HY US 01 Introduction.qxp - Hydrotech

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Conversion Factors Multiply by To Obtain Multiply by To Obtain Microns 10 -6 Meters 0.001 Millimeters 0.03937 Mils Miles 160,934 Centimeters 5280 Feet 63,360 Inches 1,609 Kilometers 1760 Yards 80 Chains 320 Rods 0.8684 Nautical Miles Millibars 0.000987 Atmosphere Milligrams 0.001 Grams 0.01543 Grains Pounds 16 Ounces 256 Drams 7000 Grains 0.0005 Tons (short) 453.5924 Grams 1.21528 Pounds (troy) 14.5833 Ounces (troy) Pounds of water at 62°F 0.01604 Cubic feet 27.72 Cubic inches 0.120 Gallons (US) Pounds/square inch 0.068044 Atmospheres 2.30934 Feet of water at 62°F 2.0630 Inches of Hg at 32°F 703.067 Kilograms/square meter 27.912 Inches of water at 62°F Milligrams/liter 1 Parts/million Millimeters 0.1 Centimeters 0.03937 Inches 39.37 Mils 1000 Microns Ounces (fluid) 1.805 Cubic inches 0.02957 Liters 29.57 Cubic centimeters 0.25 Gills Parts/million 0.0584 Grains/gallon (US) 0.07016 Grains/gallon (Imp) 8.345 Pounds/million gal (US) Pints (liq. US) 4 Gills 16 Ounces (fluid) 0.5 Quarts (liq. US) 28.875 Cubic inches 473.1 Cubic centimeters Quarts (liq. US) 2 Pints (liq. US) 0.9463 Liters 32 Ounces (fluid) 57.75 Cubic inches 946.3 Cubic centimeters Tons of water/24 hours at 62°F 83.33 Pounds of water/hour 0.16510 Gallons (US)/minute 1.3263 Cubic feet/hour Yards 91.44 Centimeters 3 Feet 36 Inches 0.9144 Meters 0.1818 Rods Hydrotech 305
Water Conditioning Glossary Absorption - The process in which one substance is taken into the body of another substance, termed the absorbent. An example is the absorption of water into soil. Acid - A substance which releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Most acids will dissolve the common metals and will react with a base to form a neutral salt and water. Activated Carbon - A granular material usually produced by the roasting of cellulose base substances, such as wood or coconut shells, in the absence of air. It has a very porous structure and is used in water conditioning as an adsorbent of organic matter and certain dissolved gases. Sometimes called “activated charcoal.” Adsorption - The process in which matter adheres to the surface of the adsorbent. Aeration - The process in which air is brought into intimate contact with water, often by spraying water through air or by bubbling air through water. Aeration may be used to add oxygen to the water for oxidation of matter such as iron or to cause the release of dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide from the water. Alkalinity - The quantitative capacity of a water or water solution to neutralize an acid. It is usually measured by titration with a standard acid solution of sulfuric acid and expressed in terms of its calcium carbonate equivalent. Anion - A negatively charged ion in solution such as bicarbonate, chloride or sulfate. Anion Exchange - An ion exchange process in which anions in solution are exchanged for other anions from an ion exchanger. In demineralization, for example, bicarbonate, chloride and sulfate anions are removed from solution in exchange for a chemically equivalent number of hydroxide anions from the anion exchange resin. Aquifer - A layer or zone below the surface of the earth which is capable of yielding a significant volume of water. Atom - The smallest particle of an element that can exist either alone or in combination with smaller particles of the same element or of a different element. Attrition - The process in which solids are worn down or ground down by friction, often between particles of the same material. Filter media and ion exchange materials are subject to attrition during backwashing, regeneration and service. Backwash - The process in which beds of filter or ion exchange media are subjected to flow opposite to service flow direction to loosen the bed and to flush suspended matter collected during the service run to waste. Bacteria - Unicellular micro-organisms which typically reproduce by cell division. Although usually classed as plants, bacteria contain no chlorophyll. Bacteriostatic - A feature of a carbon filter that is supposed to inhibit the growth of bacteria within the filter - usually by the addition of silver. Base - A substance which released hydroxyl ions when dissolved in water. Bases react with acids to form a neutral salt and water. Bed - The ion exchange or filter media in a column or other tank or operational vessel. Bed Depth - The height of the ion exchange or filter media in the vessel after preparation for service. Boiling Point - The temperature at which a substance will change from a liquid state to a gaseous or vapor state. Brackish Water - Water containing between 1000 and 1500 mg/l of dissolved solids is generally considered to be brackish. Brine (R.O.) - Same as reject water. One of two streams of fluids generated by a reverse osmosis unit. It contains the impurities removed from the feed water. Brine (Softening) - A strong solution of salt(s), such as sodium chloride, and water used in the regeneration of ion exchange water softeners but also applied to the mixed sodium, calcium and magnesium chloride waste solution from regeneration. Calcium (Ca) - One of the principal elements making up the earth’s crust, the compounds of which when dissolved, make the water hard. The presence of calcium in water is a factor contributing to the formation of scale and insoluble soap curds which are a means of clearly identifying hard water. 306 Hydrotech
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y WaterGroup WATER CONDITIONING PRO
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Facilities Directory United States
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Hydrotech ® , “Your Clear Choice
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Guidelines for Solving Water Proble
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Water Analysis For correct sizing a
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5. Standard Laboratory Tests Total
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Fundamentals of Ion Exchange in Wat
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The Benefits of Hydrotech ® The fo
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Notes 16 Hydrotech
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Assembled Water Softeners - Introdu
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5600 Softeners - Automatic Mechanic
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Specifications - 5600SXT Valve Wate
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5600SXT Softeners - Automatic Elect
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2510 Softeners - Automatic Mechanic
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Specifications - ProFlo SXT Valve W
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ProFlo SXT Softeners - Automatic El
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6700XTR Softeners - Automatic Elect
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Specifications - 7000SXT Valve Wate
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7000 Softeners - Automatic Electron
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9000 Softeners - Twin Alternating E
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Specifications - TMI 9100 Valve Wat
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9100 Softeners - Twin Alternating A
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Specifications - Hot Water Softener
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Notes 46 Hydrotech
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Specifications - 5600 & 2510 Valve
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Iron and Sulfur Filters Additional
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Activated Carbon Filters Unpleasant
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Turbidity (Multi-Media) Filters 251
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Neutralizing Filters Neutralizing f
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Specifications - 2510 Valve Chemica
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Chemical Free Iron Filters Addition
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Air Pump & Retention Tank Assembly
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Water Conditioning Pressure Tanks O
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Water Conditioning Tank Jackets Hyd
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Brine Tanks Brine Tank: Regular Len
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Bottom Stack Distributors These bot
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Tank Closures & Adapters #81039 Tan
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5600SXT - Simple Electronic Control
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ProFlo SXT - High Performance Contr
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7000SXT - High Flow Rate Control Va
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9100SXT - Light Commercial/Resident
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Mazzei Injectors Mazzei injectors (
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Aquafine ® Ion Exchange Resin AQ10
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C-100 E-FM Fine Mesh Softener Resin
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A-520E Macroporous Strong Base Anio
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RED FLINT - Filter Sand & Gravel In
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GreensandPlus Physical Characterist
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Magnesium Oxide & Calcium Carbonate
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GW 12 x 40 Granular Activated Carbo
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KDF ® 55 and 85 Process Media What
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Media Item # Description Quantity W
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Notes 102 Hydrotech
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Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Syst
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Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Syst
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Economy RO Drinking Water Systems E
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Value Faucets The Value Faucets are
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Aquatec - Reverse Osmosis Booster P
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Reverse Osmosis Storage Tanks For C
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Aqua Flo Under Sink Filter Systems
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Bottle-Free Point-of-Use Coolers Th
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Leak Controller The first line of d
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Notes 122 Hydrotech
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PURA ® Ultraviolet Disinfection Sy
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Notes 130 Hydrotech
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Aqua Flo Filters & Cartridges The A
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Aqua Flo Filter Cartridges Aqua Flo
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Aqua Flo Filter Accessories 26007 S
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Pentek ® Filtration Products What
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Slim Line ® Filter Housings #20 Bl
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3G Standard Filter Housings We took
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3G Slim Line ® Standard Filter Hou
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Big Blue ® Filter Housings • Lar
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High Temperature Filter Housings
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ST Series Stainless Steel Filter Ho
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MPST-1 Multi-Purpose Stainless Stee
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UMS-4 BB Housing Skid System • Ca
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Pentek ® Filter Housings Pressure
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Pentek ® Accessories Cartridge Cou
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C Series Dual Purpose Powdered-Acti
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NCP Series Non-Cellulose Carbon-Imp
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CFB-Plus Series Modified Molded Blo
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CFB-PB10 Lead Reduction Modified Mo
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CBC Series Carbon Briquette Cartrid
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CBR2 Series Carbon Briquette Multim
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CEP-10E Series Coconut Based Carbon
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Chloramine Reduction Carbon Cartrid
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CC-10 Series Coconut Shell Granular
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RFC Series Radial Flow Carbon Cartr
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R Series Pleated Polyester Cartridg
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ECP Series Pleated Cellulose Polyes
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P Series Spun Bonded-Polypropylene
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DGD Series Dual-Gradient Density Ca
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Big Blue Polypropylene Wound Cartri
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Quick-Change Filtration Systems •
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Gold In-Line Filtration Systems •
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Sealed In-Line Series • Provide b
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Microguard Membrane Filter Cartridg
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PCC Series Hexametaphosphate Crysta
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PCF Series Mixed Bed Deionization C
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WS Series Water Softener Cartridges
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Notes 204 Hydrotech
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Hot Water Side Stream Filter System
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Absolute Rated POLY-PLEAT Cartridge
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Notes 210 Hydrotech
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Stenner Peristaltic Chemical Feed P
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Series C Electronic Metering Pumps
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Series E Electronic Metering Pumps
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Series E PLUS Electronic Metering P
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Series MP Electronic Metering Pumps
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Chem-Tech Series 100 Metering Pumps
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Retention Tanks The Universal Serie
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Accessories Flow Switches Johnson C
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Chlorination System Installation pH
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Chemical Resistance Guide The follo
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Chemical Resistance Guide COATINGS:
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Pro Solutions Products The followin
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Pro-Softener Mate Softener Mate is
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Pro-Pot Perm Pot Perm is a strong o
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Pro-Ban T Formerly Pro-Citric Acid
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Pro-Poly 4 Poly 4 sequesters iron a
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Res-Up Feeders This programmed feed
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Hach Test Kits Part # Description 4
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Notes 252 Hydrotech
Page 255 and 256: Commercial Products If you haven’
Page 257 and 258: Request for Commercial Bid Sales Ag
Page 259 and 260: FAF SERIES Commercial Water Softene
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Page 265 and 266: TMI SERIES Commercial Water Softene
Page 267 and 268: LCS SERIES Commercial Water Softene
Page 269 and 270: DAF SERIES Commercial Chloride Anio
Page 271 and 272: DAF SERIES Chloride Anion Dealkaliz
Page 273 and 274: Commercial Water Filter Specificati
Page 275 and 276: Commercial Water Filter Engineered
Page 277 and 278: 9000 Control Valve 9000 Features
Page 281 and 282: 2900s Control Valve 2900s Features
Page 285 and 286: 3200NXT Controller The 3200NXT Netw
Page 287 and 288: SXT Controller System Configuration
Page 289 and 290: WGR SERIES Commercial Reverse Osmos
Page 291 and 292: TWS SERIES Storage System Approx Pa
Page 293 and 294: AquaMatic ® Diaphragm Valves The A
Page 295 and 296: Sales & Marketing Materials All bro
Page 297 and 298: Sales & Marketing Materials Our web
Page 299 and 300: Pressure Loss of Water Due to Frict
Page 301 and 302: Pressure Drop per 1000 Feet of Sche
Page 303 and 304: Flow of Water Through PVC and CPVC
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Page 309 and 310: Disinfection - A process in which p
Page 311 and 312: Nanometer - A measure of a waveleng
Page 313 and 314: Notes 312 Hydrotech
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