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66 SCF Folio season. In response, farmers said that they would plant crops that are water-tolerant or use corn varieties that thrive even under wet conditions. However, farmers in Bukidnon rarely cultivate rice because according to them, the area is not suitable for rice production. Farmers stated that even with a La Niña forecast, they need to plant crops or else they will have nothing to spend for the education of their children and for their day-to-day sustenance. Implications Despite the popularity of SCFs among farmers in Malaybalay, the value of this information is not maximized because farmers just ignore them. According to them, they have several experiences where forecasts did not materialize. There is, therefore, a need to implement an intensive educational campaign to explain to farmers about the probabilistic nature of the SCF and to teach them on how to make use of these forecasts wisely. This study found that farmers apply indigenous climate forecasting in their farming practices. For example, to decide when to sow, they observe what they call “planting by the moon,” that is, they sow during full moon. According to them, a full moon ensures them of a good harvest. While, according to farmers, there is no scientific explanation for this practice that they know of as yet, they have nonetheless observed that “planting by the moon” has been bringing them good harvests and profits. Considering this finding, it is suggested that agencies mandated to provide climate advisory to farmers should look for ways to integrate farmers’ indigenous forecasting system in their efforts to encourage farmers to use seasonal climate forecasts. Despite the popularity of SCF in Malaybalay, farmers often ignore these information because according to them, the forecast did not come true. In this photo, farmers watch an SCF in video during a decisionmaking workshop. They will plan their farming activities for the next season based on the forecasts. Judging from the outputs generated during the decisionmaking workshops, farmers’ coping mechanisms for extreme climate will enable them to earn income that will sustain their respective families’ needs. The problem, however, is that in extremely unfavorable cropping conditions, their only choice is to work as menial laborers in factories, department stores, and other industries in Malaybalay City. Since climate change is inevitable, research and development agencies are called on to start technology development works that will help farmers mitigate the impacts of or make farmers adapt to the climate change. Finally, findings in this study showing that farmers find it hard to appreciate and understand climate forecasts suggest the need for academic institutions to integrate climate reporting in their curricular programs. To date, contents of communication programs usually relegate this topic to the background. Hence, this is one area that may be seriously considered to help in the communication and understanding of seasonal climate forecasts and their probabilistic nature. (SCF Project Updates, December 2008)
67 Project Team Australia Dr. Peter Hayman South Australian Research and Development Institute Prof. Kevin Parton Charles Sturt University Dr. John Mullen New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Mr. Jason Crean New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Ms. Bronya Alexander South Australian Research and Development Institute Philippines Philippine Institute for Development Studies Dr. Celia M. Reyes Ms. Jennifer P. T. Liguton Mr. Sonny N. Domingo Mr. Christian D. Mina Ms. Kathrina G. Gonzales Visayas State University Dr. Canesio D. Predo National Abaca Research Center / Department of Economics Dr. Rotacio S. Gravoso Department of Development Communication Dr. Remberto A. Patindol College of Arts and Sciences Ms. Eva L. Monte National Abaca Research Center Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Dr. Flaviana D. Hilario Climatology and Agrometeorology Division Ms. Edna L. Juanillo Climatology and Agrometeorology Division Ms. Rosalina G. De Guzman Climatology and Agrometeorology Division Ms. Daisy F. Ortega Climate Information Monitoring and Prediction Services Center Philippine Rice Research Institute Dr. Eduardo Jimmy P. Quilang Agronomy and Soils Division Dr. Constancio Asis, Jr. Agronomy and Soils Division Ms. Rowena G. Manalili Socioeconomic Division Mr. Jovino De Dios Agronomy and Soils Division Ms. Guadalupe Redondo Socioeconomic Division Mr. Roy F. Tabalno Socioeconomic Division Sources SCF Project Updates (various issues beginning June 2005 up to December 2008). This is the official newsletter of the SCF project. It started as a newsletter published on a semestral basis but beginning 2007, it appeared on a quarterly basis. Economic Issue of the Day (various issues). This explains concepts related to economic matters and relates the concepts to everyday activities and how they may apply to daily lives. Design and layout by Jane C. Alcantara
Page 1 and 2:
SCF Folio A compilation of informat
Page 3 and 4:
3 Administration (PAGASA), the Phil
Page 5 and 6:
5 Learning the basics Dr. John Mull
Page 7 and 8:
7 The dry season is also subdivided
Page 9 and 10:
9 Tropical cyclone average tracks J
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11 inevitably have impacts on the v
Page 13 and 14:
13 Reaching out and increasing awar
Page 15 and 16: 15 To ensure that the SCFs are rend
Page 17 and 18: Communicating through climate indic
Page 19 and 20: 19 Table 1. Awareness, usefulness,
Page 21 and 22: 21 Very often, this leads to extrem
Page 23 and 24: 23 agency, PAGASA, and sent out to
Page 25 and 26: 25 municipality. LGUs may send in t
Page 27 and 28: 27 SCF is popular in Bukidnon but..
Page 29 and 30: 29 the Provincial Agriculture Offic
Page 31 and 32: 31 Analysis and research/survey res
Page 33 and 34: 33 As the results in this initial s
Page 35 and 36: 35 Table 2. El Niño and La Niña e
Page 37 and 38: 37 average, and wet years were calc
Page 39 and 40: 39 local corn growers. In guiding f
Page 41 and 42: 41 dominated regions of northern Ne
Page 43 and 44: 43 The influence of ENSO on frost r
Page 45 and 46: 45 It is the timing of the latest f
Page 47 and 48: A model for valuing seasonal climat
Page 49 and 50: 49 And on rice crop... Nueva Ecija
Page 51 and 52: 51 Security against climate variabi
Page 53 and 54: 53 been dominating the Table 1. Bor
Page 55 and 56: 55 The need to help rice and corn f
Page 57 and 58: 57 Figure 1. Rainfall outlook, July
Page 59 and 60: 59 In Cebu: use of SCF gives higher
Page 61 and 62: 61 units of N fertilizer based on g
Page 63 and 64: 63 Determining corn farmers’ deci
Page 65: 65 Table 2. Farmers’ responses to
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