AP Psych Barrons

psychologists would locate the cause in the person’s style of thinking. Behaviorists believe
depression is caused by one’s reinforcement history. Psychologists adhering to the sociocultural
model would fault aspects of society such as racism or poverty.
11. (E) Sociocultural psychologists believe that mental illness is mainly caused by certain negative
aspects of society such as sexism.
12. (D) Schizophrenia is associated with high levels of dopamine and Parkinson’s disease with low
levels of dopamine. Schizophrenia is often treated with antipsychotic drugs. Excessive use of
amphetamines is associated with both high levels of dopamine and schizophrenic-like
symptoms.
13. (A) Anand’s symptoms suggest he has conversion disorder, a type of somatoform disorder.
Fugue is a dissociative disorder which involves amnesia and relocation. Hypochondriasis is a
different kind of somatoform disorder that involves constant, minor physical complaints and the
belief that these minor problems are indicative of a serious, medical problem. SAD, seasonal
affective disorder, is a type of affective disorder in which people become depressed during
prolonged periods of bad weather. OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder, is an anxiety disorder
in which unwanted, persistent thoughts push people to perform unwanted, repetitive actions to
reduce anxiety.
14. (D) Paraphilias involve sexual arousal and interest in people, objects, or situations not generally
considered arousing. More specifically, Mary has zoophilia since she is aroused by an animal.
Pedophilia is a sexual attraction to children. Masochism is when one needs to be hurt in order to
be sexually aroused, and fetishism is when objects, such as shoes, are sexually arousing.
15. (E) Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their weight and body image. These concerns lead
them to engage in the binge-purge cycle that typifies bulimia. A growing number of men suffer
from bulimia. Not all bulimics use vomiting to purge unwanted calories. Other methods include
using laxatives, diuretics, and excessive exercise. Anorexics, not bulimics, lose more than 15
percent of their normal body weight. As is true of most, if not all, disorders, the cause of
bulimia is a matter of some debate.