REFERENCES 334 Botros, A., Smith, J. & Wolfe, J. (2006), ‘The Virtual <strong>Flute</strong>: an advanced fingering guide generated via machine intelligence’, Journal <strong>of</strong> New Music Research 35(3), 183–96. Brass, D. & Locke, A. (1997), ‘The effect <strong>of</strong> the evanescent wave upon acoustic <strong>measurement</strong>s in the human ear canal’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101(4), 2164–75. Bruneau, A. M. (1987), ‘An acoustic impedance sensor with two reciprocal transducers’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 81(4), 1168–78. Caussé, R., Kergomard, J. & Lurton, X. (1984), ‘Input impedance <strong>of</strong> brass musical instruments— comparison between experiment <strong>and</strong> numerical models’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 75(1), 241–54. Chung, J. Y. & Blaser, D. A. (1980a), ‘Transfer function method <strong>of</strong> measuring acoustic intensity in a duct system with flow’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68(6), 1570–7. Chung, J. Y. & Blaser, D. A. (1980b), ‘Transfer function method <strong>of</strong> measuring in-duct acoustic properties. I. Theory’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68(3), 907–13. Chung, J. Y. & Blaser, D. A. (1980c), ‘Transfer function method <strong>of</strong> measuring in-duct acoustic properties. II. Experiment’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68(3), 914–21. Coltman, J. W. (1966), ‘Resonance <strong>and</strong> sounding frequencies <strong>of</strong> the flute’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 40(1), 98–107. Coltman, J. W. (1968a), ‘Acoustics <strong>of</strong> the flute’, Physics Today 21(11), 25–33. Coltman, J. W. (1968b), ‘Sounding mechanism <strong>of</strong> the flute <strong>and</strong> organ pipe’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 44(4), 983–92. Coltman, J. W. (1971), ‘Effect <strong>of</strong> material on flute tone quality’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 49(2), 520–3. Coltman, J. W. (1979), ‘Acoustical analysis <strong>of</strong> the Boehm flute’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 65(2), 499–506. Coltman, J. W. (1998), ‘The John W. Coltman archive’, . Viewed 10 March 2007. Cramer, O. (1993), ‘The variation <strong>of</strong> the specific heat ratio <strong>and</strong> the speed <strong>of</strong> sound in air with temperature, pressure, humidity, <strong>and</strong> CO 2 concentration’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93(5), 2510–16. Dalmont, J.-P. (2001a), ‘Acoustic impedance <strong>measurement</strong>, Part I: A review’, J. Sound Vib. 243(3), 427–39. Dalmont, J.-P. (2001b), ‘Acoustic impedance <strong>measurement</strong>, Part II: A new calibration method’, J. Sound Vib. 243(3), 441–59. Dalmont, J.-P., Nederveen, C. J., Dubos, V., Ollivier, S., Meserette, V. & te Sligte, E. (2002), ‘Experimental determination <strong>of</strong> the equivalent circuit <strong>of</strong> an open side hole: linear <strong>and</strong> nonlinear behaviour’, Acustica – acta acustica 88(4), 567–75. Dalmont, J.-P., Nederveen, C. J. & Joly, N. (2001), ‘Radiation impedance <strong>of</strong> tubes with different flanges: Numerical <strong>and</strong> experimental investigations’, J. Sound Vib. 244(3), 505–34. Dauvois, M., Boutillon, X., Fabre, B. & Verge, M.-P. (1998), ‘Son et musique au paléolithique’, Pour La Science 253, 52–58. Dick, R. (1999), ‘Why I love the Cooper scale’, . Viewed 2 June 2007. Donne, J. (1971), The Complete English Poems, ed. A. J. Smith, Penguin Books.
REFERENCES 335 Dubos, V., Kergomard, J., Khettabi, A., Dalmont, J.-P., Keefe, D. H. & Nederveen, C. J. (1999), ‘Theory <strong>of</strong> sound propagation in a duct with a branched tube using modal decomposition’, Acustica – acta acustica 85(2), 153–69. Elliott, S., Bowsher, J. & Watkinson, P. (1982), ‘Input <strong>and</strong> transfer response <strong>of</strong> brass wind instruments’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72(6), 1747–60. Fabre, B. & Hirschberg, A. (2000), ‘Physical modeling <strong>of</strong> flue instruments: A review <strong>of</strong> lumped models’, Acta Acustica 86(4), 599–610. Fletcher, N. H. (1975), ‘Acoustical correlates <strong>of</strong> flute performance technique’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 57(1), 233–7. Fletcher, N. H. (1976), ‘Jet-drive mechanism in organ pipes’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60(2), 481–3. Fletcher, N. H. & Rossing, T. D. (1998), The Physics <strong>of</strong> Musical Instruments, 2nd edn, Springer- Verlag New York, Inc. Fletcher, N. H., Smith, J., Tarnopolsky, A. Z. & Wolfe, J. (2005), ‘Acoustic impedance <strong>measurement</strong>s—correction for probe geometry mismatch’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 117(5), 2889– 95. Fletcher, N. H., Strong, W. J. & Silk, R. K. (1982), ‘Acoustical characterization <strong>of</strong> flute head joints’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 71(5), 1255–60. Fletcher, N. H. & Thwaites, S. (1979), ‘Wave propagation on an acoustically perturbed jet’, Acustica 42(5), 323–34. Fletcher, N. H. & Thwaites, S. (1983), ‘The physics <strong>of</strong> organ pipes’, Scientific American 248(1), 84–93. Fredberg, J. J., Wohl, M. E. B., Glass, G. M. & Dorkin, H. L. (1980), ‘Airway area by acoustic reflections measured at the mouth’, J. Appl. Physiol. 48(5), 749–58. Fritz, C. & Wolfe, J. (2005), ‘How do clarinet players adjust the resonances <strong>of</strong> their vocal tracts for different playing effects?’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 118(5), 3306–15. Giacomo, P. (1982), ‘Equation for the determination <strong>of</strong> the density <strong>of</strong> moist air’, Metrologia 18(1), 33–40. Gibiat, V. & Laloë, F. (1990), ‘Acoustical impedance <strong>measurement</strong>s by the two-microphonethree-calibration (TMTC) method’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 88(6), 2533–45. Jang, S.-H. & Ih, J.-G. (1998), ‘On the multiple microphone method for measuring in-duct acoustic properties in the presence <strong>of</strong> mean flow’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 103(3), 1520–6. Keefe, D. H. (1982a), ‘Experiments on the single woodwind tone hole’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72(3), 688–99. Keefe, D. H. (1982b), ‘Theory <strong>of</strong> the single woodwind tone hole’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72(3), 676– 87. Keefe, D. H. (1984), ‘Acoustical wave propagation in cylindrical ducts: transmission line parameter approximations for isothermal <strong>and</strong> nonisothermal boundary conditions’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 75(1), 58–62. Keefe, D. H. (1990), ‘Woodwind air column models’, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 88(1), 35–51.
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To Renée iii
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v I am grateful to my parents, Ross
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vii Contents Dedication . . . . . .
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1 Chapter I Introduction The world
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3 Figure 1.
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 5 Figure 1.
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 9 construct
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CHAPTER 2. THEORY AND LITERATURE RE
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D4 E4 F4 F#4 G4 G#4 A4 A#4 B4 C5 C#
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