THE EGS5 CODE SYSTEM

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Table 2.2: Default atomic numbers, symbols, weights, densities and I values in PEGS. Z Symbol Atomic Density I(eV) Weight (g/cm 3 ) 1 H 1.00797 0.0808 19.2 2 HE 4.00260 0.1900 41.8 3 LI 6.93900 0.5340 40.0 4 BE 9.01220 1.8500 63.7 5 B 10.81100 2.5000 76.0 6 C 12.01115 2.2600 78.0 7 N 14.00670 1.1400 82.0 8 O 15.99940 1.5680 95.0 9 F 18.99840 1.5000 115.0 10 NE 20.18300 1.0000 137.0 11 NA 22.98980 0.9712 149.0 12 MG 24.31200 1.7400 156.0 13 AL 26.98150 2.7020 166.0 14 SI 28.08800 2.4000 173.0 15 P 30.97380 1.8200 173.0 16 S 32.06400 2.0700 180.0 17 CL 35.45300 2.2000 174.0 18 AR 39.94800 1.6500 188.0 19 K 39.10200 0.8600 190.0 20 CA 40.08000 1.5500 191.0 21 SC 44.95600 3.0200 216.0 22 TI 47.90000 4.5400 233.0 23 V 50.94200 5.8700 245.0 24 CR 51.99800 7.1400 257.0 25 MN 54.93800 7.3000 272.0 26 FE 55.84700 7.8600 286.0 27 CO 58.93320 8.7100 297.0 28 NI 58.71000 8.9000 311.0 29 CU 63.54000 8.9333 322.0 30 ZN 65.37000 7.1400 330.0 31 GA 69.72000 5.9100 334.0 32 GE 72.59000 5.3600 350.0 33 AS 74.92160 5.7300 347.0 34 SE 78.96000 4.8000 348.0 35 BR 79.80800 4.2000 357.0 36 KR 83.80000 3.4000 352.0 37 RB 85.47000 1.5300 363.0 38 SR 87.62000 2.6000 366.0 39 Y 88.90500 4.4700 379.0 40 ZR 91.22000 6.4000 393.0 41 NB 92.90600 8.5700 417.0 42 MO 95.94000 9.0100 424.0 43 TC 99.00000 11.5000 428.0 44 RU 101.07000 12.2000 441.0 45 RH 102.90500 12.5000 449.0 46 PD 106.40000 12.0000 470.0 47 AG 107.87000 10.5000 470.0 48 CD 112.40000 8.6500 469.0 49 IN 114.82000 7.3000 488.0 50 SN 118.69000 7.3100 488.0 76
Table 2.2 (cont.) Z Symbol Atomic Density I(eV) Weight (g/cm 3 ) 51 SB 121.75000 6.6840 487.0 52 TE 127.60000 6.2400 485.0 53 I 126.90440 4.9300 491.0 54 XE 131.30000 2.7000 482.0 55 CS 132.90500 1.8730 488.0 56 BA 137.34000 3.5000 491.0 57 LA 138.91000 6.1500 501.0 58 CE 140.12000 6.9000 523.0 59 PR 140.90700 6.7690 535.0 60 ND 144.24001 7.0070 546.0 61 PM 147.00000 1.0000 560.0 62 SM 150.35001 7.5400 574.0 63 EU 151.98000 5.1700 580.0 64 GD 157.25000 7.8700 591.0 65 TB 158.92400 8.2500 614.0 66 DY 162.50000 8.5600 628.0 67 HO 164.92999 8.8000 650.0 68 ER 167.25999 9.0600 658.0 69 TM 168.93401 9.3200 674.0 70 YB 173.03999 6.9600 684.0 71 LU 174.97000 9.8500 694.0 72 HF 178.49001 11.4000 705.0 73 TA 180.94800 16.6000 718.0 74 W 183.85001 19.3000 727.0 75 RE 186.20000 20.5300 736.0 76 OS 190.20000 22.4800 746.0 77 IR 192.20000 22.4200 757.0 78 PT 195.08000 21.4500 790.0 79 AU 196.98700 19.3000 790.0 80 HG 200.59000 14.1900 800.0 81 TL 204.37000 11.8500 810.0 82 PB 207.19000 11.3400 823.0 83 BI 208.98000 9.7800 823.0 84 PO 210.00000 9.3000 830.0 85 AT 210.00000 1.0000 825.0 86 RN 222.00000 4.0000 794.0 87 FR 223.00000 1.0000 827.0 88 RA 226.00000 5.0000 826.0 89 AC 227.00000 1.0000 841.0 90 TH 232.03600 11.0000 847.0 91 PA 231.00000 15.3700 878.0 92 U 238.03000 18.9000 890.0 93 NP 237.00000 20.5000 902.0 94 PU 242.00000 19.7370 921.0 95 AM 243.00000 11.7000 934.0 96 CM 247.00000 7.0000 939.0 97 BK 247.00000 1.0000 952.0 98 CF 248.00000 1.0000 966.0 99 ES 254.00000 1.0000 980.0 100 FM 253.00000 1.0000 994.0 77
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THE EGS5 CODE SYSTEM 1 Hideo Hiraya
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Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Inten
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2.15.6 Electron Step-Size Selection
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B.4.9 Output of Results (Step 9) .
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List of Figures 2.1 Program flow an
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C.4 Subprogram relationships in PEG
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B.5 Variable descriptions for COMMO
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PREFACE In the nineteen years since
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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Intent o
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“shower book”. For various reas
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1.2.2 EGS1 About this time Nelson b
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MSCAT. These versions of EGS, PEGS,
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ten for energies less than 100 MeV
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- Molière multiple scattering (i.e
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EGS5. The primary advantages of thi
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ICRU37-compliant using the NIST dat
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high Z materials. Del Guerra et al.
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One of these six cross sections is
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at low energies. The latter, couple
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If E 1 and E 2 are expressions invo
Page 41 and 42: The result of this algorithm is tha
Page 43 and 44: 2.4 Particle Transport Simulation T
Page 45 and 46: from appropriate distribution funct
Page 47 and 48: parameters which may be needed. The
Page 49 and 50: arrived at their values in a very m
Page 51 and 52: Math FORTRAN Program Table 2.1 (con
Page 53 and 54: Figure 2.2: Feynman diagrams for br
Page 55 and 56: defined by δ ij = 1 if i = j, 0 ot
Page 57 and 58: Davies, Bethe and Maximon[49] (e.g.
Page 59 and 60: cross section given in Equation 2.4
Page 61 and 62: and use this as the variable to be
Page 63 and 64: we have Now define δ ′ = ∆ C
Page 65 and 66: This agrees with formula (10) of Bu
Page 67 and 68: That is, using Equations 2.122 and
Page 69 and 70: d˘Σ P air, Run−time dE = [ 2 3
Page 71 and 72: Angular distribution formulas The f
Page 73 and 74: at either x = 0, x = (πE 0 ) 2 (i.
Page 75 and 76: The following table, derived from t
Page 77 and 78: Figure 2.3: Feynman diagrams for tw
Page 79 and 80: where X 0 = radiation length (cm),
Page 81 and 82: where α ′ 1 = α ′ 2 = k 0 ′
Page 83 and 84: + 1 E 2 ′ − 1 E 1 ′ − C 2 l
Page 85 and 86: PEGS functions BHABDM, BHABRM, and
Page 87 and 88: To find the limits of E, we first c
Page 89 and 90: Figure 2.5: Feynman diagram for sin
Page 91: Ī adj = average adjusted mean ioni
Page 95 and 96: Table 2.3 (cont.) LABEL a m s x 0 x
Page 97 and 98: (c) If 10.5 ≤ −C < 11.0 then x
Page 99 and 100: obtain the real scattering angle. E
Page 101 and 102: ρ = material mass density (g/cm 3
Page 103 and 104: Hence, so that ln [1.13 + 3.76(αZ
Page 105 and 106: g 3 (θ) = θ4 ( ) λf (0) (θ) + f
Page 107 and 108: Actually, b = 0 does not correspond
Page 109 and 110: Assume that an electron starts off
Page 111 and 112: At small path lengths t, a very lar
Page 113 and 114: x Final Direction φ Θ ∆x t Init
Page 115 and 116: shown that this version of the rand
Page 117 and 118: and as we noted earlier, they are d
Page 119 and 120: Final Direction x Energy Hinges φ
Page 121 and 122: Transport Steps, ∆ E = E x ESTEPE
Page 123 and 124: tranport step 1 DEINITIAL1 DERESID1
Page 125 and 126: = ∆E ( ∣ ∣∣∣ dE −1 ∣
Page 127 and 128: Since the CSDA range is uniquely de
Page 129 and 130: short steps accurate, but slow step
Page 131 and 132: Table 2.4: Materials used in refere
Page 133 and 134: Average Lateral Displacement (cm) 0
Page 135 and 136: 100 MeV Electrons 0.01 0.001 Li C L
Page 137 and 138: actions involving photons with ener
Page 139 and 140: Cu 40 keV Counts (/keV/sr/source) 1
Page 141 and 142: Table 2.6: Data sources for general
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2.16.2 Photoelectron Angular Distri
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where r 0 is the classical electron
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second term on the right-hand side
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Z θ k Y O φ e 0 X k 0 Figure 2.23
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Note the similarities and differenc
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X Z ω k 0 O e 0 Y Figure 2.25: Dir
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W = Atomic, molecular and mixture w
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In order to use EGS5 to answer the
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write(6,100) 100 FORMAT(’ PEGS5-c
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! plate is 1 mm thick !------------
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implicit none include ’include/eg
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0.989 MeV kinetic energy Brem photo
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! locally (in fact EDEP = particles
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inmax=max(binmax,ebin(j)) end do wr
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0.40 0.0058 * 0.60 0.0054 * 0.80 0.
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!----------------------------------
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endif if(loop.lt.3) then write(6,12
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180 FORMAT(/’ Knock-on electrons
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common/score/escore(3), iscore(3) r
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Brem photons can be created and any
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in any combination of 31 well speci
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end do end do ! nmed and dunit defa
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! ------------------------------ cl
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if (iarg.eq.17) then ! A Compton sc
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! the general purpose geometry subr
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eturn end !------------------------
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open(UNIT= 6,FILE=’egs5job.out’
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write(6,130) 130 format(/’ Start
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icol= * int(dlog10(ebin(j)*10000.0/
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0.0300 0.0000* 0.0320 0.0001* 0.034
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0.0780 0.0014 * 0.0800 0.0012 * 0.0
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The main purpose of this section, h
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4.1.3 Leading Particle Biasing The
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• Sum the weighted energy deposit
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4 z 6 Vac 11 5 Pb 6 5 Air 7 4 9 10
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Figure 4.3: UCBEND simulation at 3.
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necessary geometry input. The follo
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Appendix A EGS5 FLOW DIAGRAMS Hideo
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subroutine annih Version 051219-143
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¡ eq 1 anormr = 1./sqrt(anorm2) si
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1 br = max(br,0.D0) ekse2 = br*ekin
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1 2 3 br = br*p esg = eie*br yes es
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¤ ne ¤ ne subroutine collis (lele
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¦ ne ¦ ne call ausgab(iarg) 6 iq(
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subroutine compt Version 051219-143
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3 4 5 6 icprof(medium) .eq. 3 no ye
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subroutine counters_out Version 051
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 no ii .ne. jj yes no
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© ne 1 2 3 neispl = (2*neispl + 1)
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subroutine electr(ircode) ielectr =
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7 8 9 10 11 12 13 detot = e(np)-ecu
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2324 25 26 27 28 29 30 ustep .gt. d
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4142 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 ecut(irne
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5859 60 61 62 63 64 tmscat .eq. 0.0
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73 74 75 76 no edep .lt. e(np) yes
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subroutine hardx (charge,kEnergy,ke
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1 2 3 4 5 iz = izz iz .eq. 0 no xsi
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13 14 15 16 17 sint .ne. 0. yes rde
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19 im=1 im=im+1 im >nmed no yes no
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22 23 write(kmpo,1610) read(kmpi,12
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26 27 28 iprofm(im) .ne. 1 no yes w
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30 31 32 33 34 esig0(i,im) = esig0(
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36 37 38 no iedgfl(ii).ne.0 .or. ia
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no kaug .eq. 6 call lshell(3) kaug.
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subroutine kxray Version 051219-143
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1 2 3 dfl3aug(5,iz) .eq. 0. no naug
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1 2 3 4 rnnow .le. omegal2(iz) + f2
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1 2 dflx3(6,iz) .eq. 0. no nxray=nx
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1 impacr(ir(np)).eq.1 .and. iedgfl(
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1 2 fject = (ktot - k1grd(iprt,ik1)
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5 6 7 8 9 thr = 1./eta "Central cor
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1 2 3 delta = delcm(medium)*del "Re
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8 9 10 11 12 galpha .ge. 0.0 yes no
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subroutine photo Version 051219-143
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4 5 6 7 8 rnnow .le. pbran(i) no ye
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12 13 14 beta = sqrt((eelec - RM)*(
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subroutine photon Version 051219-14
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6 7 8 9 10 idisc .gt. 0 yes no edep
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17 18 19 20 21 iausfl(iarg+1) ne 0
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27 28 iausfl(iarg+1) ne 0 no ircod
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subroutine rk1 Version 060313-0945
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4 5 6 j=1 j=j+1 j>neke-1 no yes j .
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18 19 20 21 22 23 elkeold = elke k1
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1 2 "end of file; go to 13" read(17
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4 5 "go to 30" no abs(k1mine-k1grd(
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7 8 read(17,'(72a1)') buffer read(1
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subroutine shower (iqi,ei,xi,yi,zi,
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subroutine uphi(ientry,lvl) Version
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subroutine randomset(rndum) Version
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subroutine rluxinit Version 051219-
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1 i=1 i=i+1 i>24 no yes seeds(i) =
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subroutine rluxin Version 051219-14
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Appendix B EGS5 USER MANUAL Hideo H
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Table B.1: Variable descriptions fo
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Table B.12: Variable descriptions f
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Optional parameter modifications Th
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the call to PEGS5 may be skipped if
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egions. Execution of EGS5 is termin
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of the transport in the walls of el
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call rluxinit after specifying LUXL
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END OF FILE ON UNIT 12 PROGRAM STOP
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do i=1,ncases uf(1)=ufi vf(1)=vfi w
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crossed, then USTEP should be set t
Page 355 and 356:
subroutine howfar implicit none inc
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Table B.18: IARG values program sta
Page 359 and 360:
As an example of how to write an AU
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!**********************************
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nreg=3 do i=2,nreg ecut(i)=100.0 pc
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nlines=0 nwrite=15 !---------------
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if (nlines.lt.nwrite) then write(6,
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Appendix C PEGS USER MANUAL Hideo H
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is entered. On each pass through th
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(from previous figure) (to previous
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(from previous figure) | | + ------
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+------+ |BREMTR| +------+ | V +---
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+------+ |PAIRTR| +------+ | V +---
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Name DCSLOAD DCSSTOR DCSTAB ELASTIN
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Name AFFACT AINTP ALKE ALKEI ALIN A
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Table C.5: Functions in PEGS, part
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+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+
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Table C.8: ELEM option input data l
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Table C.10: MIXT option input data
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Table C.12: PWLF option input data
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Table C.17: PLTN option input data
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ICPROF is set to 3, the user must c
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Column Line 12345678911234567892123
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interiors of the intervals. If FEXA
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C.3.6 The TEST Option The TEST opti
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C.3.9 The HPLT Option The Histogram
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Appendix D EGS5 INSTALLATION GUIDE
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egs5 directory (preferably using th
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6. The user is then asked to key-in
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* User code tutor1.f has been compi
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Appendix E CONTENTS OF THE EGS5 DIS
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All of the actual FORTRAN source co
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aprime.data Data for empirical brem
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eryllium iron silicon bismuth krypt
Page 423 and 424:
The tutorial problems and advanced
Page 425 and 426:
Bibliography [1] R. G. Alsmiller Jr
Page 427 and 428:
[28] A. F. Bielajew. HOWFAR and HOW
Page 429 and 430:
[59] K. Flöttmann. Investigations
Page 431 and 432:
[92] H. Kolbenstvedt. Simple theory
Page 433 and 434:
[123] Y. Namito, H. Hirayama, A. Ta
Page 435 and 436:
[156] Y. A. Shreider, editor. The M
Page 437 and 438:
Index “shower book”, 37 AE, 28,
Page 439 and 440:
Klein-Nishina formula, 62 Landau di
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