PACIFIC WORLD - The Institute of Buddhist Studies

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2 Pacific World The Institute of Buddhist Studies wishes to thank the many people and organizations that made this symposium possible, including Socho Koshin Ogui of the Buddhist Churches of America; Dr. Takamaro Shigaraki, Professor Emeritus, Ryukoku University; the Stanford Center for Buddhist Studies; the George Aratani Endowment for the IBS Center for Contemporary Shin Buddhist Studies; the Reverend Russell Hamada Memorial Endowment for Contemporary Shin Buddhist Studies; the Yehan Numata Foundation; and the BCA Research and Propagation Program.
Keynote Address: The Meaning of Practice in Shin Buddhism Takamaro Shigaraki Professor Emeritus, Ryukoku University, Kyoto I. THE FUNDAMENTAL STANDPOINT OF BUDDHISM RELIGIONS GENERALLY SEEK to acknowledge the existence of some kind of transcendent being and bring about persons’ reliance upon or obedience to that transcendent power. The structure of the Buddhist teaching is completely different, however. Buddhism encourages us to engage in profound reflection on the reality that we human beings lead lives of ignorance, emptiness, and falsity in our everyday, secular lives. Through a penetrating insight into ourselves, we are subjectively made to negate the present state of our being, which remains buried in the secular world. Buddhism, moreover, focuses on our attainment of true human growth as we search for a higher way of life by awakening supramundane wisdom. One who realizes the fulfillment of such wisdom is called a “buddha,” and Buddhism reveals the path leading to the attainment of buddhahood. Buddhism teaches that, as our minds become purified, we realize a profound awakening to ultimate truth that pervades the universe, just as Śākyamuni did. Hence, it proposes that we cast off the old shells of our ego-selves through the ongoing repetition and deepening of this experience of awakening, and that, as we do, we realize true growth and maturity as human beings. In this sense, Buddhism can be distinguished from religions in general. While constituting the teachings expounded by the Buddha, Buddhism is, at the same time, a teaching through which we are enabled to become buddhas. 1 Buddhism clarifies the path by which human beings come to awaken supramundane wisdom. The original Buddhist scriptures explain that the most fundamental path of practice is “the middle path” (Skt. madhyamā pratipad, Jpn. chūdō). 2 The middle path expresses our liberation from the extremes of sensual indulgence and ascetic practices. It also points to our engagement in a total self-negation of our own state of being. At the same time, it indicates that Buddhist life involves a whole-hearted aspiration for 3
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Book Review 177 Making Pilgrimages:
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Book Review 179 and, more recently,
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BDK ENGLISH TRIPIṬAKA SERIES: A P
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PACIFIC WORLD - The Institute of Buddhist Studies

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