Weeki Wachee River System Recommended Minimum Flows and ...

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Figure 2-15 Wavelet Filtered Discharge vs. Predicted Discharge Regression Model of Weeki Wachee Flow 235 215 195 Wavelet Filtered Flow Predicted Flow U95 L95 Flow (cfs) 175 155 135 115 95 75 1951 1954 1957 1960 1963 1966 1969 1972 1975 2.5.3 Groundwater Model Estimate 1978 Year 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 An estimate of anthropogenic impacts was derived by modeling discharge in the presence and in the absence of groundwater withdrawals. A number of regional groundwater flow models have included the Weeki Wachee Spring area. Ryder (1982) simulated the entire extent of the Southwest Florida Water Management District. In 1993, the District (SWFWMD, 1993) completed the Northern Tampa Bay groundwater flow model that covered a 2,000 square mile area of Hillsborough, Pinellas, Pasco, and Hernando Counties. In 2002, the USGS simulated the entire Florida peninsula in their Mega Model of regional groundwater flow (Sepulveda 2002). The most recent and advanced simulation of the Weeki Wachee Spring region and surrounding area is the Integrated Northern Tampa Bay model. The construction and calibration of this model was part of a cooperative effort between the SWFWMD and Tampa Bay Water, a regional water utility that operates 11 major wellfields in the area. The Integrated Northern Tampa Bay (INTB) Model covers a 4,000 square-mile area of the Northern Tampa Bay region. Integrated models combine the traditional groundwater flow model with a surface water model and contain an interprocessor code that ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Proposed Minimum Flows and Levels for Weeki Wachee River Page 32 of 164 Watershed Characteristics
links both systems. One of the many advantages of an integrated model is that it simulates the entire hydrologic system. It represents the “state-of-art” tool in assessing changes due to rainfall, drainage alterations, and withdrawals. The model code used is called the Integrated Hydrologic Model (IHM) which combines the HSPF surface water code and the MODFLOW ground-water code using interprocessor software. More details on the application of this model to estimating declines in flow at Weeki Wachee can be found in Appendix 2-2. The INTB model is a regional simulation and has been calibrated to meet global metrics. The model is calibrated using a daily integration step for a transient 10-year period from 1989-1998. Model-wide mean error for all wells in both the surficial and Upper Floridan aquifers is less than 0.2 feet. Mean absolute error was less than two feet for both the surficial aquifer system (SAS) and UFA. Total stream flow and spring flow mean error averaged for the model domain are each less than 10 percent. The INTB was used to assess groundwater impacts resulting from groundwater withdrawals from 110 mgd pumpage within the Northern West-Central Florida Groundwater Basin (NWCFGWB) and 224 mgd pumpage from the Central West- Central Florida Groundwater Basin. The domain of the INTB model is shown in Figure 2-16 and the simulation period was 1993-1998. The model was adjusted to reflect recharge from septic tank leachate and for the non-consumptive groundwater withdrawals associated with mining limestone The results indicate that Weeki Wachee discharge was reduced by an average of 21.2 cfs over the five-year simulation period. A second model (Northern District Model, NDM. Hydrogeologic, 2008) of even greater spatial extent (11,220 mi 2 ) was calibrated to steady-state 1995 and the results compared to pre-development conditions (zero withdrawals). Based on the impacts of the 1995 groundwater withdrawals (450 mgd) over the NDM domain, predicted reduction in the Weeki Wachee Springs discharge was 9.7 cfs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Proposed Minimum Flows and Levels for Weeki Wachee River Page 33 of 164 Watershed Characteristics
Page 1: Weeki Wachee River System Recommend
Page 4 and 5: Conversion Table Metric to U.S. Cus
Page 6 and 7: 5.2 FISH ..........................
Page 8 and 9: Figure 3-2 Location of Bathymetric
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Rule-of-Th
Page 12 and 13: Table 8-1 Summary of Weeki Wachee M
Page 14 and 15: Executive Summary Minimum Flows and
Page 16 and 17: CHAPTER 1 - PURPOSE & BACKGROUND OF
Page 18 and 19: 1) flood flows that determine the b
Page 20 and 21: the area." What constitutes "signif
Page 22 and 23: Table 1-1 Rule-of-Thumb Estimates f
Page 24 and 25: this report identifies specific res
Page 26 and 27: 1.6 Content of Remaining Chapters I
Page 28 and 29: CHAPTER 2 - WATERSHED CHARACTERISTI
Page 30 and 31: # # # circular vent 1.8 meters in d
Page 32 and 33: Figure 2-5 1970s Aerial with 1999 U
Page 34 and 35: is a variation of the Seminole word
Page 36 and 37: Figure 2-6 Hurricane Tracks near Ba
Page 38 and 39: varied by period. The variation was
Page 40 and 41: 2.3.2 Baseline Period Figure 2-10 i
Page 42 and 43: found (ktau p=0.06) between total g
Page 44 and 45: similarly across the springsheds ex
Page 48 and 49: Figure 2-16 INTB Groundwater Model
Page 50 and 51: 2.6 Seasonal Blocks As described in
Page 52 and 53: Table 2-6 Median (cfs) Flow by Bloc
Page 54 and 55: # # # Surface waters in this stretc
Page 56 and 57: 3.1.3 Segmentation Segmentation was
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3-5 Dominant SAV and Median
Page 60 and 61: Figure 3-6 Sediment Characteristics
Page 62 and 63: Figure 3-7 Shoreline / Buffer Veget
Page 64 and 65: CHAPTER 4 - TIDE, SALINITY & WATER
Page 66 and 67: Two additional harmonic pairs were
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4-5. Median Bottom Salinity
Page 70 and 71: Figure 4-7 Salinity Range (1984-200
Page 72 and 73: uncovering in response to strong wi
Page 74 and 75: E) Salinity = β o + β 1 *Flow 2 +
Page 76 and 77: Additional exploratory attempts usi
Page 78 and 79: 86 = 186 cfs, SWFWMD 1994-96 = 167
Page 80 and 81: A regression of the form below was
Page 82 and 83: Table 4-8 Median Water Quality of W
Page 84 and 85: Figure 4-10 Nitrate Concentration a
Page 86 and 87: CHAPTER 5 - BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIST
Page 88 and 89: Figure 5-1 Principal Component Anal
Page 90 and 91: measured volume sampled which was t
Page 92 and 93: 5.2.2 Relation to inflow Response t
Page 94 and 95: Table 5-7 Location Response (km u )
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Table 5-9 Abundance Response to Inf
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animals can survive chronic exposur
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Figure 5-3 Number of Aerial Manatee
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Figure 5-5(a) Molluscan Presence /
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Table 5-11 Rank Order of Mollusc Ab
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Figure 5-5 Polymesoda caroliniana A
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Figure 6-1 Plankton Tow Flows Compa
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In application, a baseline area and
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6.1.4 Benthos Protection for benthi
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Figure 6-3. Location of the Three P
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7.2 Manatee Approach Establishing a
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Figure 7-2 Joint Probability of Occ
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Figure 7-3 Maximum Day Manatee Usag
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Figure 7- 6 Example Calculations fo
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Figure 7- 7 Estimation of Flow Redu
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Figure 7-8. Summary Results for the
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The reductions in flow that meet th
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probably accounts in part for the d
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Postel, S. and B.Richter. 2003. Riv
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Stanford, J.A., J.V.Ward, W.J. Liss
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Culter, J.K. 1986. Water Chemistry.
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CHAPTER 10 - APPENDICES 10.1 Append
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The wavelet used is the symmlets wa
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explains, the energy plot shows the
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0 if no significant withdrawal Z =
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One advantage of using this regress
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Technical Memorandum January 22, 20
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Lecanto 1 & 2 #S Well Site Descript
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Figure 4. HSPF subbasins in the INT
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Most of the limestone mines located
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3.1.3 Septic Tank Recharge in the S
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Figure 10. Groundwater grid in the
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Basso, R.J., 2004, Hydrogeologic Se
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10.2 Appendices - Chapter 3 Appendi
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10.3 Appendices - Chapter 4 Appendi
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Appendix 4-2 Data Sources Water qua
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Appendix 4-3 Water Quality Trend Gr
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Water Quality Trend Graphics, conti
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United States Department of the Int
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October 8,2008 Florida Fish and Wil
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Martin Kelly, Ph.D. Page 3 October
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Scientific Peer Review of the Propo
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Determining a low flow need during
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Current state water policy, as expr
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Spring, Twin Dees Spring and possib
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under varying flow regimes. The fir
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Weeki Wachee Rainfall, Springflow a
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6.0 Discharge:Precipitation (cfs/in
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Nevertheless, a major concern with
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system grid is not totally orthogon
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In a hydrodynamic model study, one
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analysis was rather cursory. The Di
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(taxa) richness in the WWRS. If the
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Freshwater Habitats Approximately 1
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ERRATA and EDITORIAL COMMENTS Page
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Page Paragraph Line Comment 14 Some
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Page Paragraph Line Comment 21 The
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Page Paragraph Line Comment 26 The
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REFERENCES Alber, M. 2002. A Concep
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Richter, B. D., J. V. Baumgartner,
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the regression equation used to pre
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and the three independent approache
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The Southwest Florida Water Managem
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the model in terms of tides, salini
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Attachment 1 - Comparison of salini
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Figure 1. Predicted drawdown (feet)
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