Sonnet User's Guide - Sonnet Software

More documents

Recommendations

Info

<strong>Sonnet</strong> User’s <strong>Guide</strong> The equations used to determine the optimization goal error are as follows: EqualOperatorError = ∑ ( Simulation() f – Target() f ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ) N where: Target(f): Target value of measurement at frequency f. Simulation(f): Simulated value of measurement at frequency f. N: Number of frequencies in optimization goal. GreaterThanOperatorError where: Target(f): Target value of measurement at frequency f. Simulation(f): Simulated value of measurement at frequency f. MIN[]: Determines minimum value of the specified arguments. N: Number of frequencies in optimization goal. ∑ Target( f) )– ( MIN [ Simulation()T f , arget() f = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ( ])) N LessThanOperatorError ∑ ( Simulation( f) )– ( MIN[ Simulation()T f , arget() f ]) = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N where: Target(f): Target value of measurement at frequency f. Simulation(f): Simulated value of measurement at frequency f. MIN[]: Determines minimum value of the specified arguments. N: Number of frequencies in optimization goal. Setting up an optimization consists of five parts: • Specifying optimization frequencies • Specifying your goals • Choosing which variables to vary • Specifying data ranges for the chosen variables • Specifying the maximum number of iterations Care should be taken when setting the nominal values for the variables to be optimized. The optimizer starts at the nominal values and converges to the minima which is closest to those nominal values. Thus, it is highly recommended that you perform some pre-analysis prior to doing the optimization to ensure that the nom- 152
Chapter 10 Parameterizing your Project inal values are in the right value range when the optimizer is started. Otherwise, the optimizer may converge to a local minima for which the error is not the minimum achievable value, as pictured below. Error Function Local Minima Parameter Values Actual Minimum You specify a goal by identifying a particular measurement and what value you desire it to be. For example S 11 < -20 dB. Keep in mind that the goals you specify may not be possible to satisfy. Em finds the solution with the least error. You may also specify a goal by equating a measurement in one network to a measurement in another network or file. For example, you may set S 11 for network “Model” equal to S 11 for network “Measured.” Likewise, you may equate S 11 for network “Model” to S 11 for data file “meas.s2p.” You may select one or multiple variables to optimize. For each variable that you select you must specify minimum and maximum bounds. The analysis limits the variables to values within the specified bounds. Variables that are used in an optimization have a granularity value assigned to them; the granularity defines the finest resolution, the smallest interval between values, of a variable for which em will do a full electromagnetic simulation during optimization. For values which occur between those set by this resolution, em performs an interpolation to produce the analysis data. By default, the software determines the granularity, but you may enter a value manually. You specify the number of iterations. For each iteration, em selects a value for each of the variables included in the optimization, then analyzes the circuit at each frequency specified in the goals. Depending on the complexity of the circuit, the number of analysis frequencies and the number of variable combinations, an optimization may take a significant amount of processing time. The number of iterations provides a measure of control over the process. Note that the number of iterations is a maximum. An optimization can stop after fewer iterations if the optimization goal is achieved or it finds a minima (finds no improvement in the error in further iterations). 153
Page 2 and 3:
This page intentionally left blank.
Page 4 and 5:
Copyright Notice Reproduction of th
Page 6 and 7:
Sonnet User’s Guide Via Loss. . .
Page 8 and 9:
Sonnet User’s Guide 9 ADAPTIVE BA
Page 10 and 11:
Sonnet User’s Guide Good and Bad
Page 12 and 13:
Sonnet User’s Guide Probing the P
Page 14 and 15:
Sonnet User’s Guide 14
Page 16 and 17:
Sonnet User’s Guide Project Edito
Page 18 and 19:
Sonnet User’s Guide lumped elemen
Page 20 and 21:
Sonnet User’s Guide Em performs e
Page 22 and 23:
Sonnet User’s Guide Zero Voltage
Page 24 and 25:
Sonnet User’s Guide New Features
Page 26 and 27:
Sonnet User’s Guide Multiconducto
Page 28 and 29:
Sonnet User’s Guide parameter is
Page 30 and 31:
Sonnet User’s Guide do not need t
Page 32 and 33:
Sonnet User’s Guide For example,
Page 34 and 35:
Sonnet User’s Guide Subsectioning
Page 36 and 37:
Sonnet User’s Guide Subsection si
Page 38 and 39:
Sonnet User’s Guide 1 Cell Wide (
Page 40 and 41:
Sonnet User’s Guide When used in
Page 42 and 43:
Sonnet User’s Guide There are thr
Page 44 and 45:
Sonnet User’s Guide Setting this
Page 46 and 47:
Sonnet User’s Guide Conformal Mes
Page 48 and 49:
Sonnet User’s Guide A common misc
Page 50 and 51:
Sonnet User’s Guide the conductor
Page 52 and 53:
Sonnet User’s Guide Rdc/Rrf This
Page 54 and 55:
Sonnet User’s Guide There are thr
Page 56 and 57:
Sonnet User’s Guide Metal Librari
Page 58 and 59:
Sonnet User’s Guide Dielectric La
Page 60 and 61:
Sonnet User’s Guide The global li
Page 62 and 63:
Sonnet User’s Guide • Reference
Page 64 and 65:
Sonnet User’s Guide the capacitiv
Page 66 and 67:
Sonnet User’s Guide many uses, in
Page 68 and 69:
Sonnet User’s Guide Normally, if
Page 70 and 71:
Sonnet User’s Guide For a box wal
Page 72 and 73:
Sonnet User’s Guide ground for th
Page 74 and 75:
Sonnet User’s Guide User Defined:
Page 76 and 77:
Sonnet User’s Guide In most cases
Page 78 and 79:
Sonnet User’s Guide em does force
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Sonnet User’s Guide In cases wher
Page 84 and 85:
Sonnet User’s Guide Physical Size
Page 86 and 87:
Sonnet User’s Guide • The type
Page 88 and 89:
Sonnet User’s Guide Polygon Edge(
Page 90 and 91:
Sonnet User’s Guide When you sele
Page 92 and 93:
Sonnet User’s Guide Physical Size
Page 94 and 95:
Sonnet User’s Guide 3. Nearby obj
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Sonnet User’s Guide Metal Box Wal
Page 100 and 101:
Sonnet User’s Guide As em perform
Page 102 and 103: Sonnet User’s Guide S-Parameters
Page 104 and 105: Sonnet User’s Guide When de-embed
Page 106 and 107: Sonnet User’s Guide You should no
Page 108 and 109: Sonnet User’s Guide contains a re
Page 110 and 111: Sonnet User’s Guide Reference Pla
Page 112 and 113: Sonnet User’s Guide moves” a le
Page 114 and 115: Sonnet User’s Guide same is true
Page 116 and 117: Sonnet User’s Guide Em dedicates
Page 118 and 119: Sonnet User’s Guide 5 Click on th
Page 120 and 121: Sonnet User’s Guide Another way t
Page 122 and 123: Sonnet User’s Guide reaches a max
Page 124 and 125: Sonnet User’s Guide 5 Enter the f
Page 126 and 127: Sonnet User’s Guide If you wish t
Page 128 and 129: Sonnet User’s Guide 128
Page 130 and 131: Sonnet User’s Guide within a user
Page 132 and 133: Sonnet User’s Guide When you sele
Page 134 and 135: Sonnet User’s Guide fine another
Page 136 and 137: Sonnet User’s Guide An example of
Page 138 and 139: Sonnet User’s Guide • You selec
Page 140 and 141: Sonnet User’s Guide the two refer
Page 142 and 143: Sonnet User’s Guide Moving Adjust
Page 144 and 145: Sonnet User’s Guide when the valu
Page 146 and 147: Sonnet User’s Guide Reference Pla
Page 148 and 149: Sonnet User’s Guide If the projec
Page 150 and 151: Sonnet User’s Guide In the case o
Page 154 and 155: Sonnet User’s Guide Once the opti
Page 156 and 157: Sonnet User’s Guide This is an ex
Page 158 and 159: Sonnet User’s Guide 6 Drag the mo
Page 160 and 161: Sonnet User’s Guide 13 Drag the m
Page 162 and 163: Sonnet User’s Guide 19 Once all t
Page 164 and 165: Sonnet User’s Guide 24 Move the m
Page 166 and 167: Sonnet User’s Guide 6 Click on th
Page 168 and 169: Sonnet User’s Guide Executing the
Page 170 and 171: Sonnet User’s Guide 24 Click on t
Page 172 and 173: Sonnet User’s Guide ments (S 21 a
Page 174 and 175: Sonnet User’s Guide 30 Select Opt
Page 176 and 177: Sonnet User’s Guide As mentioned
Page 178 and 179: Sonnet User’s Guide Running an Op
Page 180 and 181: Sonnet User’s Guide 52 Click on t
Page 182 and 183: Sonnet User’s Guide 55 Select Ana
Page 184 and 185: Sonnet User’s Guide The results c
Page 186 and 187: Sonnet User’s Guide in each confo
Page 188 and 189: Sonnet User’s Guide 3 Select “C
Page 190 and 191: Sonnet User’s Guide Rule 2: Figur
Page 192 and 193: Sonnet User’s Guide You should lo
Page 194 and 195: Sonnet User’s Guide Current Densi
Page 196 and 197: Sonnet User’s Guide 196
Page 198 and 199: Sonnet User’s Guide Networks A ne
Page 200 and 201: Sonnet User’s Guide You can edit
Page 202 and 203:
Sonnet User’s Guide The S-Paramet
Page 204 and 205:
Sonnet User’s Guide 3 Combines th
Page 206 and 207:
Sonnet User’s Guide The geometry
Page 208 and 209:
Sonnet User’s Guide The figure be
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Sonnet User’s Guide The circuit s
Page 214 and 215:
Sonnet User’s Guide vide command,
Page 216 and 217:
Sonnet User’s Guide 9 It is often
Page 218 and 219:
Sonnet User’s Guide The second ex
Page 220 and 221:
Sonnet User’s Guide The subdivisi
Page 222 and 223:
Sonnet User’s Guide Before adding
Page 224 and 225:
Sonnet User’s Guide ing the diele
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Sonnet User’s Guide Obtaining the
Page 230 and 231:
Sonnet User’s Guide 5 Move your c
Page 232 and 233:
Sonnet User’s Guide 8 Select Anal
Page 234 and 235:
Sonnet User’s Guide If you wish t
Page 236 and 237:
Sonnet User’s Guide Analysis of t
Page 238 and 239:
Sonnet User’s Guide this example,
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Sonnet User’s Guide If a microstr
Page 244 and 245:
Sonnet User’s Guide Examples of v
Page 246 and 247:
Sonnet User’s Guide Adding a Via
Page 248 and 249:
Sonnet User’s Guide If the via to
Page 250 and 251:
Sonnet User’s Guide 4 Click on OK
Page 252 and 253:
Sonnet User’s Guide Simple Via Ex
Page 254 and 255:
Sonnet User’s Guide When using th
Page 256 and 257:
Sonnet User’s Guide 3 Select Thic
Page 258 and 259:
Sonnet User’s Guide the thick met
Page 260 and 261:
Sonnet User’s Guide Modeling an A
Page 262 and 263:
Sonnet User’s Guide For instance,
Page 264 and 265:
Sonnet User’s Guide Y Level 1 X L
Page 266 and 267:
Sonnet User’s Guide Air Dielectri
Page 268 and 269:
Sonnet User’s Guide Finally, it i
Page 270 and 271:
Sonnet User’s Guide 2 Select Modi
Page 272 and 273:
Sonnet User’s Guide 3 Enter the n
Page 274 and 275:
Sonnet User’s Guide Background Si
Page 276 and 277:
Sonnet User’s Guide First Conditi
Page 278 and 279:
Sonnet User’s Guide A dual patch
Page 280 and 281:
Sonnet User’s Guide frequency (i.
Page 282 and 283:
Sonnet User’s Guide Spherical Coo
Page 284 and 285:
Sonnet User’s Guide Magnitude (dB
Page 286 and 287:
Sonnet User’s Guide Polarization
Page 288 and 289:
Sonnet User’s Guide Uniform Curre
Page 290 and 291:
Sonnet User’s Guide The far field
Page 292 and 293:
Sonnet User’s Guide 10 Click on t
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Sonnet User’s Guide When the mous
Page 298 and 299:
Sonnet User’s Guide We shall now
Page 300 and 301:
Sonnet User’s Guide 31 To turn of
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Sonnet User’s Guide 40 Double-cli
Page 306 and 307:
Sonnet User’s Guide 50 Select Gra
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Sonnet User’s Guide project edito
Page 312 and 313:
Sonnet User’s Guide The PI model
Page 314 and 315:
Sonnet User’s Guide 4 Select Outp
Page 316 and 317:
Sonnet User’s Guide * Limits: C>0
Page 318 and 319:
Sonnet User’s Guide Shown below i
Page 320 and 321:
Sonnet User’s Guide ment circuits
Page 322 and 323:
Sonnet User’s Guide 6 Enter the d
Page 324 and 325:
Sonnet User’s Guide Upon the comp
Page 326 and 327:
Sonnet User’s Guide Generating fi
Page 328 and 329:
Sonnet User’s Guide where is the
Page 330 and 331:
Sonnet User’s Guide To obtain the
Page 332 and 333:
Sonnet User’s Guide dure. These s
Page 334 and 335:
Sonnet User’s Guide Then create a
Page 336 and 337:
Sonnet User’s Guide Box Resonance
Page 338 and 339:
Sonnet User’s Guide Some of the t
Page 340 and 341:
Sonnet User’s Guide For evaluatio
Page 342 and 343:
Sonnet User’s Guide When we vary
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
Sonnet User’s Guide is one or mo
Page 348 and 349:
Sonnet User’s Guide Causal Dielec
Page 350 and 351:
Sonnet User’s Guide Each entry co
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Sonnet User’s Guide [7] James C.
Page 356 and 357:
Sonnet User’s Guide [33] James C.
Page 358 and 359:
Sonnet User’s Guide [61] J. C. Ra
Page 360 and 361:
Sonnet User’s Guide [91] R. Horto
Page 362 and 363:
Sonnet User’s Guide bricks see di
Page 364 and 365:
Sonnet User’s Guide convergence t
Page 366 and 367:
Sonnet User’s Guide independent v
Page 368 and 369:
Sonnet User’s Guide update 182 Op
Page 370 and 371:
Sonnet User’s Guide Sonnet Lite 2
Page 372:
Sonnet User’s Guide Z Z current 2
show all

Sonnet User's Guide - Sonnet Software

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?