THE EGS5 CODE SYSTEM

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User Control Data USER CODE Information Extracted From Shower MAIN HOWFAR AUSGAB BLOCK DATA (default) SHOWER ELECTR PHOTON BLOCK SET MSCAT ANNIH COMPT PEGS5 EGSCODE BHABHA PAIR MOLLER PHOTO HATCH BREMS UPHI Figure 2.1: Program flow and data control in EGS5. 32
arrived at their values in a very mnemonic way by means of the PEGS subroutine called PMDCON (Physical, Mathematical, and Derived CONstants). These are items 1 through 16 in Table 2.1. As illustrated in items 17 through 27, cupped ( ˘ ) energy variables are in MeV, cupped distance variables are in radiation lengths, and uncupped quantities denote CGS units. Materials are specified by giving density, ρ, numbers of elements, N e , atomic symbols of the elements, and the proportions of the atoms which are of each type, p i . PEGS maintains tables of atomic numbers, Z i , and atomic weights, A i , for elements 1 through 100. For cases in which materials are composed of single elements, PEGS has a table of default densities which it uses. For materials which have non-standard isotopes or densities, the values supplied by PEGS may be overridden. As an alternative to specifying the atomic proportions by number p i , they may be given in terms of weight, by ρ i . The parameters used to define media are summarized as items 28 through 33 in Table 2.1. The PEGS subroutine, MIX, uses the material parameters described above to compute additional molecular parameters (items 34 through 53 in Table 2.1) useful in computing cross sections for mixtures, as will be seen in subsequent sections. 33
Page 1 and 2: THE EGS5 CODE SYSTEM 1 Hideo Hiraya
Page 3 and 4: Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Inten
Page 5 and 6: 2.15.6 Electron Step-Size Selection
Page 7 and 8: B.4.9 Output of Results (Step 9) .
Page 9 and 10: List of Figures 2.1 Program flow an
Page 11 and 12: C.4 Subprogram relationships in PEG
Page 13 and 14: B.5 Variable descriptions for COMMO
Page 15 and 16: PREFACE In the nineteen years since
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Intent o
Page 19 and 20: “shower book”. For various reas
Page 21 and 22: 1.2.2 EGS1 About this time Nelson b
Page 23 and 24: MSCAT. These versions of EGS, PEGS,
Page 25 and 26: ten for energies less than 100 MeV
Page 27 and 28: - Molière multiple scattering (i.e
Page 29 and 30: EGS5. The primary advantages of thi
Page 31 and 32: ICRU37-compliant using the NIST dat
Page 33 and 34: high Z materials. Del Guerra et al.
Page 35 and 36: One of these six cross sections is
Page 37 and 38: at low energies. The latter, couple
Page 39 and 40: If E 1 and E 2 are expressions invo
Page 41 and 42: The result of this algorithm is tha
Page 43 and 44: 2.4 Particle Transport Simulation T
Page 45 and 46: from appropriate distribution funct
Page 47: parameters which may be needed. The
Page 51 and 52: Math FORTRAN Program Table 2.1 (con
Page 53 and 54: Figure 2.2: Feynman diagrams for br
Page 55 and 56: defined by δ ij = 1 if i = j, 0 ot
Page 57 and 58: Davies, Bethe and Maximon[49] (e.g.
Page 59 and 60: cross section given in Equation 2.4
Page 61 and 62: and use this as the variable to be
Page 63 and 64: we have Now define δ ′ = ∆ C
Page 65 and 66: This agrees with formula (10) of Bu
Page 67 and 68: That is, using Equations 2.122 and
Page 69 and 70: d˘Σ P air, Run−time dE = [ 2 3
Page 71 and 72: Angular distribution formulas The f
Page 73 and 74: at either x = 0, x = (πE 0 ) 2 (i.
Page 75 and 76: The following table, derived from t
Page 77 and 78: Figure 2.3: Feynman diagrams for tw
Page 79 and 80: where X 0 = radiation length (cm),
Page 81 and 82: where α ′ 1 = α ′ 2 = k 0 ′
Page 83 and 84: + 1 E 2 ′ − 1 E 1 ′ − C 2 l
Page 85 and 86: PEGS functions BHABDM, BHABRM, and
Page 87 and 88: To find the limits of E, we first c
Page 89 and 90: Figure 2.5: Feynman diagram for sin
Page 91 and 92: Ī adj = average adjusted mean ioni
Page 93 and 94: Table 2.2 (cont.) Z Symbol Atomic D
Page 95 and 96: Table 2.3 (cont.) LABEL a m s x 0 x
Page 97 and 98: (c) If 10.5 ≤ −C < 11.0 then x
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obtain the real scattering angle. E
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ρ = material mass density (g/cm 3
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Hence, so that ln [1.13 + 3.76(αZ
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g 3 (θ) = θ4 ( ) λf (0) (θ) + f
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Actually, b = 0 does not correspond
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Assume that an electron starts off
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At small path lengths t, a very lar
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x Final Direction φ Θ ∆x t Init
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shown that this version of the rand
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and as we noted earlier, they are d
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Final Direction x Energy Hinges φ
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Transport Steps, ∆ E = E x ESTEPE
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tranport step 1 DEINITIAL1 DERESID1
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= ∆E ( ∣ ∣∣∣ dE −1 ∣
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Since the CSDA range is uniquely de
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short steps accurate, but slow step
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Table 2.4: Materials used in refere
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Average Lateral Displacement (cm) 0
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100 MeV Electrons 0.01 0.001 Li C L
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actions involving photons with ener
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Cu 40 keV Counts (/keV/sr/source) 1
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Table 2.6: Data sources for general
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2.16.2 Photoelectron Angular Distri
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where r 0 is the classical electron
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second term on the right-hand side
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Z θ k Y O φ e 0 X k 0 Figure 2.23
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Note the similarities and differenc
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X Z ω k 0 O e 0 Y Figure 2.25: Dir
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W = Atomic, molecular and mixture w
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In order to use EGS5 to answer the
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write(6,100) 100 FORMAT(’ PEGS5-c
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! plate is 1 mm thick !------------
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implicit none include ’include/eg
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0.989 MeV kinetic energy Brem photo
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! locally (in fact EDEP = particles
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inmax=max(binmax,ebin(j)) end do wr
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0.40 0.0058 * 0.60 0.0054 * 0.80 0.
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!----------------------------------
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endif if(loop.lt.3) then write(6,12
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180 FORMAT(/’ Knock-on electrons
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common/score/escore(3), iscore(3) r
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Brem photons can be created and any
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in any combination of 31 well speci
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end do end do ! nmed and dunit defa
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! ------------------------------ cl
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if (iarg.eq.17) then ! A Compton sc
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! the general purpose geometry subr
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eturn end !------------------------
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open(UNIT= 6,FILE=’egs5job.out’
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write(6,130) 130 format(/’ Start
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icol= * int(dlog10(ebin(j)*10000.0/
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0.0300 0.0000* 0.0320 0.0001* 0.034
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0.0780 0.0014 * 0.0800 0.0012 * 0.0
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The main purpose of this section, h
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4.1.3 Leading Particle Biasing The
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• Sum the weighted energy deposit
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4 z 6 Vac 11 5 Pb 6 5 Air 7 4 9 10
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Figure 4.3: UCBEND simulation at 3.
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necessary geometry input. The follo
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Appendix A EGS5 FLOW DIAGRAMS Hideo
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subroutine annih Version 051219-143
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¡ eq 1 anormr = 1./sqrt(anorm2) si
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1 br = max(br,0.D0) ekse2 = br*ekin
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1 2 3 br = br*p esg = eie*br yes es
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¤ ne ¤ ne subroutine collis (lele
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¦ ne ¦ ne call ausgab(iarg) 6 iq(
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subroutine compt Version 051219-143
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3 4 5 6 icprof(medium) .eq. 3 no ye
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subroutine counters_out Version 051
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 no ii .ne. jj yes no
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© ne 1 2 3 neispl = (2*neispl + 1)
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subroutine electr(ircode) ielectr =
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7 8 9 10 11 12 13 detot = e(np)-ecu
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2324 25 26 27 28 29 30 ustep .gt. d
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4142 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 ecut(irne
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5859 60 61 62 63 64 tmscat .eq. 0.0
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73 74 75 76 no edep .lt. e(np) yes
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subroutine hardx (charge,kEnergy,ke
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1 2 3 4 5 iz = izz iz .eq. 0 no xsi
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13 14 15 16 17 sint .ne. 0. yes rde
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19 im=1 im=im+1 im >nmed no yes no
Page 261 and 262:
22 23 write(kmpo,1610) read(kmpi,12
Page 263 and 264:
26 27 28 iprofm(im) .ne. 1 no yes w
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30 31 32 33 34 esig0(i,im) = esig0(
Page 267 and 268:
36 37 38 no iedgfl(ii).ne.0 .or. ia
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no kaug .eq. 6 call lshell(3) kaug.
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subroutine kxray Version 051219-143
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1 2 3 dfl3aug(5,iz) .eq. 0. no naug
Page 275 and 276:
1 2 3 4 rnnow .le. omegal2(iz) + f2
Page 277 and 278:
1 2 dflx3(6,iz) .eq. 0. no nxray=nx
Page 279 and 280:
1 impacr(ir(np)).eq.1 .and. iedgfl(
Page 281 and 282:
1 2 fject = (ktot - k1grd(iprt,ik1)
Page 283 and 284:
5 6 7 8 9 thr = 1./eta "Central cor
Page 285 and 286:
1 2 3 delta = delcm(medium)*del "Re
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8 9 10 11 12 galpha .ge. 0.0 yes no
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subroutine photo Version 051219-143
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4 5 6 7 8 rnnow .le. pbran(i) no ye
Page 293 and 294:
12 13 14 beta = sqrt((eelec - RM)*(
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subroutine photon Version 051219-14
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6 7 8 9 10 idisc .gt. 0 yes no edep
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17 18 19 20 21 iausfl(iarg+1) ne 0
Page 301 and 302:
27 28 iausfl(iarg+1) ne 0 no ircod
Page 303 and 304:
subroutine rk1 Version 060313-0945
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4 5 6 j=1 j=j+1 j>neke-1 no yes j .
Page 307 and 308:
18 19 20 21 22 23 elkeold = elke k1
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1 2 "end of file; go to 13" read(17
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4 5 "go to 30" no abs(k1mine-k1grd(
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7 8 read(17,'(72a1)') buffer read(1
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subroutine shower (iqi,ei,xi,yi,zi,
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subroutine uphi(ientry,lvl) Version
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subroutine randomset(rndum) Version
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subroutine rluxinit Version 051219-
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1 i=1 i=i+1 i>24 no yes seeds(i) =
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subroutine rluxin Version 051219-14
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Appendix B EGS5 USER MANUAL Hideo H
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Table B.1: Variable descriptions fo
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Table B.12: Variable descriptions f
Page 339 and 340:
Optional parameter modifications Th
Page 341 and 342:
the call to PEGS5 may be skipped if
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egions. Execution of EGS5 is termin
Page 345 and 346:
of the transport in the walls of el
Page 347 and 348:
call rluxinit after specifying LUXL
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END OF FILE ON UNIT 12 PROGRAM STOP
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do i=1,ncases uf(1)=ufi vf(1)=vfi w
Page 353 and 354:
crossed, then USTEP should be set t
Page 355 and 356:
subroutine howfar implicit none inc
Page 357 and 358:
Table B.18: IARG values program sta
Page 359 and 360:
As an example of how to write an AU
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!**********************************
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nreg=3 do i=2,nreg ecut(i)=100.0 pc
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nlines=0 nwrite=15 !---------------
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if (nlines.lt.nwrite) then write(6,
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Appendix C PEGS USER MANUAL Hideo H
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is entered. On each pass through th
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(from previous figure) (to previous
Page 375 and 376:
(from previous figure) | | + ------
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+------+ |BREMTR| +------+ | V +---
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+------+ |PAIRTR| +------+ | V +---
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Name DCSLOAD DCSSTOR DCSTAB ELASTIN
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Name AFFACT AINTP ALKE ALKEI ALIN A
Page 385 and 386:
Table C.5: Functions in PEGS, part
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+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
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Table C.8: ELEM option input data l
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Table C.10: MIXT option input data
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Table C.12: PWLF option input data
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Table C.17: PLTN option input data
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ICPROF is set to 3, the user must c
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Column Line 12345678911234567892123
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interiors of the intervals. If FEXA
Page 403 and 404:
C.3.6 The TEST Option The TEST opti
Page 405 and 406:
C.3.9 The HPLT Option The Histogram
Page 407 and 408:
Appendix D EGS5 INSTALLATION GUIDE
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egs5 directory (preferably using th
Page 411 and 412:
6. The user is then asked to key-in
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* User code tutor1.f has been compi
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Appendix E CONTENTS OF THE EGS5 DIS
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All of the actual FORTRAN source co
Page 419 and 420:
aprime.data Data for empirical brem
Page 421 and 422:
eryllium iron silicon bismuth krypt
Page 423 and 424:
The tutorial problems and advanced
Page 425 and 426:
Bibliography [1] R. G. Alsmiller Jr
Page 427 and 428:
[28] A. F. Bielajew. HOWFAR and HOW
Page 429 and 430:
[59] K. Flöttmann. Investigations
Page 431 and 432:
[92] H. Kolbenstvedt. Simple theory
Page 433 and 434:
[123] Y. Namito, H. Hirayama, A. Ta
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[156] Y. A. Shreider, editor. The M
Page 437 and 438:
Index “shower book”, 37 AE, 28,
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Klein-Nishina formula, 62 Landau di
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