The Czech Republic Annual Report 2010 Drug ... - Drogy-info.cz

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A total of 149 valid responses were received to the open-ended question about the type of substance used (2 respondents could not remember the name of the NSD used). The answers included a mix of generic chemical names such as mephedrone, JWH, butylone, and DOB), the commercial names of the products (including Kokolino, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Euphoria), or various general descriptions (such as legal cannabis or substances similar to marijuana, pervitin, and cocaine). Following their categorisation, it may be estimated that at least one third of the respondents have used mephedrone or another cathinone (including mephedrone, butylone, products with the commercial names Konkret or Magic Apple, and so-called “legal speed”) and approximately 10–15% have used herbal preparations containing synthetic cannabinoids (Euphoria, Spice, Amsterdam, legal cannabis, or substances similar to marijuana). In addition to a wide range of other chemical or commercial names for drugs belonging to different groups (including tryptamines, phenethylamines, and hallucinogens in general), the respondents often reported that they had used drugs referred to as similar to traditional drugs (ecstasy, LSD, etc.); in most cases it was impossible to establish what specific NSD they meant. Out of this sample comprising 151 respondents who have used new synthetic drugs at least once in their lifetime, 80% and 7% reported the use of NSDs in the last year and the last month respectively; the fact that the majority of lifetime experiences are concentrated within the period of the past year also shows that NSDs are a relatively new phenomenon. Regular use in the last year was reported by 2% of the respondents, repeated use by 51%, and one-off experience was stated by 47% of the respondents; thus, the majority of NSD users may rather be referred to as experimenters (Národní monitorovací středisko pro drogy a drogové závislosti and Median, 2011a). For more information on new synthetic drugs (legal highs) see the chapters on Drug Use in the Nightlife Setting (p. 38) and Drug Markets (p. 131). 2.1.5 Attitudes towards Substance Use 2.1.5.1 Public Opinion Poll Centre’s Surveys The Public Opinion Poll Centre’s annual survey of tolerance towards selected groups of people, involving a sample of 1306 respondents aged over 15 years, was conducted in March 2011. The research project includes items concerning drug addicts and people dependent on alcohol. The level of tolerance is identified by means of a question in which the respondents were asked to choose groups of people whom they would not like to have as their neighbours. Traditionally, Czech citizens were least tolerant towards drug addicts (89% would not like to have them as their neighbours), people with a criminal history (80%), and people dependent on alcohol (79%). In all these groups, however, relatively stable levels over time can be observed; the public acceptance of gays and lesbians is rising, while growing intolerance towards the mentally ill and people with a different skin colour has been experienced since 2003 (Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění, 2011b). In May 2011 the Public Opinion Poll Centre conducted another representative survey (Citizens about Drugs) using a sample of 1115 respondents aged over 15 who were asked about their personal level of acceptance of substance use, their perception of the issue of drug treatment and support for drug users, and drug-related activities they consider criminally sanctionable. The survey also addressed the direct and indirect experience of illicit drug use. A total of 26% of the respondents reported having used cannabis in their lifetime (47% and 54% of the respondents aged 15–19 and 20–29 respectively), and 4% reported experience with another drug, including pervitin, heroin, and ecstasy. A total of 42% of the respondents personally know somebody who has used cannabis and 17% of the respondents know users of other illegal drugs. A total of 82% of the respondents find tobacco smoking acceptable and 77% also consider the consumption of alcohol acceptable behaviour. The use of pills (such as sleeping pills, painkillers, and tranquillisers) also meets with a high level of acceptance. Cannabis use, too, is acceptable for 25% of the interviewees (Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění, 2011a). The vast majority of the respondents agree with criminal prosecution for the production and sale of drugs (88%–94% of the respondents); 86% of the interviewees are in favour of sanctions for the growing of marijuana for sale. 83% of the respondents stated that users of drugs other than cannabis should be prosecuted and 61% were in favour of the prosecution of cannabis users. A total of 60% of the interviewees were against sanctions for the cultivation of marijuana for personal use and 74% of the respondents were against sanctions for the medical use of cannabis; see Figure 2-2. page 35
Figure 2-2: Attitudes towards criminal sanctions for selected activities, in % (Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění, 2011a) 2.1.5.2 Public Attitudes towards the Legalisation of Cannabis From May to June 2010 the SANEP Company conducted an internet survey involving a sample of 11,003 respondents aged 18–69 which focused on public attitudes towards the legalisation of marijuana, specifically on attitudes towards the possession, cultivation, and use of marijuana. A total of 42% of the respondents supported the legalisation of the possession, cultivation, and use of cannabis, while 61.8% agreed with the legalisation of cannabis for medical use. 57% of the respondents agreed with the moderation of criminal sanctions for the possession and growing of cannabis (SANEP s.r.o., 2011). A total of 49.9% of the respondents regarded marijuana use as being riskier than cigarette smoking and drinking, 37.5% found it less risky, and 12.6% of the respondents did not respond to this question; see Figure 2-3. Figure 2-3: Public attitudes to the legalisation of marijuana according to the 2010 SANEP survey, in % (SANEP s.r.o., 2011) 2.1.5.3 Eurobarometer: Young People’s Attitudes to Drugs In 2011, as part of the Eurobarometer thematic survey, the Czech Republic became involved in a comparative study concerning young people’s attitudes to drugs. A total of 503 respondents aged from 15 to 24 were interviewed in the Czech Republic. Data were collected using a telephone questionnaire (the Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview – CATI – method). The respondent sample was recruited by means of random sampling from a database of (landline) telephone numbers complemented by the snowball sampling technique involving the respondents providing contacts to their peers. The items under study included the perceived availability of both legal and illegal drugs, sources of information about drugs, drug-related health risks, and legal aspects of drug use. The survey showed that, in comparison to their peers in other European countries, young people in the Czech Republic report relatively easy access to alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis (75% of the interviewees reported that it is page 36
Page 1: Annual Report The Czech Republic 20
Page 5 and 6: Annual Report: The Czech Republic -
Page 7 and 8: PART B: SELECTED ISSUES............
Page 9 and 10: In 2010 the very first representati
Page 11 and 12: In the Czech Republic, the treatmen
Page 13 and 14: PART A: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS
Page 15 and 16: ange applies to addictologists who
Page 17 and 18: Republic has been reporting the hig
Page 19 and 20: Wenceslas Square and in the surroun
Page 21 and 22: Regions of the Czech Republic to ca
Page 23 and 24: Region Pardubice Vysočina South Mo
Page 25 and 26: educe drug supply (particularly to
Page 27 and 28: Map 1-1: 2010 drug policy expenditu
Page 29 and 30: Total state budget Regions Table 1-
Page 31 and 32: 1.3.2 Drug Treatment Costs Incurred
Page 33 and 34: Table 1-9: Costs incurred by health
Page 35 and 36: 2 Drug Use in the General Populatio
Page 37 and 38: Table 2-2: Prevalence rates of use
Page 39 and 40: The M-CIDI questionnaire, containin
Page 41: Table 2-6: Prevalence rates of use
Page 45 and 46: Table 2-7: Prevalence of use of can
Page 47 and 48: Table 2-8: 2010 Safer Party clients
Page 49 and 50: school curriculum and school rules;
Page 51 and 52: partly also by regional public heal
Page 53 and 54: 3.4 Indicated prevention Indicated
Page 55 and 56: 4 Problem Drug Use The EMCDDA defin
Page 57 and 58: Table 4-2: Prevalence estimates of
Page 59 and 60: Table 4-4: Prevalence estimates of
Page 61 and 62: The general population studies (see
Page 63 and 64: Information on treatment and counse
Page 65 and 66: 5.2.1 Professional Competency of Se
Page 67 and 68: Table 5-6: Number of outpatient hea
Page 69 and 70: Table 5-8: Number of healthcare fac
Page 71 and 72: The proportions found for prescribi
Page 73 and 74: Map 5-2: Sobering-up station networ
Page 75 and 76: Table 5-14: Network of inpatient fa
Page 77 and 78: care centres report to diagnostic i
Page 79 and 80: cannabis, especially among adolesce
Page 81 and 82: Map 5-4: Number of all treatment de
Page 83 and 84: Figure 5-8: Selected characteristic
Page 85 and 86: 5.3.3.2 Clients in Opiate Substitut
Page 87 and 88: Figure 5-10: Trends in the capacity
Page 89 and 90: Table 5-23: Number of hospitalisati
Page 91 and 92: Table 6-1: Number of newly detected
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Figure 6-5: Reported incidence of s
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The monitoring of testing for infec
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Table 6-8: Results of testing for H
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Table 6-9: Sharing of needles and s
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tests for cannabis; see Table 6-12.
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Pervitin was the cause of a fatal o
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Table 6-15: Deaths with the presenc
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Table 6-17: Fatal drug overdoses in
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Figure 6-13: Comparison of trends i
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7 Responses to Health Correlates an
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Table 7-2: Selected services of low
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Map 7-2: Number of needles and syri
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Table 7-8: History of HBV, HCV, and
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8 Social Correlates and Social Rein
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Altogether, 987 clients (610 of the
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9 Drug-Related Crime, Prevention of
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Table 9-2: Number of persons arrest
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Figure 9-1: Total number of persons
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Table 9-7: Sentences and other meas
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Table 9-9: Drug-related misdemeanou
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in custody, and 8 being the inmates
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(approximately 0.5%). However, only
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Table 9-15: NGOs providing drug ser
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Supported by the National Focal Poi
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was rather bizarre. For example, th
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shut down by the authorities. The l
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the regional police headquarters on
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conduct research in the area of pen
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Republic for the Period 2011-2012 f
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departments) or by the external pro
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more than 10 clients, etc. This is
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12 Drug Users with Children The aim
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Childbirth and the National Registe
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Table 12-2: Total number of mothers
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(diagnostic institutions), and reha
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12.3.2 Helping Services Help to chi
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13 Cross-border Travel, Drug Use, a
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ethnic minorities in the Czech Repu
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Overview
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Table 9-10: Criminal offences commi
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SELECTED DRUG-RELATED WEB PAGES ON
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2005-2009 National Strategy - Natio
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ministry, 18, 41, 42, 115 ministry
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Generální ředitelství Vězeňsk
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Mravčík, V., Zábranský, T., Kor
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Policie ČR (2011) Statistické př
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Van den Berg, C., Smit, C., Van Bru
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