GIMP tools - BDA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) <strong>GIMP</strong> 18 It is a graphics interchange format, introduced by CompuServe in 1987. At that time it was used for transferring images by computer networks. In 1989 the format was enhanced, which added support for transparent background and animation. This format has the extension .gif. It is a compressed format and very suitable for compressing images of one colour, i.e. one colour by vertical or horizontal pixels. It uses LZW 11 compression which compress without losing images with up to 256 colours. This format is usually used for drawings and charts. It supports transparency, animation. In this format files take the least space, therefore they are suitable for creating banners, buttons, logotypes and any other website elements. This graphics format is very popular on the Internet. It is supported by all browsers and most of the graphics editors. Due to the qualities of a compression algorithm (limitation of the colour palette up to 256 colours or less, compression with expander according to horizontal lines), it may deliver very small graphics files, where the initial image has large areas of uniform colour. However, it is not suitable or barely suitable for saving photos and images with large horizontal gradients. The file saved will be large and of rather average quality. GIF has another wonderful quality, namely line by line data storage. Lines are grouped and their order in the file is changed. This leads to the possibility to upload the image in several stages. When we have only part of the file, we can see it all only with a lower resolution. This possibility is widely used in websites. Here, the user has to remember that such saving increases the size of a file. Advantages of the format include good compression, animation support and line by line data saving. Transparency is only partially supported. The drawback of the format is low colour depth (8 bits) and a limited number of colours (256). JPG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) It is a wide spread graphics format, supported by all browsers and many graphics editors. The common filename extensions for this format are .jpeg, .jfif, .jpg, .jpe, however .jpg is the most common one. The image saved in the JPEG format does not lose its quality. During the compression process, an image is divided into blocks. Each block has it own colour palette, on the basis of which it is encoded. As a rule, not all colours used in the image participate in the compression of a block, therefore the palette is rather limited (it also depends on the selected quality parameter). If an image has many sharp colour transitions, a high level of compression leads to a distinctly artifacted image (a form of noise around contrasting edges). This may be avoided by choosing a higher quality parameter. In such a case, the file size considerably increases, which means low usage of the format. This format does not support the transparency effect. 11 Lempel-Ziv-Welch.
19 When you save a file in this format, you can indicate the quality of the image saved. The highest quality is 90%. The remaining 10% is not visible to a human eye, but it increases the file size. The main drawback is the loss of quality. If a file is highly compressed, it loses colours, brightness, tiny details. Even though this format has many drawbacks, it is popular and possesses certain merits. Almost all digital photos are transferred in this format. It is always used when high colour transfer definition is not required. The main drawback is the loss of quality. PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Raster graphics images saved in this format do not lose their quality. It is an alternative to GIF, which until 2006 required various licences. Due to this, a new graphics format was introduced in 1995. It was originally called Portable Bitmap format. PNG is specifically designated for the Internet, replacing GIF and JPG formats. This format saves colours with 8-bit (PNG – 8) encoding and is similar to GIF in terms of characteristics. Saving an image in 24-bit (PNG – 24) encoding ensures high-quality transition qualities and a good level of photo compression. The format supports transparency. The only drawback is that it is not supported by old browsers and a few simple graphics editors. The main strengths of this format are: lossless image compression supports the unlimited number of colours supports transparency possible gama correction This format is characterised with the best GIF qualities, and additionally supports the unlimited number of colours and transparency. If an image has few colours (2–16), it is recommended to save it in GIF format: a file will be smaller and PNG does not support animation. TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) It is another raster image file format, introduced by Microsoft and Aldus. TIFF has information on the colour space, which is highly important when processing colours. It is like a large array of pixels saved in a large file. This format is widely used in publishing, image scanning, text recognition, sending fax messages. TIFF has been chosen by NeXTstep and MacOS operating systems as the main graphics format. It uses extensions .tiff; .tif. The format saves images of RGB, CMYK, YcbCr, CIE Lab colour models, mono (two colours), black-and-white, indexed colours. It also supports images with 8, 16, 32, 64 bits per channel. Files in this format may be compressed. The level of compression depends on the selected algorithm:
Page 1 and 2: STUDENT’S BOOK GIMP This work is
Page 3 and 4: 3 Foreground & Background Colors __
Page 5 and 6: 5 Copying and merging layers ______
Page 7 and 8: 7 Round corners ___________________
Page 9 and 10: 9 Introduction Gimp 1 is a graphics
Page 11 and 12: 11 Environment This dialog lets you
Page 13 and 14: 13 Theme This section lets the user
Page 15 and 16: 15 If the Use “Dot for dot” by
Page 17: 17 space. If you can choose between
Page 21 and 22: 21 If you need to change a folder o
Page 23 and 24: 23 There is no need to select more
Page 25 and 26: 25 Image Window GIMP lets you work
Page 27 and 28: 27 If the drop-down list does not i
Page 29 and 30: 29 Pixel is a single point in the i
Page 31 and 32: 31 RGB model Colours are represente
Page 33 and 34: 33 3) from the keyboard using an ac
Page 35 and 36: 35 1. Replace the current selection
Page 37 and 38: 37 In the selection, corners the po
Page 39 and 40: 39 Guides 18 - you can choose the t
Page 41 and 42: 41 We already know the first three
Page 43 and 44: 43 the mouse pointer inside the pat
Page 45 and 46: 45 Select the adjacent white areas
Page 47 and 48: 47 Foreground Select Tool lets you
Page 49 and 50: 49 context menu and select Alpha to
Page 51 and 52: 51 You have to clone some of the st
Page 53 and 54: 53 a) Standard Toolbox b) Tools ico
Page 55 and 56: 55 At first select one of the three
Page 57 and 58: 57 Moving Brightness and Contract s
Page 59 and 60: 59 Levels When working with a low d
Page 61 and 62: 61 Curves This tool changes the col
Page 63 and 64: 63 Reducing the value reduces the n
Page 65 and 66: 65 Select the operation from the Op
Page 67 and 68: 67 2. Access the command through Co
Page 69 and 70:
69 The dialog box has two groups of
Page 71 and 72:
71 a) Original image b) After the c
Page 73 and 74:
73 When you open an image and use t
Page 75 and 76:
75 14. Now try to blur the boundari
Page 77 and 78:
77 Tool Name of the tool Shape of t
Page 79 and 80:
79 Tool Name of the tool Shape of t
Page 81 and 82:
81 The dialog box displays the foll
Page 83 and 84:
83 Scale allows you precisely to mo
Page 85 and 86:
85 not added together. Activate Inc
Page 87 and 88:
87 o o BG color fill - the fill col
Page 89 and 90:
89 Thresholds = 15 Thresholds = 35
Page 91 and 92:
91 It should be mentioned that the
Page 93 and 94:
93 The Clone method mixes strokes w
Page 95 and 96:
95 The Perspective Clone Tool has t
Page 97 and 98:
97 Healing Select the Healing Tool
Page 99 and 100:
99 9. Name the image, indicate the
Page 101 and 102:
101 The operations performed by thi
Page 103 and 104:
103 Colour picking Pick a foregroun
Page 105 and 106:
105 Type - to choose the effect of
Page 107 and 108:
107 them, you see the overall image
Page 109 and 110:
109 layer is highlighted by a darke
Page 111 and 112:
111 The layer is selected and moved
Page 113 and 114:
113 Copying and merging layers Sele
Page 115 and 116:
115 Mode Description appearance. Th
Page 117 and 118:
117 Name of the command Layer to Im
Page 119 and 120:
119 Disable the Quick Mask mode. In
Page 121 and 122:
121 9. The selected lilies are copi
Page 123 and 124:
123 2. Reverse the layers. In the L
Page 125 and 126:
125 colour (ffffff) The top part of
Page 127 and 128:
127 Font - you can select a font an
Page 129 and 130:
129 There is only the Background la
Page 131 and 132:
131 The text is hardly legible. Cha
Page 133 and 134:
133 Thus, it is not recommended to
Page 135 and 136:
135 Edit Mode allows you selecting
Page 137 and 138:
137 In this mode you can fully edit
Page 139 and 140:
139 Create a new name of the path i
Page 141 and 142:
141 Close Tab - you can close the a
Page 143 and 144:
143 Every point (pixel) is a combin
Page 145 and 146:
145 Repeat steps 1-4. 5. Set the sl
Page 147 and 148:
147 Open the list of special comman
Page 149 and 150:
149 In the middle of the dialog, yo
Page 151 and 152:
151 Press the left mouse button and
Page 153 and 154:
153 You have just performed four ac
Page 155 and 156:
155 Below you can find lists where
Page 157 and 158:
157 You can set a colour using slid
Page 159 and 160:
159 In the Change Foreground Color
Page 161 and 162:
161 Button Name Description o angle
Page 163 and 164:
163 5. Create a copy of the petal a
Page 165 and 166:
165 1. Open a website where you fou
Page 167 and 168:
167 Button Name Description New gra
Page 169 and 170:
169 Click on the colour and it is a
Page 171 and 172:
171 Buffers It is an exchange buffe
Page 173 and 174:
173 At the bottom of the tab dialog
Page 175 and 176:
175 Button Name Description Name -
Page 177 and 178:
177 Error console This dialog displ
Page 179 and 180:
179 It is applied to cover unwanted
Page 181 and 182:
181 a) original image b) image afte
Page 183 and 184:
183 2. Apply FiltersBlur Pixelize c
Page 185 and 186:
185 Motion blur The filter creates
Page 187 and 188:
187 B. 1. Select FileOpen command t
Page 189 and 190:
189 Enhance filters The filters of
Page 191 and 192:
191 The filter is designed to remov
Page 193 and 194:
193 Red eye removal This filter doe
Page 195 and 196:
195 Filter name Short description W
Page 197 and 198:
197 Filter name Short description C
Page 199 and 200:
199 A. c) Opacity - 100; Curl Locat
Page 201 and 202:
201 3. Set the following parameters
Page 203 and 204:
203 The colour of battens depends o
Page 205 and 206:
205 a) original image b) after the
Page 207 and 208:
207 How to use this filter? 1. Open
Page 209 and 210:
209 Curve bend The filter distorts
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
213 Apply Lens - create an effect o
Page 215 and 216:
215 o Center - set the coordinates
Page 217 and 218:
217 Center of Nova - choose the loc
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
221 To apply the filter to a word,
Page 223 and 224:
223 The slider of the Value scale i
Page 225 and 226:
225 If checked, the Independent RGB
Page 227 and 228:
227 1. Open an image; 2. Choose Fil
Page 229 and 230:
229 Enter values to the matrix boxe
Page 231 and 232:
231 1. Open image oil_1.jpg; 2. App
Page 233 and 234:
233 TASK. Open image can_1.jpg and
Page 235 and 236:
235 Cubism This filter modifies the
Page 237 and 238:
237 c) 1. Open image kub_1.jpg; 2.
Page 239 and 240:
239 a) original image b) image afte
Page 241 and 242:
241 a) original image b) after the
Page 243 and 244:
243 Check the Add drop-shadow check
Page 245 and 246:
245 The filter adds a fuzzy, blurre
Page 247 and 248:
247 Delta value on color - make the
Page 249 and 250:
249 If checked, the Work on copy ch
Page 251 and 252:
251 Font color - yellow (HTML notat
Page 253 and 254:
253 Filter name Designation Render
Page 255 and 256:
255 The Number of Titles group-box
Page 257 and 258:
257 The Width parameter sets the wi
Page 259 and 260:
259 The filter covers all layers or
Page 261 and 262:
261 5. Apply FiltersRenderLava comm
Page 263 and 264:
263 Circuit The filter create appli
Page 265 and 266:
265 4. Select the Bucket Fill Tool
Page 267 and 268:
267 24. Paint a mouth. To open a ne
Page 269 and 270:
269 3. As a drop-down list of file
Page 271 and 272:
271 RGB RGB is the default color mo
Page 273 and 274:
273 By means of the color model sel
Page 275 and 276:
275 If the working window (canvas)
Page 277 and 278:
277 Apply ImageGuidesNew Guide (by
Page 279 and 280:
279 ImageGuidesNew Guides from Sele
Page 281 and 282:
281 one of the selected units becau
Page 283 and 284:
283 2. Press Smurge Tool . Remove t
Page 285 and 286:
285 3. To make it easier to retouch
Page 287 and 288:
287 6. Now invert colors. Apply Col
Page 289 and 290:
289 11. Now, we will retouch the ey
Page 291 and 292:
291 a) objects selected in the mask
Page 293 and 294:
293 6. Move the Background layer up
Page 295 and 296:
295 a) before the filter is applied
Page 297 and 298:
297 7.2. Apply Filters ArtisticWeav
Page 299 and 300:
299 Before designing such a "busine
Page 301 and 302:
301 6.2. Apply EditCopy command; 6.
Page 303 and 304:
303 3. Go back to RGB color model.
Page 305 and 306:
305 7. Press the Flip Tool. Select
Page 307 and 308:
307 8. Draw the luminous windows fo
Page 309 and 310:
309 15. We will now use the filter
Page 311 and 312:
311 24.1. Drag the corners of the s
Page 313 and 314:
313 12. Enter text TALLINN KOOLITUS
Page 315 and 316:
315 2.1. Enter the banner text to t
Page 317 and 318:
317 23. Choose Filters Light and Sh
Page 319 and 320:
319 13. In the Paths dialog, click
Page 321 and 322:
321 3. Make sure that the options d
Page 323 and 324:
323 9. Change the layer properties
Page 325 and 326:
325 5.3. Press OK; 6. In the Layers
Page 327 and 328:
327 4. Select the Blend Tool and ad
Page 329 and 330:
329 23. We may apply various filter
show all

GIMP tools - BDA

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?