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A Low-Visibility Force Multiplier Launchers Cruise missile launchers are designed, developed, and produced by the 8359 Research Institute, also known as the Beijing Institute of Special Machinery [ 北京特种机械研究所 ]. Established in 1981, the institute is an integrated R&D and production center located in Beijing’s Haidian District and employs 700 personnel. 14 Final Assembly The Third Academy 159 Factory, also known as the Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Factory [ 北京星航机电设备厂 ], is responsible for final cruise missile assembly. Covering 350,000 square meters and employing more than 1,500 people, the 159 Factory is located in the primary cruise missile complex in Yungang. 15 Table B.1 shows important departments, institutes, and factories. 106
Appendix B Table B.1. China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC, formerly China Aerospace Machine and Electronic Corporation) Suborgans 3 rd Department 北京机电工程研究所三院三部 31 st Research Institute Beijing Power Machinery Institute 北京动力机械研究所 33 rd Research Institute Beijing Institute of Automated Control Equipment 北京自动化控制设备研究所 35 th Research Institute 北京华航无线电测量研究所 303 rd Research Institute 北京振兴计量测试研究所 304 th Research Institute 北京京航计算通讯研究所 306 th Research Institute 北京特种材料及应用研究所 310 th Research Institute 北京海鹰科技情报研究所 8357 th Research Institute 津航计算机通讯研究所 8358 Research Institute 天津津航技术物理研究所 Established in 1960, the 3 rd Department is China’s leading cruise missile design and industrial planning organization. Also responsible for conceptual design and preliminary research for most of China’s cruise missile systems, it has at least 14 offices dedicated toward various specialties. As of July 2010, the 3 rd Department director is Gao Wenkun [ 高文坤 ]. 1 Established in 1957, the 31 st Research Institute is responsible for design and development of cruise missile engines. The design department is located on Yungang West Road in Beijing’s Fengtai District. Overseeing the Institute’s overall engine design work is Director Zhao Wensheng [ 赵文胜 ]. As the Institute’s senior engineer, Zheng Riheng [ 郑日恒 ], a graduate of the UK’s Leeds and Cambridge Universities, is a leading figure in designing China’s future cruise missile engines. 2 Established in 1965, the Institute designs, develops, and tests cruise missile-related navigation, guidance, and control systems. The Institute is located on Xili Road, Yungang North District, Beijing. Since at least 2009, the Institute has been directed by Zheng Xin [ 郑辛 ]. Deputy directors include Gu Li [ 谷栗 ] and Yang Xingwen [ 杨兴文 ]. 3 Established in April 1986 and located adjacent to the Third Academy 239 Factory in Beijing’s Dongcheng District, the 35 th Research Institute specializes in radar and electro-optical seekers and image processing equipment. Responsible for testing and standardization of components and subassemblies used in Third Academy cruise missile products. Established in 1987, the 304 th Research Institute is the Third Academy’s primary information systems management organization, including software development. The Institute is located in the Beijing district of Yungang. The 306 th Research Institute was established in June 2002, primarily to support the 3 rd Department and the 159 Factory (cruise missile final assembly) in composite material design. With more than 150 employees, the Institute specializes in structural composite materials, and was recently awarded contract as consultant and/or supplier for COMAC’s large commercial aircraft program. Located in Yungang in Beijing’s Fengtai District, the Institute is directed by Ma Rongping [ 马荣萍 ]. Provides research, analysis, and publication services to Third Academy entities. With 420 employees and located in Tianjin, the 8357 th Research Institute was established in 1966. It develops automated control systems, on-board computers, and automated target recognition (ATR) systems. The Institute is located in Tianjin’s North District. Located in Tianjin’s Nankai District, the 8358 Institute conducts opto-electronics-related R&D, including infrared and laser-related guidance, as well as ATR processing technology. Its director is Wu Zhixin [ 吴志新 ]. 107
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A Low-Visibility Force Multiplier A
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A Low-Visibility Force Multiplier
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The ideas expressed in this study a
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Illustrations FIGURES 1. Elements o
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Foreword extensive use of Chinese m
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Abbreviations A2/AD AAM AAW AESA AI
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Abbreviations PGM PLA PLAAF PLAN PN
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Executive Summary • Employed in s
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Executive Summary number of critica
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— 1 — Institutional and Organiz
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Cruise Missile Programs China has t
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Cruise Missile Programs A second ap
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AP/Wide World Photos AP/Wide World
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YJ-62 ASCM being launched by transp
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— 2 — Characteristics and Capab
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Antiship Cruise Missiles may be lau
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Antiship Cruise Missiles Type Manuf
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Antiship Cruise Missiles Figure 2.1
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Antiship Cruise Missiles The PLAN
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— 4 — Cruise Missile Platforms
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Cruise Missile Platforms [are] arme
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Cruise Missile Platforms surface fo
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Cruise Missile Platforms Table 4.2.
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Cruise Missile Platforms China’s
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Cruise Missile Platforms hitting th
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Page 89 and 90: Cruise Missile Employment Doctrine
Page 101 and 102: the theoretical stage. 6 Factors th
Page 105 and 106: — 6 — Emerging Roles and Capabi
Page 107 and 108: Roles and Capabilities to Contribut
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Page 125 and 126: Appendix A History of Chinese Cruis
Page 127 and 128: Appendix A Long 1 (Flying Dragon),
Page 129 and 130: Appendix B Overview of China Aerosp
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Page 135 and 136: Appendix B Table B.2. CASIC Facilit
Page 137 and 138: Appendix B Entity Name Affiliation
Page 139 and 140: Appendix C Performance Parameters o
Page 141 and 142: Appendix C Sources 1 This table dra
Page 143 and 144: Appendix D Excerpts Pertaining to C
Page 145 and 146: Appendix D power of the missile for
Page 147 and 148: Appendix D Strike enemy cruise miss
Page 149 and 150: Appendix D Operations to Resist the
Page 151: Appendix D Chapter 32: The Second A
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A Low-Visibility Force Multiplier A
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A Low-Visibility Force Multiplier 1
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About the Authors Dr. Andrew S. Eri
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China’s military modernization in
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