodology and Data – July 15 th , 2010
IFEU Heidelberg, Öko-Institut, IVE, RMCON Page 33 is also used for a validation if the selected harbor is suitable for the trip. Therefore all harbors are categorized into three levels (small, medium and big harbor). Depending on the category and the emission area the harbor has different distances that can be reached. If e.g. the harbor is categorized as a small harbor it is only possible to reach targets within the same emission area (Intra-continental shipping). Medium or larger harbors can be used for intercontinental shipping. 4.7 Routing inland waterway ship The inland waterway network has attributes for the waterway class. Depending on the ship type waterways with the respective waterway class can be used or not. Whereas the euro barge only can be used on inland waterways upper the class IV (standard European inland waterway), bigger barges need at least waterway class V or higher. Compare also with chapter 5.4.1. 4.8 Definition of sidetrack or harbor available It is also possible to define side tracks and inland waterway edges that are not included in the network yet. In case of the activation EcoTransIT routes on the street network to the next respective location (station at side track and inland harbor at waterway available). This feeder route will then be calculated as the respective transport mode and not as truck. This method is helpful if e.g. the network link to the railway or shipping location is not within the GIS-data but should be calculated with the same transport type. Or if a company has a side track which is not into the GIS-data. EcoTransIT World: Methodology and Data – July 15 th , 2010
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