The Czech Republic Annual Report 2010 Drug ... - Drogy-info.cz

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Republic who are in possession of a small quantity of drugs for personal use, and the relatively small number of misdemeanours that have been considered, the level of law enforcement in relation to drug-related misdemeanours is low. While the main reason appears to be the hidden character of such illicit activities, the complex and costly nature of administrative proceedings may also play a role. Drug-related offences and misdemeanours are covered in more detail in the chapter on Drug-Related Crime (p. 116). With respect to administrative proceedings pertaining to road traffic, we may point out the enduring inconsistent and often erroneous practices used in the testing of drivers for other addictive substances than alcohol. Incorrectly, drivers who test positive for cannabis on the basis of a screening test tend to be subsequently subjected to a urine test only in order to further specify the test results, instead of having their blood samples tested for active THC metabolites that are indicative of the possible influence on the driver’s volitional and recognition capacities rather than the mere use of the drug in the past as identified on the basis of urine testing. Hence, the results of urine tests in themselves do not provide evidence of whether the driver was really under the influence of an addictive substance while driving or whether they were even in a state inconsistent with the capacity to drive a motor vehicle. Such circumstances should be examined by a forensic expert in medicine, a psychiatrist specialising in addictive diseases, which in practice is rather the case in relation to the defence of a person subjected to administrative proceedings. In the future, it would be useful to determine a specific procedure corresponding to the state of the art in the field under consideration. 1.2 National Action Plan, Strategy, Evaluation, and Coordination 1.2.1 National Action Plan and Strategy In 2010 the Government discussed significant strategic documents pertaining to the drug policy. In June 2010 the Government considered and approved a report on the evaluation of the 2005–2009 National Drug Policy Strategy and a report on the evaluation of the implementation of the 2007–2009 Action Plan. In May 2010 the Czech Government adopted its new National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period 2010–2018. The Action Plan for the Implementation of the National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period 2010–2012 was approved by the Government in January 2011. 1.2.1.1 National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period 2010–2018 The National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period 2010–2018 2 is not very different from the previous strategy covering the period from 2005 to 2009. The basic structure, principles, key areas of interest, and pillars of the drug policy remained unaltered. However, the strategy is newly perceived as a long-term document, the purpose of which is to define, in political terms, the framework for the drug policy, the key areas of interest, and the principles and approaches underpinning the Czech drug policy. Therefore, the new national strategy was conceived in such a way as to remain in effect for 9 years. It defines four general objectives which correspond to the four pillars of the drug policy – Prevention, Treatment and Social Reintegration, Harm Reduction, and Drug Supply Reduction – complemented by three supporting domains: Coordination and Funding, Monitoring, Research, and Evaluation, and International Cooperation. See the 2009 Annual Report for more information. Specific short-term drug policy procedures and measures are defined in the action plans for the implementation of the National Drug Policy Strategy (Action Plans). Three Action Plans, each spanning a period of three years, will be drawn up during the term of the Strategy. 1.2.1.2 Action Plan for the Implementation of the National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period 2010– 2012 The 2010–2012 Action Plan was approved by the Government in January 2011 3 , on the second occasion of its being included in the agenda of the Government’s session 4 . The Action Plan defines the following four priorities for the period of its operation. They should be pursued while maintaining the best practices from the previous years: to implement interventions aimed at reducing the high level of the use of cannabis, in particular, and other legal and illegal drugs. The reason for the setting of this priority is that, from a long-term perspective, the Czech 2 Approved by virtue of Government Resolution No. 340, dated 10 May 2010. Available for downloading at http://www.vlada.cz/cz/ppov/protidrogova-politika/dokumenty/narodni-strategie/narodni-strategie-protidrogove-politiky-na-obdobi-2010- az-2018-71880/ (2011-09-05). 3 Approved by virtue of Government Resolution No. 47, dated 19 January 2011. Available for downloading at http://www.vlada.cz/cz/ppov/protidrogova-politika/dokumenty/akcni-plan/akcni-plan-realizace-narodni-strategie-protidrogove-politiky-naobdobi-2010-az-2012-80326/. 4 The Government did not approve the 2010-2012 Action Plan on the first occasion of its being submitted for consideration. The wording of the draft resolution was returned to the author for review. The original draft resolution which the Government refused to approve committed the Government to earmarking financial resources for the implementation of activities set out in the Action Plan (approximately CZK 54 million over three years). The final wording commits the individual ministries to allocating financial resources for the implementation of the Action Plan “depending on the possibilities of the state budget”. page 9
Republic has been reporting the highest prevalence rates of the use of cannabis (as well as some other drugs, both legal and illegal) among European countries, particularly as far as children and young people are concerned. Unlike in some Western European countries, no targeted measures aimed at reducing (heavy) cannabis use have been taken in the Czech Republic thus far; to address the high levels of the problem use of opiates and pervitin by developing and applying specific programmes tailored to the users of these drugs. In the Czech Republic, problem drug use especially involves pervitin and also opiates/opioids. However, specific demand reduction and supply reduction interventions aimed at pervitin users are lacking. As far as opiate substitution is concerned, control and registration procedures (and the enforcement of such procedures) need to be reinforced and reimbursement for such interventions from public health insurance should be introduced; to strengthen the drug policy in relation to legal drugs (alcohol and tobacco), primarily in terms of policy and coordination mechanisms and treatment. As an innovation, an independent Alcohol and Tobacco domain was created in the Action Plan in relation to this priority. The evaluation of the 2005–2009 national strategy concluded that the previous strategy had failed in its effort to integrate legal drugs into the drug policy system, which is demonstrated by the inconsistent structure of coordination mechanisms in relation to legal drugs, the limited availability of data on the extent and consequences of the use of alcohol and tobacco, and on the measures being adopted or by the absence of a solid network and range of services intended for the users of legal drugs. As a result, by means of this dedicated area of interest, the Action Plan seeks to pay more attention to ways of interconnecting/incorporating the legal drug policy, particularly in terms of coordination and the availability of information; to develop and improve the drug policy’s overall legislative, financial, and coordination mechanisms. This priority reflects the results of the evaluation of the previous strategy, which suggest that it is necessary to pay special attention to the funding of the drug policy and the effective utilisation of the financial resources that are available, the coordination of multi-source funding, and seeking ways in which to facilitate the transition from a subsidy system to a system of reimbursement for services (including reimbursements from health insurance). 1.2.2. Implementation and Evaluation of the National Action Plan and/or Strategy 1.2.1.3 Implementation of the 2010–2012 Action Plan In order to facilitate the more effective evaluation of the implementation of the Action Plan, each intervention area encompasses milestones and deadlines for the completion of the activities, evaluation indicators, and the party responsible for the task and/or cooperating on the fulfilment thereof. Prerequisites are also defined for each activity. They refer to conditions which must be met for a given activity to be carried out. In particular, these assumptions involve the specification of the financial amounts needed for the implementation of the activity and the adoption of the relevant legislation. The course of the implementation of the 2010–2012 Action Plan should be evaluated annually. In view of the fact that the 2010–2012 Action Plan was adopted by the Government in January 2011, the 2010 evaluation was not conducted as planned. A report on the implementation of the Action Plan in the year 2010 and in the first half of 2011 will be submitted to the Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination in October 2011. 1.2.1.4 Evaluation of the National Strategy and of the Action Plan The evaluation of two previous drug policy strategic documents – the National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period 2005–2009 5 and the 2007–2009 Action Plan 6 – was finalised in 2010. Summaries of the conclusions of both evaluation reports were published in the 2009 Annual Report and in journals (Kiššová and Mravčík, 2011). 1.2.2 Other Drug Policy Developments The year 2010 experienced the initiation of an update of a long-term programme for the promotion of the health status of the population of the Czech Republic – Health for All in the 21 st Century – which falls within the responsibility of the Ministry of Health (Division for Public Health Protection and Support). Objective No. 12 addresses a reduction of the harm caused by alcohol, drugs, and tobacco. The evaluation of the accomplishment of the objectives was conducted until the end of 2010. The update has not been concluded as yet and the results have not been published. In May 2011 the Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination (GCDPC) approved the National Action Plan on the Drug Information System for the period 2011–2012 (NAPDIS). It is a useful tool in planning and evaluating the drug information system and in coordinating the activities of the institutions involved in the monitoring of the drug situation. NAPDIS sets out the objectives of the drug information system for the given period, defines the main sources of data, and assigns tasks and deadlines for the completion of such tasks. 5 http://www.vlada.cz/cz/ppov/protidrogova-politika/dokumenty/narodni-strategie/evaluace-narodni-strategie-protidrogove-politiky-naobdobi-20052009--86798/ (2011-08-26) 6 http://www.vlada.cz/cz/ppov/protidrogova-politika/dokumenty/akcni-plan/hodnoceni-implementace-akcniho-planu-2007-2009-74816/ (2011-08-26) page 10
Page 1: Annual Report The Czech Republic 20
Page 5 and 6: Annual Report: The Czech Republic -
Page 7 and 8: PART B: SELECTED ISSUES............
Page 9 and 10: In 2010 the very first representati
Page 11 and 12: In the Czech Republic, the treatmen
Page 13 and 14: PART A: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS
Page 15: ange applies to addictologists who
Page 19 and 20: Wenceslas Square and in the surroun
Page 21 and 22: Regions of the Czech Republic to ca
Page 23 and 24: Region Pardubice Vysočina South Mo
Page 25 and 26: educe drug supply (particularly to
Page 27 and 28: Map 1-1: 2010 drug policy expenditu
Page 29 and 30: Total state budget Regions Table 1-
Page 31 and 32: 1.3.2 Drug Treatment Costs Incurred
Page 33 and 34: Table 1-9: Costs incurred by health
Page 35 and 36: 2 Drug Use in the General Populatio
Page 37 and 38: Table 2-2: Prevalence rates of use
Page 39 and 40: The M-CIDI questionnaire, containin
Page 41 and 42: Table 2-6: Prevalence rates of use
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2-2: Attitudes towards crimi
Page 45 and 46: Table 2-7: Prevalence of use of can
Page 47 and 48: Table 2-8: 2010 Safer Party clients
Page 49 and 50: school curriculum and school rules;
Page 51 and 52: partly also by regional public heal
Page 53 and 54: 3.4 Indicated prevention Indicated
Page 55 and 56: 4 Problem Drug Use The EMCDDA defin
Page 57 and 58: Table 4-2: Prevalence estimates of
Page 59 and 60: Table 4-4: Prevalence estimates of
Page 61 and 62: The general population studies (see
Page 63 and 64: Information on treatment and counse
Page 65 and 66: 5.2.1 Professional Competency of Se
Page 67 and 68:
Table 5-6: Number of outpatient hea
Page 69 and 70:
Table 5-8: Number of healthcare fac
Page 71 and 72:
The proportions found for prescribi
Page 73 and 74:
Map 5-2: Sobering-up station networ
Page 75 and 76:
Table 5-14: Network of inpatient fa
Page 77 and 78:
care centres report to diagnostic i
Page 79 and 80:
cannabis, especially among adolesce
Page 81 and 82:
Map 5-4: Number of all treatment de
Page 83 and 84:
Figure 5-8: Selected characteristic
Page 85 and 86:
5.3.3.2 Clients in Opiate Substitut
Page 87 and 88:
Figure 5-10: Trends in the capacity
Page 89 and 90:
Table 5-23: Number of hospitalisati
Page 91 and 92:
Table 6-1: Number of newly detected
Page 93 and 94:
Figure 6-5: Reported incidence of s
Page 95 and 96:
The monitoring of testing for infec
Page 97 and 98:
Table 6-8: Results of testing for H
Page 99 and 100:
Table 6-9: Sharing of needles and s
Page 101 and 102:
tests for cannabis; see Table 6-12.
Page 103 and 104:
Pervitin was the cause of a fatal o
Page 105 and 106:
Table 6-15: Deaths with the presenc
Page 107 and 108:
Table 6-17: Fatal drug overdoses in
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 6-13: Comparison of trends i
Page 111 and 112:
7 Responses to Health Correlates an
Page 113 and 114:
Table 7-2: Selected services of low
Page 115 and 116:
Map 7-2: Number of needles and syri
Page 117 and 118:
Table 7-8: History of HBV, HCV, and
Page 119 and 120:
8 Social Correlates and Social Rein
Page 121 and 122:
Altogether, 987 clients (610 of the
Page 123 and 124:
9 Drug-Related Crime, Prevention of
Page 125 and 126:
Table 9-2: Number of persons arrest
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 9-1: Total number of persons
Page 129 and 130:
Table 9-7: Sentences and other meas
Page 131 and 132:
Table 9-9: Drug-related misdemeanou
Page 133 and 134:
in custody, and 8 being the inmates
Page 135 and 136:
(approximately 0.5%). However, only
Page 137 and 138:
Table 9-15: NGOs providing drug ser
Page 139 and 140:
Supported by the National Focal Poi
Page 141 and 142:
was rather bizarre. For example, th
Page 143 and 144:
shut down by the authorities. The l
Page 145 and 146:
the regional police headquarters on
Page 147 and 148:
conduct research in the area of pen
Page 149 and 150:
Republic for the Period 2011-2012 f
Page 151 and 152:
departments) or by the external pro
Page 153 and 154:
more than 10 clients, etc. This is
Page 155 and 156:
12 Drug Users with Children The aim
Page 157 and 158:
Childbirth and the National Registe
Page 159 and 160:
Table 12-2: Total number of mothers
Page 161 and 162:
(diagnostic institutions), and reha
Page 163 and 164:
12.3.2 Helping Services Help to chi
Page 165 and 166:
13 Cross-border Travel, Drug Use, a
Page 167 and 168:
ethnic minorities in the Czech Repu
Page 169 and 170:
LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Overview
Page 171 and 172:
Table 9-10: Criminal offences commi
Page 173 and 174:
SELECTED DRUG-RELATED WEB PAGES ON
Page 175 and 176:
2005-2009 National Strategy - Natio
Page 177 and 178:
ministry, 18, 41, 42, 115 ministry
Page 179 and 180:
Generální ředitelství Vězeňsk
Page 181 and 182:
Mravčík, V., Zábranský, T., Kor
Page 183 and 184:
Policie ČR (2011) Statistické př
Page 185 and 186:
Van den Berg, C., Smit, C., Van Bru
show all

The Czech Republic Annual Report 2010 Drug ... - Drogy-info.cz

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?