tivity on the carmel faul

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establish a unique correction factor for Denya Cave detrital 230 Th. Further analysis suggested that these low correction factors might indicate the existence of hydrogenous Th in the speleothems of this cave. It is assumed that the hydrogenous Th does not overly affect the ages reported in this study, but the degree of its affects was not established. 7. The ages obtained for Denya Cave seismite samples were corrected for detrital Th using an isochron method based on Osmond type isochrons by means of the Isoplot3.7 program. Using the U-series evolution diagram, where x= 230 Th/ 238 U y= 234 U/ 238 U, a third axis is added, z= 232 Th/ 238 U, in order to calculate a regression line for an isochron (samples of the same age). The x-y intercepts of this three dimensional isochron define the ratios used to calculate a 230 Th/U age and initial 234 U/ 238 U. Denya Cave seismite samples, which were considered to be of the same age when certain criteria were met, were plotted along isochron lines and a single age was determined for them. Criteria for plotting seismite samples along isochron lines are based on the amount of detrital matter within the dated sample, structural features within the cave and stratigraphic considerations in the sample laminae. 8. The isochron calculated ages obtained for groups of speleo-seismite samples indicate that each group records a seismic event. Nine age clusters were determined for speleo-seismites from Denya Cave, indicating the ages of seismic events which affected the cave over the last 200ky: 4.8±0.80ka; 10.42±0.69ka; 20.8±3.0ka; 29.1±3.3; 38.0±2.7ka; 57.9±5.2ka; 137±29ka; 147.6±5.4ka and 160±45ka. 9. A comparison with data available to date from other paleoseismic studies in the region shows that all ages obtained for Denya Cave age clusters can potentially be compared to other ages obtained from paleoseismological studies in Israel. The comparison indicates that the breaks identified in Denya Cave speleothems, are not random and lends supportive evidence to the assumption that they represent seismic events. 81
10. Some of the ages obtained from this study might coincide with ages of seismic events dated along the DST, as well as those along the CF. Therefore, further studies are needed in order to determine which of those two fault systems created the seismic events reported in this study. 82
Page 1:
Dating Paleo-seismic Activi
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Abstract Mt Carmel is defined to it
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Table of content 1. Introduction...
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List of Tables Table 1: Isochron sa
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1998; Lacave et al., 2004; Kagan et
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statistical study indicated that th
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The first step in establishing viab
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crystal lattice; (5) when detrital
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caused by curved segments along the
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1 2 Yagur Jalame 3 4 Yoqne’am Meg
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1.4.1 Seismicity and paleo-seismici
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eferences to Early Bronze Age I and
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Figure 5: Earthquakes for the years
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15 30 Figure 7: Geological map of t
Page 32 and 33:
a b c Figure 9: Pictures from a qua
Page 34 and 35: 3 1 2 4 5 Figure 11: Seismic featur
Page 36 and 37: the cave can be viewed in Appendix
Page 38 and 39: Figure 14: Sample DN-7 3.3 Dating o
Page 40 and 41: [3] ( 230 Th)/( 232 Th) d = ( 234 U
Page 42 and 43: extremely high errors for these val
Page 44 and 45: DN-62 Iso-III Iso-II Iso-I Iso-V Is
Page 46 and 47: contribution of 232 Th carried by d
Page 48 and 49: 3.3.3 Cluster dating Osmond isochro
Page 50 and 51: 4. Results A total of 68 speleothem
Page 52 and 53: Table 5: Denya Cave seismite I.D.'s
Page 54 and 55: Figure 17: Dated seismite uncorrect
Page 56 and 57: Table 6: Dated seismite samples' is
Page 58 and 59: 1.14 1.10 1.06 234 U/ 238 U 1.02 0.
Page 60 and 61: Sample name 230/238 err 234/238 err
Page 68 and 69: Seismic events in Denya Cave Broken
Page 70 and 71: isochron of 10.4ka (MSWD = 107), it
Page 72 and 73: data-point error ellipses are 2σ 1
Page 74 and 75: 5. Discussion The purpose of the pr
Page 76 and 77: case, it is not clear which of thos
Page 78 and 79: indicates that there is a possibili
Page 80 and 81: 5.2.1 Considerations for comparison
Page 82 and 83: easonable assumption that whatever
Page 86 and 87: References Achmon, M., 1986. The Ca
Page 88 and 89: Hofstetter, A., Feldman, L. and Rot
Page 90 and 91: acceleration using the parameter of
Page 92 and 93: I-a. Table of Denya Cave speleothem
Page 95 and 96: DEN-2 Sample DEN-2 is a type C-1 se
Page 97 and 98: DN-4 Sample DN-4 is a type C-1 seis
Page 99 and 100: DN-7 DN-7 appeared to be a stalagmi
Page 101 and 102: DN-11, 12 and 13 These samples are
Page 103 and 104: Seismic contact pre 12.51ka DN-17 D
Page 105 and 106: DN-21 DN-21 is a type C-1 seismite.
Page 107 and 108: DN-25 DN-25 is a sample of flowston
Page 111 and 112: DN-34 DN-34 is a flowstone core of
Page 113 and 114: DN-37a DN-37a is a flowstone core i
Page 117 and 118: DN-43 This stalactite was located c
Page 119 and 120: Seismic contact DN-45 DN-45 is a ty
Page 121 and 122: DN-47 DN-47 is a flowstone core of
Page 123 and 124: DN-51 DN-51 is a stalactite formati
Page 125 and 126: DN-62 DN-62 is a flowstone sample o
Page 127 and 128: DN-65 DN-65 is a flowstone sample o
Page 129 and 130: Seismic contact DN-68 DN-68 is a a
Page 131 and 132: II-b. Laboratory protocol for the p
Page 133 and 134: Appendix III: All seismites conside
Page 135 and 136:
,10.4±0.7 שהשאירו את חו
Page 138:
משרד התשתיות הלאומ
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