Abstracts, XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy) , 9-15

More documents

Recommendations

Info

XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy), 9-15 September 2013 Cytogenetical test to predict the vigour potential in brassica seeds under long-term storage BELLANI L. 1 , GIORGETTI L. 2 , SCIALABBA A. 3 1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy. 2 Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, CNR, Pisa. Italy. 3 Dipartimento STEBICEF/Sezione di Botanica ed Ecologia vegetale, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy. E-mail: anna.scialabba@unipa.it Preservation of intraspecific diversity in seed banks is a common strategy to frontier the loss of biodiversity, however long-term storage inevitably results in the loss of a certain percentage of seeds, therefore causing the genetic erosion of a seed collection. For this reason seed quality monitoring is of outstanding importance to ensure that the regenerated genetic material is representative of the endemic natural diversity once reintroduced in the environment, as well as to preserve the genetic biodiversity of species economically relevant for modern agriculture. Ageing amplification tests, in which seeds undergo osmotic stresses, enable to detect little differences in the vigour of seeds with high germination percentage (%G) thereby allowing to predict precociously damages induced by long-term storage. In the present research the quality of Brassica villosa subsp. drepanensis seeds stored in a genebank (at - 20°C for sixteen years) was compared to seeds at harvest (control) by combining %G and mean germination time (MGT) measurements, ageing amplification tests and cytogenetic changes in primary roots. Comparison of %G and MGT between control and stored seeds showed no significant differences. Conversely ageing amplification tests where a saline shock (NaCl -0.9 MPa) was given for six hours to control seeds or after storage, evidenced no significant influence on %G of control seeds, but significantly reduced the % G of stored seeds. The treatment with 1.4 MPa osmotic potential significantly reduced %G of control and stored seeds (50 and 4% respectively). Cytogenetic analysis clearly showed significant reductions of the mitotic index, the appearance of c – metaphases, chromosomes laggings and bridges in stored seeds in respect to control seeds germinated in water. While the treatment with -0.9 MPa osmotic potential had no significant effects in both groups, the treatment with -1.4 MPa osmotic potential had inhibitory effects in root apices of control seeds and completely prevented cell division in stored ones. The results presented in this study indicate that despite a comparable germinative response of seeds, long-term storage induces cytogenetical damages and increase susceptibility to salt stress, therefore lowering the seed quality. We suggest the use of the ageing amplification test and cytogenetical parameters as more sensitive, reliable and inexpensive methods compared to germination percentage tests, allowing an early prediction of genetic erosion events in germplasm banks and representing a valuable alternative tool for seed producers. 99
XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy), 9-15 September 2013 La subéraie de la Numidie orientale: une source de biodiversité BENNADJA S., AIT KAKI Y., CHEFROUR A. Laboratoire de Botanique, Faculté de Médecine, Université d’Annaba, Algérie. E-mail: salimab2@yahoo.fr La subéraie algérienne subit une anthropisation accrue due à un certain nombre de facteurs parmi lesquels: les labours et mise en culture impliquant la destruction des écotones; la reforestation irréfléchie avec des essences exogènes dont l’impact sur la végétation autochtone n’a pas été étudié au préalable; les incendies répétés et l’élevage extensif. L’anthropisation liée à certaines activités humaines remonte à 7 000 à 8 000 ans, et tout le long de ces longues années, la subéraie a acquis des mécanismes d’adaptations aux différents aléas ce qui a engendré une biodiversité très intéressante. Le but de cette étude est d’évaluer la biodiversité dans des subéraies se développant sur différents substrats. Des relevés floristiques ont été prélevés dans 165 stations caractérisées par des facteurs mésologiques divers. L’étude nous a permis de constater que malgré toutes les contraintes précitées la subéraie continue à présenter une source de biodiversité qui participe au maintien de l’équilibre écologique dans la Numidie orientale. Malheureusement, ces derniers temps, d’autres facteurs de déstabilisation viennent s’ajouter à ceux déjà présents, notamment le changement climatique. Ce dernier aura un impact certain sur la biodiversité au niveau du cortège floristique du chêne liège. 100
Page 2 and 3:
Abstracts Lectures Communicaons Pos
Page 4:
Organizing Commitee Francesco M. Ra
Page 7 and 8:
S. Crema & G. Cristofolini: Phyloge
Page 9 and 10:
G. Bedini & L. Peruzzi: A compariso
Page 12 and 13:
XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy)
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51: XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy)
Page 92: XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy)
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Laguna E. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 162:
Page 166:
Page 169:
Printed in August 2013 by Tipolitog
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
show all

Abstracts, XIV OPTIMA Meeting, Palermo (Italy) , 9-15

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?