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4 THIRD WHO REPORT ON NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES *** Box 1.1 Registering progress Controlling schistosomiasis in China China has sustained the national schistosomiasis control programme and interrupted transmission in most endemic areas through a comprehensive multi-pronged strategy phased out over several decades. The strategy includes construction of dams, delivery of potable water and providing basic sanitation. 1 WHO is working with the Ministry of Health on a pilot project in Zanzibar on the use and transfer of Chinese expertise through a joint China–Africa–WHO collaboration for schistosomiasis control. Joining forces to eliminate visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh Bangladesh is poised to eliminate visceral leishmaniasis as a public-health problem and is edging closer to the target of achieving 1 case per 10 000 inhabitants per year in endemic areas at sub-district level by 2015. Through community mobilization, access to improved antileishmanial medicines, a strong national control programme, a robust surveillance system and an integrated vector control programme, more than 15 000 cases were diagnosed and treated during the past 5 years. In 2013, 1284 cases were reported to WHO compared with 4293 cases in 2009. This represents a reduction of more than 70% in the number of new cases reported annually. 2 _____________________ 1 China’s sustained drive to eliminate neglected tropical diseases. Lancet. 2014;14:881–884. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70727-3. 2 http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/leishmaniasis_Bangladesh_2014/en/ In the Region of the Americas, new levels of political commitment have emerged. During the meeting of the Organization of American States in June 2013, Heads of State endorsed resolution CD49.R19 of the 49th Directing Council on the elimination of neglected diseases and other poverty-related infections. That resolution urged Member States of endemic countries to implement, among other things, treatment strategies in an integrated way and with broad community participation so that these diseases would no longer be considered public-health problems by 2015. Also in June 2013, the regional meeting of the Council of Ministers of Health of Central America and the Dominican Republic recognized the importance of NTD control and elimination to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (for 2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (for 2030), including universal health coverage. Table 1.1 highlights the progress accomplished in WHO’s regions.
*** THE RESOLUTION AND THE ROADMAP − CHAPTER 1 5 Table 1.1 Regional highlights WHO African Region March 2014 April 2013 December 2013 WHO establishes a network of stakeholders to achieve elimination of human African trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense) as a public-health problem by 2020. Sustained control has resulted in a reduction of more than 90% in the number of reported cases. In 2013, 6314 new cases were reported to WHO compared with 7216 cases in 2012. The Sixth Conference of African Union Ministers of Health calls on countries to do more to invest in and promote country ownership of NTD programmes and agrees to increase collectively overall support for NTD control and elimination programmes. “Large” (populous) countries such as Ethiopia and Nigeria launch an NTD master plan. During its 63rd session, the WHO Regional Committee for Africa endorses a regional strategy on NTDs 1 and the regional NTD strategic plan (2014–2020). 2 Côte d’Ivoire, Niger and Nigeria are certifi ed free of dracunculiasis transmission. WHO Region of the Americas July 2013 August 2013 September 2014 Colombia becomes the fi rst country in the region to be certifi ed free of onchocerciasis and the third country in the region to launch a 5-year integrated national plan to address trachoma and soiltransmitted helminthiases. Guatemala launches a multi-year (2013–2015) integrated national plan on onchocerciasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, Chagas disease, visceral leishmaniasis, trachoma and leprosy. Ecuador is declared the second onchocerciasis-free country in the region. WHO Western Pacific Region September 2013 Ministers attending an annual meeting in the Philippines sign a Wall of Commitment to end six of the most common NTDs in the country by 2018. 3 WHO South-East Asia Region July 2013 September 2013 Ministers of Health from the 17 high-burden leprosy countries in all WHO regions, with relevant stakeholders and WHO, sign the Bangkok Declaration towards a leprosy-free world. 4 The Government of India announces that it is working with all stakeholders and the community towards meeting the objectives of WHA66.12 and is committed to sustaining momentum of efforts to tackle NTDs. 5 1 http://www.afro.who.int/en/downloads/doc_download/8638-afrrc6310-regional-strategy-on-neglected-tropical-diseases-in-the-who-african-region-20142020-.html 2 http://www.afro.who.int/en/downloads/doc_download/8637-afrrrc6310add-regional-strategic-plan-for-ntds-in-the-african-region-20142020.html 3 http://endtheneglect.org/2013/10/the-writings-on-the-wall-philippines-marks-its-commitment-to-end-ntds/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-writings-on-the-wall-philippines-marks-its-commitment-to-end-ntds 4 http://www.searo.who.int/entity/global_leprosy_programme/Bangkok_Declaration_24July2013.pdf 5 http://www.schoolsandhealth.org/Shared%20Documents/Action%20on%20Neglected%20Tropical%20Diseases%20in%20India.pdf Against this positive outlook, some serious challenges remain.
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*** ANNEXES 189 Annex 5. Medicines
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*** ANNEXES 191 WHO REGIONAL OFFICE
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