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164 THIRD WHO REPORT ON NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES *** Fig. 4.15.2 Number of preschool-aged children (1–14 years) treated and global coverage of preventive chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminthiases, by WHO region, 2008–2012 Number of people treated Millions 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 Global coverage (%) 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Year 0 African Region Region of the Americas Eastern Mediterranean Region European Region South-East Asia Region Western Pacific Region Global coverage Fig. 4.15.3 Number of school-age children (5–12 years) treated and global coverage of preventive chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminthiases in this age group, by WHO region, 2008–2012 Number of people treated Millions 300 250 200 150 100 50 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 Global coverage (%) 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Year 0 African Region Region of the Americas Eastern Mediterranean Region European Region South-East Asia Region Western Pacific Region Global coverage
*** THE DISEASES − CHAPTER 4 165 Progress towards Roadmap targets WHO recommends the regular administration of preventive chemotherapy with albendazole or mebendazole as the main intervention for controlling soil-transmitted helminthiases. The coverage of this intervention is the main indicator for success. Based on expanded coverage in recent years and increasing requests for donated medicines, the Roadmap’s target of 50% coverage of school-age children by 2015 is feasible. Furthermore, most of the endemic countries have prepared an integrated plan of action for NTD control that includes plans and budget estimates in accordance with the 2015 milestones (Table 4.15.1). Global coverage of preventive chemotherapy increased significantly during 2009, reaching more than 273 million children or roughly 30% of those in need. In 2010, this number remained constant (4). The main coverage increase was in school-age children, the age group for which donated medicines are available (Fig. 4.15.3). Coverage in preschool-age children decreased slightly; discussions to obtain donated, quality-assured medicines for this age group are under way. In order to achieve the 75% coverage target by 2020, WHO is focussing efforts on implementing preventive chemotherapy programmes against soil-transmitted helminthiases in the 10 most populous countries where more than 65% of the children needing treatment reside (Fig. 4.15.4). Programmes at different scale are implemented in eight countries (Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Indonesia and the United Republic of Tanzania). Table 4.15.1 Milestones for eliminating soil-transmitted helminthiases as a public-health problem in children (status as of 2014) Year Milestone 2013 National plans of action for NTD control developed by 75% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH (achieved) National policies for STH control involving intersectoral collaboration (for example, in education and water and sanitation sectors) exist in 75% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH (achieved) Manuals for control of STH in all at-risk groups produced and disseminated (2 manuals produced and 1 manual drafted) Mapping to identify areas requiring preventive chemotherapy completed in all countries where STH are endemic (in progress) 2015 National plans of action for NTD control developed by 100% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH National policies for STH control involving intersectoral collaboration (for example, in education and water and sanitation sectors) available in 100% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH 50% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH have achieved 75% national coverage of SAC and pre-SAC, and 50% of SAC and pre-SAC needing treatment worldwide have been treated 2020 100% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH have achieved 75% national coverage of SAC and pre-SAC 100% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH regularly assess intensity of the infections in sentinel sites Less than 1% of countries requiring preventive chemotherapy for STH have infection of high or moderate intensity 75–100% of children (SAC and pre-SAC) needing preventive chemotherapy worldwide have been treated NTD, neglected tropical disease; pre-SAC, preschool-age children; SAC, school-age children; STH, soil-transmitted helminthiases
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