Ecological Transport Information Tool for Worldwide ... - Schenker

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Page 68 IFEU Heidelberg, Öko-Institut, IVE, RMCON that, larger aircrafts can transport heavier freight than smaller ones. EcoTransIT World includes a wide range of small, medium and large aircrafts covering the whole possible spectrum of ranges and payloads, which is shown in Figure 18. The EcoTransIT model considers only the so-called design range, which is the maximum range when the whole structural payload is utilized /Hünecke 2008/. Beyond this range the payload has to be reduced in the amount of additional fuel needed for the longer flight. Figure 18 Design range and maximum payload of different dedicated air freighters 120 100 Boeing 747-200F Boeing 747-400F MD-11 Max. Payload in tons 80 60 40 Boeing 727-200F Airbus 300-600F DC-10-30F DC-8-73F Boeing 767-300F Airbus 310-200F Boeing 757-200F 20 Boeing 737-200C DC-9-30F Tu-154S BAe 146-300QTF Boeing 737-700C 0 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 Design Range in km Furthermore, EcoTransIT provides only aircrafts suitable for the flight distance between selected airports. If the trip distance is long, only those aircrafts are offered that are able to fly this distance. The longer flight, the fewer the types of aircrafts provided (see Figure 18). Additionally the aircrafts are distinguished between dedicated freighter and passenger aircrafts. Table 42 gives an overview of the selected aircrafts as well as their design ranges, maximum payloads and number of typical seats (only for passenger aircrafts). The characteristics of all freighter and passenger aircrafts included in EcoTransIT are available in Table 59 in the annex. In the expert modus of EcoTransIT World, all aircraft types are available and may be chosen by the user. EcoTransIT World: Methodology and Data – July 15 th , 2010
IFEU Heidelberg, Öko-Institut, IVE, RMCON Page 69 Table 42 Characteristics of selected aircrafts Type Distance Group Type of aircraft Aircraft code Design Range (km) Max. Payload (t) Typical Seats (number) Freighter Short haul Boeing 737-200C B732F 2,240 17.3 Freighter Medium Haul Boeing 767-300F B763F 6,025 53.7 Freighter Long haul Boeing 747-400F B744F 8,230 112.6 Belly Freight Short haul Fokker 100 F100 3,170 1.0 85 Belly Freight Medium Haul Boeing 757-200 B752 7,222 4 200 Belly Freight Long haul Boeing 747-400 B744 13,450 14 416 Sources: Lang 2007; Lufthansa Cargo 2007.. As mentioned mainly high value volume or perishable goods are shipped by air freight and the permissible maximum weight is limited. Therefore only the category volume goods is included within the EcoTransIT World tool. Other types of goods (bulk, average) are not available. The load factors used for volume goods differentiated by short, medium and long haul are contained in chapter 3.2.3. 5.5.2 Energy consumption and emission factors Specific energy consumption and emissions of air cargo transportation depend heavily on the length of the flight. This is caused by different energy needs in different phases of flight. For example the take-off has the highest specific energy demand. Its share of the total flight obviously declines as the length of the flight increases. Hence EcoTransIT World contains fuel consumption and emission data of each airplane including their flight distance dependence. Furthermore, energy consumption and emissions depend on utilization of the capacity of aircrafts (load factor). Whereas this dependency is considered by road transport, this was not able for aircrafts due to lack of available data. But the possible error is small and from there justifiable. The basis of fuel consumption and emission data is the CORINAIR Emission Inventory Guidebook /EEA 2006/. This guidebook includes detailed information of fuel burned as well as NOx and HC emissions associated with discrete mission distances and for approximately 20 different turbojet aircraft types. The CORINAIR database uses modelled data derived from the aircraft performance model PIANO3. The data of the CORINAIR Guidebook was applied in different emission calculation tools and handbooks /ICAO 2008, DEFRA 2008/ and it is also used for EcoTransIT World. In this context, it has to be taken into account that the CORINAIR data is based on an average fleet. The calculated values may be 10% below or above the real fuel consumption and emissions of individual aircrafts connecting a concrete city pair /ICAO 2008/. Although most air carriers have detailed information of their fuel consumption and emissions, this data is not made available to the public. Thus the CORINAIR data is the best publicly available data source for the purpose of EcoTransIT World. Table 43 shows CORINAIR energy consumptions for aircrafts selected for the standard modus of EcoTransIT relating to discrete travel distances. Fuel data of other aircrafts covered by EcoTransIT can be found in Table 59 in the annex. Since CORINAIR database contains only EcoTransIT World: Methodology and Data – July 15 th , 2010
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Ecological Transport Information Tool for Worldwide ... - Schenker

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