SUICIDE in RURAL & REMOTE AREAS of AUSTRALIA - Living is for ...

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Suicide in rural and remote areas of Australia 69 disorders were signifi cantly more frequent in rural suicides (40%) compared to urban suicides (20%). Similar to other psychological autopsy studies (Yoshimasu et al, 2008), our results indicated that previous suicide attempts were strong predictors for suicide, compared to sudden-death controls, in both urban and rural areas. In the same way, suicidal behaviours in the family and fi nding suicide of interest in the media were also strong predictors of suicide. In the present study, no remarkable differences in physical health were found between those suicide and sudden-death control groups in urban and rural areas. However, this may be more indicative of the number of physical health problems connected to the sudden-death controls, as opposed to a lower prevalence of somatic problems in the suicide group. GriffithBook FINAL 20/09.indd 69 15/11/12 4:28 PM
Chapter 4 Suicide prevention initiatives in rural and remote areas of Australia Urška Arnautovska, Allison Milner, Kathy McKay, Kairi Kõlves, Diego De Leo As noted in previous chapters and the Living Is for Everyone (LIFE) Framework (2007), people living in regional and remote areas of Australia appear to be more vulnerable to suicide than people living in metropolitan areas. The aim of this chapter was to provide an overview of the suicide prevention initiatives that target rural communities. We will fi rst discuss suicide prevention initiatives for rural population in general, and then focus on two sub-populations within the rural environment that are at particularly high risk of suicide: farmers and Indigenous persons. Methodology A review of literature was conducted utilising the databases PubMed and Scopus. The key search words were suicide AND prevention AND intervention AND remote OR rural AND Australia. Additionally, we also reviewed web-sites that could provide information about suicide prevention interventions in rural areas of Australia. These web-sites were: Results The search methodology described above produced approximately 40 rural suicide prevention interventions. In this section we provide fi rst an overview of identifi ed suicide prevention programs and services for rural populations (see Table below), classifi ed by their target population group into: • Initiatives for rural population in general; • Initiatives for farmers; or, • Initiatives for Indigenous. However, we found no evaluation studies of the rural suicide prevention services displayed in Table 18. Second, we describe the aims, methods and outcomes of those interventions which have been evaluated in regards to suicide prevention in rural areas. • Living Is for Everyone (LIFE) Framework; • Suicide Prevention Australia; and, • Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health. We also used search engines such as Google to search for rural prevention strategies. Our search method holds the possibility of fi nding a large number of rural suicide interventions currently implemented. However, we acknowledge the caveat that a number of interventions may have been missed due to a lack of available information at the time the electronic search was carried out. The review methodology focused on articles published in the past 15 years (1996-2010). GriffithBook FINAL 20/09.indd 70 15/11/12 4:28 PM
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Australia’s rural localities face
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2 Suicide in rural and remote areas
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Introduction The burden of suicide
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10 Suicide in rural and remote area
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SUICIDE in RURAL & REMOTE AREAS of AUSTRALIA - Living is for ...

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