SUICIDE in RURAL & REMOTE AREAS of AUSTRALIA - Living is for ...

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Suicide in rural and remote areas of Australia 51 History of suicidal behaviour and mental health Previous suicide attempt(s) came out as a signifi cant suicide predictor in both urban and rural regions (Table 12). Comparisons between rural and urban suicide cases showed that, while this was more frequent in rural (60%) than in urban cases (49.3%), it was not signifi cant. A suicide in the family and/or friends was signifi cant in urban areas but, despite considerable differences between suicide (46.9%) and sudden-death control (26.9%) groups, did not reach signifi cance in rural areas probably due to the limited sample size. In both urban and rural areas, being interested in something regarding suicide in the media, stockpiling pills, making statements of hopelessness, and saying or doing something else to indicate the presence of suicidality were all signifi cant predictors for suicide. However, these factors were not signifi cantly different between rural and urban suicide cases. signifi cant in urban areas (Table 13). Substance abuse disorders were similarly high in suicide and sudden-death control groups in rural areas (38% in suicide cases and 30.8% in sudden deaths). Having at least one psychiatric disorder at the time of death (as determined by the SCID-I) was an important risk factor for suicide compared to sudden death in both regions. However, the risk was higher in rural areas in terms of odds ratios (OR; Table 13). Consequently, compared to the urban suicide cases (70%), there was a signifi cantly higher prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses in rural suicide cases (84%) (χ²=3.77, df=1, p=0.05). In rural and urban regions, mood (54% in rural and 51.3% in urban suicide cases), anxiety (40% in rural and 20% in urban suicide cases, a statistically signifi cant difference: χ²=8.00, df=1, p=0.005) and substance abuse disorders (38% in rural and 26.7% in urban suicide cases) were most prevalent. Mood and anxiety disorders were signifi cant predictors of suicide in both areas; however, substance abuse disorders were only GriffithBook FINAL 20/09.indd 51 15/11/12 4:28 PM
52 Suicide in rural and remote areas of Australia Table 12. Suicidal behaviours and possible signs of suicide Suicide Sudden death Rural Urban OR 95%CI Suicide Sudden death OR 95%CI N % N % L U N % N % L U A suicide attempt in the family/friends 10 20.4 4 15.4 1.41 0.40 5.03 19 13.1 11 10.4 1.30 0.59 2.87 A suicide in family/friends 23 46.9 7 26.9 2.40 0.86 6.74 52 36.4 17 16.2 2.96 1.59 5.5 Something regarding suicide in the media interested the deceased before his/her death 9 19.6 0 0 Fisher’s ex test=0.022 19 13.8 1 1.0 Fisher’s ex test
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Australia’s rural localities face
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Suggested quotation: Kairi Kõlves,
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Page 11 and 12: Introduction The burden of suicide
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