Sonnet User's Guide - Sonnet Software

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<strong>Sonnet</strong> User’s <strong>Guide</strong> Via Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Setting Losses for the Box Top and Bottom (Ground Plane) . 56 Dielectric Layer Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Dielectric Layer Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Dielectric Layer Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 How to Create a New Dielectric Layer. . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Dielectric Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5 PORTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Port Type Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Port Normalizing Impedances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Changing Port Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Special Port Numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Ports with Duplicate Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Ports with Negative Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Changing Port Numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Port Placement with Symmetry On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Standard Box Wall Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Adding Box wall Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Ref. Planes and Cal. Lengths for Box Wall Ports . . . . . . 69 Co-calibrated Internal Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Ground Node Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Terminal Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Adding Co-calibrated Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Ref. Planes and Cal. Lengths for Co-calibrated Ports . . . 74 Use in Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Via Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Adding Via Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Automatic-Grounded Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Special Considerations for Auto-Grounded Ports . . . . . . 77 Adding Auto-grounded Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Ref. Plane and Cal. Length for Autogrounded Ports . . . . 78 Ungrounded Internal Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 6 COMPONENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Component Assistant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 6
Table of Contents Anatomy of a Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Component Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Data File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Ideal Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Ports Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Component Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Ground Node Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Terminal Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Reference Planes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Calibration Lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Physical Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Rules for Using Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Analysis of a Component. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Data File Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Rerunning an Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 7 DE-EMBEDDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Enabling the De-embedding Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 De-embedding Port Discontinuities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Box-Wall Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Shifting Reference Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Single Feed Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Coupled Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 De-embedding Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 De-embedding Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 8 DE-EMBEDDING GUIDELINES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Calibration Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Defining Reference Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 De-embedding Without Reference Planes . . . . . . . . . . 108 Reference Plane Length Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Reference Plane Lengths at Multiples of a Half-Wavelength . 110 Reference Plane Lengths Greater than One Wavelength 110 Non-Physical S-Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Box Resonances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Higher Order Transmission Line Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 7
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