Weeki Wachee River System Recommended Minimum Flows and ...

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Figure 2-5 1970s Aerial with 1999 Urban Areas Shaded Red 2.1.2 Hydrogeologic Setting The following recent synopsis of the Weeki Wachee Springs System was prepared by M. Hill (2007) for the Karst Research Group at the University of South Florida. The Weeki Wachee Spring Group is located in southwestern Hernando County and has a cumulative discharge of over 200 ft3/sc (6 m3/s; Champion and Starks, 2001). It is unique relative to other first magnitude spring groups in the SWFWMD in that it consists of the fewest number of vents, has large explorable conduit systems, and data from the 1930's. Two of the vents, Weeki Wachee Main and Twin Dees discharge freshwater and [are] not tidally influenced. Salt, Mud, and Jenkins, which are located a few miles west of Weeki Wachee Main and Twin Dees, discharge brackish water and are tidally influenced. Little is known about the water quality of a sixth vent indentified as 831-237-A (Wetterhall, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Proposed Minimum Flows and Levels for Weeki Wachee River Page 18 of 164 Watershed Characteristics
1965) or Unnamed Spring No. 3 (Rosenau et al. 1977). However, the presence of bacterial deposits associated with transition zones suggests that discharge is brackish. Weeki Wachee Main and Twin Dees are paleo sinkholes that transitioned to points of discharge as sea level rose. Divers describe the main vent at Weeki Wachee as a narrow vertical fracture which opens into a large room at a depth of approximately 150-205 ft (46-62 m) bls (Sinclair, 1978; Jones et al., 1997). Two passages exiting the large room were identified, but their trends were not indicated. Divers report more water appears to be exiting the room through the two passages rather than through the fracture leading to the main vent (Jones et al., 1997). Weeki Wachee Spring discharges from the bottom of a conical depression with gentle side slopes. The spring measures 165 ft (50.3 m) east to west and 210 ft (64 m) north to south. . . . Twin Dees (aka Little Spring) is approximately 3000 ft (914 m) southwest of Weeki Wachee Main. Discharge varies from zero to second magnitude at Twin Dees. Discharge is significantly lower than Weeki Wachee Main, however this relatively small spring is fed by a large conduit system with rooms that exceed 100 ft (30 m) in diameter. Divers have mapped an extensive conduit system at Twin Dees. Cave maps suggest that the geometry of the system has been influenced by both fracture sets and bedding. . . . Two vents exist at Twin Dees, but one vent, according to divers has been plugged for some time. Freshwater discharges from Twin Dees, but cave divers have identified the influx of brackish water at various locations in the conduit system (Champion and Starks, 2001). The region surrounding Weeki Wachee Springs can be characterized as a karst terrain with internal drainage. . . . Anecdotal evidence suggests that a high degree of connection may exist among south-southeast trending conduits and Weeki Wachee Main. On or around March 19, 1976, Weeki Wachee Main became cloudy allegedly due to collapse of a conduit below Crescent Lake, which is approximately 1.6 miles southeast of the vent. . . . It has long been suspected that Weeki Wachee Main and Twin Dees are hydraulically connected. Geochemically, the discharge is very similar from the two vents. Natural tracer studies are currently in progress to evaluate response time fro the springs. 2.1.3 History The modern recorded history of Weeki Wachee appears to begin in the early 1800's. A chronology of maps is available 5 covering the period 1776 – 1953. Although the name 5 http://fivay.org/hpicts.html ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Proposed Minimum Flows and Levels for Weeki Wachee River Page 19 of 164 Watershed Characteristics
Page 1: Weeki Wachee River System Recommend
Page 4 and 5: Conversion Table Metric to U.S. Cus
Page 6 and 7: 5.2 FISH ..........................
Page 8 and 9: Figure 3-2 Location of Bathymetric
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Rule-of-Th
Page 12 and 13: Table 8-1 Summary of Weeki Wachee M
Page 14 and 15: Executive Summary Minimum Flows and
Page 16 and 17: CHAPTER 1 - PURPOSE & BACKGROUND OF
Page 18 and 19: 1) flood flows that determine the b
Page 20 and 21: the area." What constitutes "signif
Page 22 and 23: Table 1-1 Rule-of-Thumb Estimates f
Page 24 and 25: this report identifies specific res
Page 26 and 27: 1.6 Content of Remaining Chapters I
Page 28 and 29: CHAPTER 2 - WATERSHED CHARACTERISTI
Page 30 and 31: # # # circular vent 1.8 meters in d
Page 34 and 35: is a variation of the Seminole word
Page 36 and 37: Figure 2-6 Hurricane Tracks near Ba
Page 38 and 39: varied by period. The variation was
Page 40 and 41: 2.3.2 Baseline Period Figure 2-10 i
Page 42 and 43: found (ktau p=0.06) between total g
Page 44 and 45: similarly across the springsheds ex
Page 46 and 47: Figure 2-15 Wavelet Filtered Discha
Page 48 and 49: Figure 2-16 INTB Groundwater Model
Page 50 and 51: 2.6 Seasonal Blocks As described in
Page 52 and 53: Table 2-6 Median (cfs) Flow by Bloc
Page 54 and 55: # # # Surface waters in this stretc
Page 56 and 57: 3.1.3 Segmentation Segmentation was
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3-5 Dominant SAV and Median
Page 60 and 61: Figure 3-6 Sediment Characteristics
Page 62 and 63: Figure 3-7 Shoreline / Buffer Veget
Page 64 and 65: CHAPTER 4 - TIDE, SALINITY & WATER
Page 66 and 67: Two additional harmonic pairs were
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4-5. Median Bottom Salinity
Page 70 and 71: Figure 4-7 Salinity Range (1984-200
Page 72 and 73: uncovering in response to strong wi
Page 74 and 75: E) Salinity = β o + β 1 *Flow 2 +
Page 76 and 77: Additional exploratory attempts usi
Page 78 and 79: 86 = 186 cfs, SWFWMD 1994-96 = 167
Page 80 and 81: A regression of the form below was
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Table 4-8 Median Water Quality of W
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Figure 4-10 Nitrate Concentration a
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CHAPTER 5 - BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIST
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Figure 5-1 Principal Component Anal
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measured volume sampled which was t
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5.2.2 Relation to inflow Response t
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Table 5-7 Location Response (km u )
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Table 5-9 Abundance Response to Inf
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animals can survive chronic exposur
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Figure 5-3 Number of Aerial Manatee
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Figure 5-5(a) Molluscan Presence /
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Table 5-11 Rank Order of Mollusc Ab
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Figure 5-5 Polymesoda caroliniana A
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Figure 6-1 Plankton Tow Flows Compa
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In application, a baseline area and
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6.1.4 Benthos Protection for benthi
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Figure 6-3. Location of the Three P
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7.2 Manatee Approach Establishing a
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Figure 7-2 Joint Probability of Occ
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Figure 7-3 Maximum Day Manatee Usag
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Figure 7- 6 Example Calculations fo
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Figure 7- 7 Estimation of Flow Redu
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Figure 7-8. Summary Results for the
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The reductions in flow that meet th
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probably accounts in part for the d
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Postel, S. and B.Richter. 2003. Riv
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Stanford, J.A., J.V.Ward, W.J. Liss
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Culter, J.K. 1986. Water Chemistry.
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CHAPTER 10 - APPENDICES 10.1 Append
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The wavelet used is the symmlets wa
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explains, the energy plot shows the
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0 if no significant withdrawal Z =
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One advantage of using this regress
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Technical Memorandum January 22, 20
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Lecanto 1 & 2 #S Well Site Descript
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Figure 4. HSPF subbasins in the INT
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Most of the limestone mines located
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3.1.3 Septic Tank Recharge in the S
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Figure 10. Groundwater grid in the
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Basso, R.J., 2004, Hydrogeologic Se
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10.2 Appendices - Chapter 3 Appendi
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10.3 Appendices - Chapter 4 Appendi
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Appendix 4-2 Data Sources Water qua
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Appendix 4-3 Water Quality Trend Gr
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Water Quality Trend Graphics, conti
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United States Department of the Int
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October 8,2008 Florida Fish and Wil
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Martin Kelly, Ph.D. Page 3 October
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Scientific Peer Review of the Propo
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Determining a low flow need during
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Current state water policy, as expr
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Spring, Twin Dees Spring and possib
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under varying flow regimes. The fir
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Weeki Wachee Rainfall, Springflow a
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6.0 Discharge:Precipitation (cfs/in
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Nevertheless, a major concern with
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system grid is not totally orthogon
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In a hydrodynamic model study, one
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analysis was rather cursory. The Di
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(taxa) richness in the WWRS. If the
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Freshwater Habitats Approximately 1
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ERRATA and EDITORIAL COMMENTS Page
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Page Paragraph Line Comment 14 Some
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Page Paragraph Line Comment 21 The
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Page Paragraph Line Comment 26 The
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REFERENCES Alber, M. 2002. A Concep
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Richter, B. D., J. V. Baumgartner,
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the regression equation used to pre
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and the three independent approache
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The Southwest Florida Water Managem
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the model in terms of tides, salini
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Attachment 1 - Comparison of salini
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Figure 1. Predicted drawdown (feet)
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