C E L E B R AT I N G T H E PA S T Samuel P. Langley 1888, U.S. credited with 11 U.S. patents and writes 28 books First to systematically measure relative spectral and 860 technical articles. response of human vision and show that different wavelengths had different visual power. Hurbert Claude Weston 1926-45, England Conducts extensive, realistic experiments to determine visual speed and accuracy of visual per- Matthew Luckiesh 1911-48, U.S. Referred to as the “Father of the formance as functions of task size, contrast and Science of Seeing,” he is involved luminance. Develops first systematic model for visual performance. with vision, optics, measurements, light sources and virtually every aspect of lighting applications. Is Education Application Louis Bell 1902, U.S. James R. Cravath 1906-10, U.S. Produces first widely used general textbook on lighting, The Art of His writings on residence lighting, illuminating engineering in small cities, Illumination. Also a founding member of the IES. fixture design and store lighting, among H.H. Higbie 1920s-30s U.S. other topics, appear frequently on the Authors papers in IES Transactions on illumination of reading rooms pages of IES Transactions. (libraries) and how glass affects daylighting. Warren Edman 1960s, U.S. Parry Moon & Domina E. Spencer Develops theory and practice of highmast lighting systems for roadway inter- 1930s-40s, U.S. At MIT, they study lighting in empty rooms. Create the change lighting. Extends this concept to first photorealistic images using radiosity methods. other large nighttime work areas. Spencer C.E. Knox 1907, U.S. George W. Patterson 1896, U.S. Participates in what might have Translates from the French and augments the first widely used textbook on photometry, A Treatise on Industrial Photometry. The book is lighting project”—the <strong>Engineering</strong> So- constituted the first “major electric used in many early electrical engineering departments in the U.S. cieties Building in New York City, the one-time offices of the IES. Russell C. Putnam 1950s, U.S. Head of the <strong>Illuminating</strong> <strong>Engineering</strong> program at Case Mary Weber U.S. Institute of Technology (now Case Western Reserve University). Develops classroom and other educational facili- helps establish practical criteria for A residential lighting pioneer, she ties lighting, for example full-scale mock-ups where students could try portable lamp shade dimensions and out lighting ideas. light transmissions. Everett Strong 1940s, U.S. Furthers electrical engineering education while at Cornell University. Design John Flynn & Sam Mills 1970s, U.S. Authors of Architectural Lighting Graphics, a pioneering reference for the design of lighting elements such Flynn as coves, spot lighting and luminaire The Industrialists Those who formed pioneering lighting companies. Founders Company Bernhard & Moses Blitzer Lightolier A.D. Curtis Curtis Lighting Thomas Edison General Electric Edwin F. Guth St. Louis Brass Co. (renamed Edwin F. Guth Co.) Harvey Hubbell Hubbell Lighting Samuel B. Herst Peerless Lighting placement. Flynn and a team of researchers also publish an influential series of papers on the psychological effects of lighting. Samuel G. Hibben U.S. Designs early special electric lighting effects for monuments such as the Statue of Liberty and the Golden Gate Bridge. Works on solutions to military lighting problems and experiments with lights responding to a whole spectrum of needs, from underwater explorations to artificial plant growth. Thomas Jefferson 1780s-early 1800s, U.S. Employs daylighting techniques in the design of the Virginia Capitol and the University of Virginia. Richard Kelly 1930s, U.S. Helps found the lighting design profession by starting his own practice before entering college. Projects include the Kimball Museum of Fine Arts, the Yale Center at British Art and Studies and the Seagram Building. Stanley McCandless 1930s, U.S. In his book, A Method of Lighting the Stage, the Yale professor articulates what’s now known as the four-point McCandless Technique. Robert W. McKinley 1947, U.S Serves as editor of the first IES Handbook. Also, a leading expert in the use of passive solar energy and internationally recognized authority on glass and glazing. W. D’Arcy Ryan early 1900s, U.S. Considered the greatest practitioner of outdoor lighting of the age. He lights Niagara Falls in 1907 and designs and installs the lighting for the entire Pan Pacific International Exhibition of 1915 in San Francisco and the Century of Progress Exposition at Chicago in 1933. Believed to be the first person in the U.S. to hold the title “illuminating engineer.” John Waldram 1953, England Authors the groundbreaking paper “Studies in Interior Lighting.” Anton & John Kliegl Kliegl Brothers Lighting John W. Lieb Electrical Testing Laboratories Otis Mygatt Holophane Company Edison Price Edison Price Lighting Frode C.V. Rambusch Rambusch Decorating Company F.W. Wakefield Wakefield Lighting 64 www.iesna.org LD+A January 2006 65
I M A G I N I N G T H E F U T U R E What They’d Like to Light A group of lighting designers describe their ‘dream projects’ “In your wildest dreams, if you had the chance to light one thing, what would it be” LD+A recently put that tantalizing question to 10 lighting designers. Their responses ranged from the ultra-specific (“a herd of bison in Yellowstone Park”) to the broadly abstract (“nature”), while one designer dreams simply of seeing one of her existing designs actually implemented. LD+A January 2006 67
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