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A-Textbook-of-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics-5th-edition

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458 INDEX<br />

hepatotoxicity 69, 262, 263<br />

halothane 146, 147<br />

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 169<br />

rifampicin 336<br />

see also paracetamol<br />

hepcidin 389<br />

herbal medicines 97–102<br />

heroin (diamorphine) 161, 434, 435, 442<br />

herpes simplex virus infection<br />

aciclovir 345<br />

HIV infection 359<br />

skin 417<br />

high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 179<br />

highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)<br />

352–3<br />

hirsutism 412<br />

hirudin 206–7<br />

histamine 404–5<br />

atracurium causing release 151<br />

histone deacetylase inhibitors 382<br />

histoplasmosis<br />

drugs for 340<br />

HIV infection 359<br />

historical aspects 86<br />

opioids 159<br />

history-taking 4<br />

adverse drug reactions 63<br />

HIV infection 351–60<br />

tuberculosis 338, 359<br />

see also anti-HIV drugs<br />

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors see statins<br />

hoarseness, inhaled glucocorticoids 239<br />

H<strong>of</strong>fmann elimination, atracurium 151<br />

homeopathic medicines 97<br />

hookworm, drugs for 365<br />

hormone replacement therapy (HRT) 311–12, 315<br />

progestogens in 308, 312<br />

hormones<br />

for acne 411<br />

for malignant disease 383–4<br />

human normal immunoglobulin 407–8<br />

humanization<br />

antibodies 382<br />

recombinant proteins 93<br />

humoral immunity 399<br />

Huntington’s disease 129<br />

hydatid disease, drugs for 365<br />

hydralazine 194<br />

nitrates with 214<br />

slow acetylators 81, 82<br />

hydration, skin 20<br />

hydrocortisone 303–4<br />

anaphylactic shock 405<br />

asthma 239<br />

G6PD deficiency <strong>and</strong> 83<br />

respiratory failure 242<br />

hydrolysis <strong>of</strong> drugs 25<br />

-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) 442<br />

hydroxychloroquine, rheumatoid arthritis 170<br />

hydroxyphenyl amines 260<br />

5-hydroxytryptamine<br />

migraine 142<br />

mood disorders <strong>and</strong> 116<br />

syndrome 118<br />

see also serotonin-only hypothesis<br />

5-hydroxytryptamine 1 agonists, migraine 142–3<br />

5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists 254<br />

hydroxyurea 377<br />

hyoscine 253<br />

hypercalcaemia 299<br />

diuretics 192<br />

hyperkalaemia 278–9, 280<br />

ACEIs 188<br />

calcium chloride in 227<br />

treatment <strong>of</strong> heart failure 213<br />

hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma 288<br />

hypersensitivity reactions 399–400<br />

delayed 66–7, 400<br />

glucocorticoids for 400<br />

with histamine release 404–5<br />

vaccine preparations 407<br />

hypertension 185–95<br />

alcoholism 440<br />

diabetes mellitus 286<br />

erythropoietin 396<br />

pregnancy 50<br />

see also antihypertensive drugs<br />

hypertensive crises, monoamine oxidase<br />

inhibitors 120, 123<br />

hyperthermia, malignant 80, 83–4, 152<br />

hyperthyroidism 292, 293–5<br />

pharmacokinetics 38–9<br />

hyperuricaemia 171–3<br />

hypnotics 105–7, 108, 109<br />

elderly patients 58, 107<br />

hypocalcaemia 300<br />

hypoglycaemia 288<br />

-adrenoceptor antagonists 190, 214, 224<br />

alcohol 442<br />

hypogonadism, male 313<br />

hypokalaemia 278<br />

diuretics 192, 275<br />

drug-induced 69<br />

elderly patients 59<br />

heart failure 213<br />

liver disease 38, 40<br />

hyponatraemia<br />

antidepressants 118, 122<br />

SIADH 277<br />

hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism in 293<br />

hypotension<br />

ACEIs 213<br />

poisoning 446<br />

postural 57–8<br />

streptokinase 202<br />

hypothermia 220<br />

hypothyroidism 293<br />

pharmacokinetics 38–9<br />

hypovolaemia 277–8<br />

hypoxia, nitrous oxide 147<br />

hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF) 393<br />

ibupr<strong>of</strong>en 158<br />

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 395<br />

idiosyncratic drug reactions 62<br />

idoxuridine, eye 427<br />

ifosfamide 372<br />

imatinib 380–1<br />

imidazoles 341–2<br />

imipenem 327<br />

immune-complex glomerulonephritis,<br />

penicillamine 171<br />

immune-complex reactions 66, 400<br />

immune responses 399<br />

mediators <strong>and</strong> blockers 404–6<br />

immunoglobulins (therapeutic) 93, 407–8<br />

immunopharmacology 399–408<br />

immunostimulants 407<br />

immunosuppressive drugs 399, 400–4<br />

inflammatory bowel disease 256<br />

myasthenia gravis 130<br />

plasma concentration monitoring 43<br />

rheumatoid arthritis 170<br />

impotence see erectile dysfunction<br />

inclusion criteria, clinical trials 88<br />

incontinence 279<br />

indinavir 356<br />

indometacin 169<br />

on ductus arteriosus 46, 313<br />

induction <strong>of</strong> enzymes 27–8, 76<br />

anticonvulsants 137<br />

infections<br />

alcoholism 440<br />

bacterial, treatment algorithm 324<br />

carbimazole 294<br />

cytotoxic chemotherapy 371<br />

diabetes mellitus 287<br />

eye 427<br />

immunosuppression 400<br />

mycobacterial 334–9<br />

opioid addiction 435<br />

parasites 361–6<br />

skin 416–17<br />

streptococcal, streptokinase <strong>and</strong> 202<br />

viral 344<br />

hepatitis 261, 348–9<br />

skin 417<br />

see also anti-HIV drugs; antiviral agents; HIV<br />

infection<br />

see also antibiotics; fungi; urinary tract, infections<br />

infective endocarditis, prophylaxis with<br />

antibiotics 325<br />

infertility<br />

cytotoxic drugs 371<br />

drugs for 312<br />

immunosuppressive drugs 400<br />

inflammation 167<br />

inflammatory bowel disease 255–6<br />

infliximab<br />

Crohn’s disease 256<br />

immune diseases 171, 404<br />

psoriasis 415<br />

influenza, antiviral agents for 348<br />

infusion, pharmacokinetics 11–12<br />

inhalational anaesthetics 145–8<br />

inhalers<br />

asthma 234<br />

children 54<br />

drug absorption from 21<br />

glucocorticoids 239<br />

asthma 234<br />

insulin via 288<br />

salbutamol 237<br />

inhibition, enzymes 28<br />

inhibitors, receptors 7<br />

injection site reactions, enfuvirtide 357<br />

inotropes, positive 212<br />

insomnia 105–7<br />

insulin(s) 286–8<br />

‘designer’ 92–3, 286<br />

elderly patients 59<br />

physiology 285<br />

intensive care, sedation 150<br />

intensive monitoring, adverse drug reactions 65<br />

interferon-alfa 2b 385<br />

interferons 348–9<br />

theophylline <strong>and</strong> 239<br />

viral hepatitis 261<br />

interleukin-2 384, 407<br />

interleukin-11 394<br />

international normalized ratio (INR) 207<br />

paracetamol overdose 447<br />

interstitial nephritis, drug-induced 69, 70, 168<br />

interstitial pneumonitis, bleomycin 385<br />

intra-ocular pressure 425<br />

see also glaucoma<br />

intra-uterine devices 310<br />

intracranial pressure<br />

halothane <strong>and</strong> 146<br />

osmotic diuretics 276<br />

intramuscular injection 21<br />

intranuclear receptors 7<br />

intrathecal route 22<br />

bacl<strong>of</strong>en 128<br />

methotrexate 375<br />

morphine 160<br />

intravenous route 22<br />

anaesthetics 148–9

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