KRONFELD ON GLIDING AND SOARING.pdf - Lakes Gliding Club

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PROGRESS OF SAILPLANING 335 permitting the glider to be taken to suitable weather conditions within a short time. In this manner Fuchs succeeded on April i5th in working his way along the range right up to Heidelberg, and returning to the place whence he started. The distance covered was twice thirty-six miles, a performance which surely proves the ability of this soaring pilot. Fuchs had taken an active part in the Rhon during the early years of the movement. He had also shown his skill in ordinary motor-driven aeroplanes, but now has taken up gliding again. This rapid succession of individual performances spoke well for the future. In April, Hentschel, a police Lieutenant, had carried out a flight of over eleven hours duration at the Dornberg near Kassel. All of us were convinced that the future would also bring distance flights doubling and trebling the figures achieved hitherto. GroenhofFs ability and skill, as well as his dare-devilry and pertinacity, were known to us all. To those of us who were aware of the fact that he had equipped his machine with blind flying instruments and that in his capacity as pilot of the Rhon-Rossitten Gesellschaft he had carried out towed flights practically every day, it was obvious that the next surprise could be expected from him. The meeting of the members of the German Meteorological stations in Munich provided an occasion for demonstrating towed flights. They were undertaken by the Rhon-Rossitten Gesellschaft, who sent up Groenhoff in the " Fafnir " and Riedel to tow him in the " Flamingo." On May 5th about midday they started at Oberwiesenfeld and worked up to a height of one thousand three hundred and fifty feet. In the rising current below a cloud Groenhoff soared to and fro over and in the vicinity of Munich, reaching heights of nearly six thousand feet. Meanwhile there had appeared in the south a huge perpendicularly banked up formation of clouds threatening a thunderstorm. For the time being Groenhoff flew towards Schleissheim, from where he could see the storm reaching Munich. It was difficult for him to recognize the course of the front of the squall. Anxious not to lose the opportunity of gaining considerable height, Groenhoff without a moment's hesita-
336 KRONFELD ON GLIDING & SOARING tion flew straight into the storm, where he was caught immediately in a very strong up-current. At the same time a terrific hailstorm, accompanied by intermittent squalls, began to make matters serious. The hail pierced the thin top covering of the plane. Hailstones and rainwater accumulated inside the wing. Fortunately Groenhoff managed to get out of the danger zone before his wing had been completely broken up. Growing more careful, he continued to fly in front of the line squall, which had now become plainly defined. In this manner he reached Regensburg, which he passed flying in a northerly direction. Meanwhile he lost touch with the storm, and he was forced to work his way up to a height of six thousand six hundred feet at the crest of a low-lying hill. This enabled him to pick up the storm front again, which now carried him across the " Bohmer Wald." As is usual, the storm abated towards the evening. Groenhoff saw the valley of the Eger beneath him, and having lost height considerably, also in view of the fact that darkness was falling, he decided to land. The latter part of the glide was again fraught with difficulties. Nightfall made it difficult for him to see the country below, and the flying qualities of the machine had been greatly impaired by the damage. Nevertheless a good landing was made, after a flight of eight and a half hours, Groenhoff having covered a distance of one hundred and sixty miles in motorless flight. This effort had shown what could be done, even in flat country, after a towed start, for the Munich aerodrome is situated in the plains of Bavaria. In such places sailplaning had not been thought of before. The towed start permits high efficiency gliders being used from the ordinary aerodrome. This was corroborated by a flight from Berlin to Frankfurt on the Oder, by Fuchs on June 2nd. Fuchs, who had been demonstrating towed flights in Berlin, also started at the right moment in front of a squall. All the way the flight took him over flat country until he came down at Frankfurt on the Oder, a distance of forty-eight miles. About this time I resumed my own gliding activities. Among the sailplane experts who had put up exceptional
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A SorvKXiu OF Tin: ATTIIOK'S VISITS
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Made and Printed in Great Britain b
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vi CONTENTS page A RECORD FLIGHT AB
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viii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS No. Plat
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x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS No. Plate f
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xii LIST OF DIAGRAMS CURRENTS ON HI
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xiv FOREWORD cross-country flight f
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THE STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT 3 "
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1. AN EVENING FLIGHT OVER THE DUNES
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT 5 t
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT 7 i
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT 9 a
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT n t
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT 13
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STORY OF MOTORLESS HUMAN FLIGHT 15
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TllE "t'lIAKLOTTE," A TAILLESS SOAK
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THE HISTORY OF SOARING FLIGHT THE l
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THE HISTORY OF SOARING FLIGHT 19 mu
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THE HISTORY OF SOARING FLIGHT 21 A
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THE HISTORY OF SOARING FLIGHT 23 de
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TIME BRINGS THE ANSWER FEW of the t
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6. OTTO LILIENTHAL, THE "FATHER OF
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TIME BRINGS THE ANSWER 27 work in a
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TIME BRINGS THE ANSWER 29 a hill of
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TIME BRINGS THE ANSWER 31 Not only
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SPEEDIER PROGRESS IN the history of
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S. OTTO LII.IEXTIIAL'S LAST MACHINE
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SPEEDIER PROGRESS 35 The developmen
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SPEEDIER PROGRESS 37 his advanced a
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SPEEDIER PROGRESS 39 to perform suc
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THE WRIGHTS 41 The Wrights calculat
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THE WRIGHTS 43 the brothers made st
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FAMOUS CONTEMPORARIES OTHER men wer
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10. A VIEW OF THE WORKSHOP OF ETRU'
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FAMOUS CONTEMPORARIES 47 only succe
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FAMOUS CONTEMPORARIES 49 to unfores
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FAMOUS CONTEMPORARIES 51 would neve
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FAMOUS CONTEMPORARIES 53 he went to
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12. THE MACHINE BUILT BY KLEMPERER
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TEN YEARS OF COMPETITION & EXPERIEN
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RECORDS 63 succeeded in flying to w
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RECORDS 65 exactly along what lines
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RECORDS 67 and their records. Altho
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RECORDS 69 This feat of endurance w
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15. THE " ESPENLAUB 5 " IN FLIGHT.
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THE LEAN YEARS 71 In the year 1923,
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THE LEAN YEARS 73 interesting on ac
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^ ?%Vif o ItiJV .J
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THE LEAN YEARS 75 thirteen miles, w
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THE LEAN YEARS 77 to be carried out
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ON THE WAY TO SCIENTIFIC FLYING IN
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flights suggested by Professor Geor
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19. THE FAMOUS AIRCRAFT DESKJXEK, F
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ON THE WAY TO SCIENTIFIC FLYING 83
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22. NEHRING, A VERITABLE MASTER IN
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ON THE WAY TO SCIENTIFIC FLYING sti
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OUR EFFORTS REWARDED 91 The most im
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OUR EFFORTS REWARDED 93 From time t
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','4 THE "HAPACE." A FRENCH SOAKER
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OUR EFFORTS REWARDED 95 of an appro
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THE FIRST SIXTY-MILE SOARING FLIGHT
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4 4 At THE AUTHOR'S HKTTRX FROM HIS
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FIRST SIXTY-MILE SOARING FLIGHT 99
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,'30. THE " RnoxfiEisT " (SPIRIT OF
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1,500 0 L-. Facing page 1U4 32. KRO
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 107 and thirt
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 109 five hund
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT flying machin
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 113 me in the
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 115 at the be
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 117 another b
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 119 feet per
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 121 my though
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 123 living ar
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 125 want to w
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 127 near to u
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SOARING PILOTS REPORT 129 three tho
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN I MY RIDE WI
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 133 violentl
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THE PILOT'S SEAT IN THE " WIEN Faci
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 135 Gotha. I
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 137 to funct
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 139 place. T
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 141 unknown
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 143 possibil
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 145 IV SOARI
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SOME FLIGHTS OF MY OWN 147 mingling
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THE GLIDING AND SOARING SCHOOL 149
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NORMAL. FLI&HT! HOW TO STEER -.., F
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HE TURNS TO THE RIGHT* HOW TO STEER
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44. STALLING : THE MOST DANGEROUS F
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CLIMBING PLIGHT OP A MOTOR PLANE. T
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ON THE WAY TO THE "B" TEST 169 " Th
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ON THE WAY TO THE " B " TEST 171 gi
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ON THE WAY TO THE " B " TEST 173 Th
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ON THE WAY TO THE " B " TEST 175 yo
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ON THE WAY TO THE " B " TEST 177 Gr
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THE SOARING COURSE 179 " Must we pu
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THE SOARING COURSE 181 of eight can
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THE ORDINARY CURVE NECESSARY FOR TH
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THE SOARING COURSE 183 nearer to it
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THE SOARING COURSE 185 make several
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6O° 50. Facing page 186 AXIS OF= I
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HIGH PERFORMANCE FLIGHTS THE flight
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HIGH PERFORMANCE FLIGHTS 189 distan
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HIGH PERFORMANCE FLIGHTS 191 down,
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HIGH PERFORMANCE FLIGHTS 193 both p
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a. KROMFHLD Facing page 1 LANDING,
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HIGH PERFORMANCE FLIGHTS 195 lightl
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HIGH PERFORMANCE FLIGHTS 197 accomp
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facing page TTIE PARALLELOGRAM OF V
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LONG DISTANCE SOARING 199 When vari
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LONG DISTANCE SOARING 201 many long
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LONG DISTANCE SOARING 203 planned f
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LONG DISTANCE SOARING 205 extremely
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LONG DISTANCE SOARING 207 The habit
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LONG DISTANCE SOARING 209 Sundays.
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CLOUD AND THUNDERSTORM SOARING 211
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12,000 9,000 I 6,000 3,000 ATTEMPT
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6300 ,•5600 Q£JUD UPWIND SLOPE U
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2i8 KRONFELD ON GLIDING & SOARING F
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING THE metho
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 229 to oc
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tc c t Ci c t- c r th— C/- H K" V
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 231 from
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 233 examp
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62. ESPENLAUB'S GLIDER THAT WAS TOW
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 235 to th
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 237 mater
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 239 weigh
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 241 allow
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 243 exerc
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 245 the h
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64. NORMAL AUTO TOWEU START Facing
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 247 may b
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 249 While
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GO, A STATIONARY MOTOR-WINDLASS Fac
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AUTO AND AEROPLANE TOWING 251 down
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THE CONSTRUCTION OF GLIDING AND SOA
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68. TURNS IN AX AEROPLANE START. IF
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 255 most
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 257 a da
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71. A "ZOGLING" IN THE AIR. NOTE TH
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 259 ing
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 261 soar
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74. THE ELEVATOR. (The Darmstadt Ac
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 263 kind
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 265 even
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 267
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 269 taki
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 273 This
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 275 *^ r
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 277 O tf
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78. THE " RIIOXADLER," A DOUBLE-SEA
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 279 a &
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GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 281 open
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81. THE TRIPARTITE. ONE-SPARRED WIN
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COMPARATIVE SIZES OF WELL- KNOWN SA
Page 376 and 377: GLIDING AND SOARING PLANES 289 in o
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Page 380 and 381: WEATHER, WIND AND CLOUDS 293 All of
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Page 384 and 385: WEATHER, WIND AND CLOUDS 297 high e
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Page 390 and 391: THE TWO FRONTS AND THE WARM SECTION
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Page 396 and 397: THE FUTURE OF SOARING FLIGHT 309 Th
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Page 402 and 403: THE FUTURE OF SOARING FLIGHT 315 is
Page 404 and 405: THE PROGRESS OF SAILPLANING THROUGH
Page 406 and 407: 83. THE " FAFNIR " FLOWN BY GUNTKR
Page 408 and 409: PROGRESS OF SAILPLANING 319 as well
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Page 416 and 417: 8/5. TIIK U.F.I). DAGLING. A PRIMAR
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Page 420 and 421: PROGRESS OF SAILPLANING 329 gliding
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Page 424 and 425: PROGRESS OF SAILPLANING 333 in view
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Page 430 and 431: PROGRESS OF SAILPLANING 339 In seve
Page 432 and 433: THE ENGLISH CHANNEL FLIGHT THE Engl
Page 434 and 435: 87. THE R.F.D. SAILPLANE. Span 14.G
Page 436 and 437: THE ENGLISH CHANNEL FLIGHT 343 in t
Page 438 and 439: THE ENGLISH CHANNEL FLIGHT 345 but
Page 440 and 441: Fttc!>'.g page 31G />// . / cuiirtc
Page 442 and 443: THE ENGLISH CHANNEL FLIGHT 347 see
Page 444 and 445: MY SOARING FLIGHTS OVER LONDON 349
Page 446 and 447: MY SOARING FLIGHTS OVER LONDON 351
Page 448 and 449: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 353 T
Page 450 and 451: 91. UKKR KHOXFELD'S u AUSTRIA " AT
Page 452 and 453: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 355 t
Page 454 and 455: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 357 m
Page 456 and 457: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 359
Page 458 and 459: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 361 t
Page 460 and 461: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 363 a
Page 462 and 463: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 365 c
Page 464 and 465: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 367 e
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Page 468 and 469: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 371 o
Page 470 and 471: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 373 T
Page 472 and 473: MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 375 b
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MY SOARING FLIGHTS IN ENGLAND 379 p
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