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Mammals Indicator 3: Get practical examples of successful bison re-introduction in thewild of Yakutia.Project SummaryThe project for the re-introduction of wood bison in Russia was implemented bythe importation of 90 bison from Elk Island National Park in Canada. The animalswere brought in groups of 30 individuals for several years. The history of thewood bison started in 1965 when 23 individuals were delivered which became thepopulation founders. Also we assumed that the imported bison had all the geneticpolymorphism. The imported bison have successfully adapted to the local climateand the low winter temperatures. This is an important consideration, since inDecember - January the average temperature is -40 0 and the temperature isoften below -50 0 . In the summer season there is a large number of mosquitoesand heat, which is a problem for ungulates.Wood bison were placed in two breeding centers, located at a distance of 200 kmfrom each other and in a place with a low density of domestic animals. This isimportant to ensure the biosecurity of the bison. The bison began to successfullyreproduce, and their population dynamics can be seen in table 1. Supplementaryfeeding is available only during the winter but a few experiments were alsoconducted on male bison without supplementary winter feed in the wild. Theseexperiments were successful and the results will be integrated into moresuccessful management of the wild bison.Table 1. An update of bison numbers from the two breeding centers195Year2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 <strong>2013</strong>Breeding Center, Lenskii Stolby National ParkImported from Canada 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Birth 0 0 6 7 8 10 5 ?Death 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0Removed 0 0 0 6 7 8 9 5Year end total 28 26 32 33 34 36 32 27Breeding Center, Timpinay National Park SinyyImported from Canada 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 30Imported fromBuotoma0 0 0 6 7 8 9 5Birth 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 ?Death 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0Year end total 0 0 0 6 13 49 60 95GRAND TOTAL 28 26 32 39 47 85 92 122
MammalsOverview of the Yakutia territoryMajor difficultiesfaced This project is ongoingwith support and fundingfrom the Government ofthe Republic of Yakutia,which ensures itssustainable development. Problems of adaptationto the harsh climate of thisunique region wereovercome as well. A problem remains withthe presence of bearsliving in the nearbynational parks.Success of projectHighly Successful Successful Partially Successful FailureReason(s) for success/failure:n/aReferencesEermolova N. M. (1978) The mammal fauna valley Angara later antropogene.Novosibirsk, Nauka, P. 1 - 220Flerov K. K. (1977) Bison North-East Siberia/in: mammoth fauna and its Habitatin the antropogene environment. USSA, L., P. 39-56Flerov K.K. 1979. Systematics and evolution//Bison. The morphology,systematics, evolution, ecology. M., Science, P. 9-127.Lorenzen E. D., David Nogués-Bravo, Ludovic Orlando, Jaco Weinstock, JonasBinladen, Marske K. A., Andrew Ugan, Borregaard M. K., Gilbert T. P., RasmusNielsen, Simon Y. W., Ted Goebel, Graf K. E., David Byers, Stenderup J. T.,Morten Rasmussen, Campos P. F., Leonard J. A., Klaus-Peter Koepfli, DuaneFroese, Grant Zazula, Stafford T. W., Kim Aaris-Sørensen, Persaram Batra,Haywood A. M., Singarayer J. S., Valdes P. J., Boeskorov G. G., Burns J. A.,Davydov S. P., James Haile, Jenkins D. L., Kosintsev P. A., Kuznetsova T.V.,Xulong Lai, Martin L. D., McDonald H. G., Dick Mo, Morten Meldgaard, KasperMunch, Elisabeth Stephan, Sablin M. V., Sommer R. S., Sipko T. P., Eric Scott,Suchard M. A., Tikhonov A. N., Rane Willerslev, Wayne R. K., Alan Cooper,Michael Hofreite, Sher A. V., Beth Shapiro, Carsten Rahbek & Eske Willerslev196
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Global Re-introductionPerspectives:
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The designation of geographical ent
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CONTENTSLetter from Shaikha Al Dhah
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Shaikha Al Dhaheri,Executive Direct
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An overview and analysis of the re-
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Invertebratesas a UK species byincr
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Invertebratesrestore hydrological c
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InvertebratesThe translocation of t
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Invertebratesrelease sites for over
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FishInvertebratesExamining genetic
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FishInvertebratesyears of negative
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FishInvertebratesdisrupting benefic
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Fishwith irregular shores and botto
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Fish Stocking ofbroodfishes innatur
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FishSuccess of projectHighly Succes
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Fish22Goal 4: Removal of alienfish
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FishMajor lessons learned Although
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FishSetting the stage for conservat
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FishTemporary fish movement barrier
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Fish30years (2002 - 2004). By 2005
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Fishin an adaptive manner and led t
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Amphibians Indicator 2:Thedistribut
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AmphibiansMajor difficulties faced
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Reptilessnakes to the Conecuh Natio
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Reptilesindividuals studied near th
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ReptilesExperimental translocation
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ReptilesImplementation: We did an i
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ReptilesSuccess of projectHighly Su
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Reptilesappropriate managementand i
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Reptiles Small enough VHFtagswith l
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BirdsRe-introduction of vinaceous A
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BirdsThe door is closed at night(to
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Birdsmore aggressive ones, and re e
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Birds Sub-Goal 1: To keep acaptive
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Birdsdaytime. All individuals were
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BirdsRe-introduction of brown-heade
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BirdsAviaries were constructed to b
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Birds High rates of reproduction an
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Birdsdifferent locations (see: www.
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Birdsthat include natural nesting c
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BirdsBrekke, P., Bennett, P. M., Sa
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Birdsacted as the source for anaugm
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Birdsfood was provided in andaround
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Birds The re-introduction program p
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Birdsconsidered a ‘flagship’spe
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Birdsestablished in the U.S. toaid
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BirdsRe-introduction of the orienta
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Birdsfledged, with 29 of them still
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BirdsIUCN (1998) Guidelines for Re-
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Birdscontrol on ShanganiRanch, so t
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Birdswhen cattle were rounded up. S
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BirdsBrown treecreeper re-introduct
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Birdsvegetation cover throughkangar
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Birdstreecreeper nataldispersers. T
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Birds The Norman Wettenhall Foundat
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Birds Goal 4: Use the bluebird as a
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BirdsMajor difficultiesfaced In 200
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MammalsRe-introduction and recovery
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MammalsImplementation:Captive breed
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Mammalsrecognized thatinterbreeding
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Mammalsre-introduced population of
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Mammals Continued research and moni
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Mammalsyears. In 1998 the UnitedSta
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Mammals Poor husbandry in livestock
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Mammalsof two connected reintroduce
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MammalsOverall mortality duringthe
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MammalsRe-introduction of the brown
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Mammals~1,700 km 2 for supporting a
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MammalsMajor lessons learned Import
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MammalsTranslocation of Hawaiian mo
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Mammalsthe scale of translocations.
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Mammals Weaned pups aremost amenabl
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MammalsRe-introduction and suppleme
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Mammalscomposition of the groups re
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MammalsShangangwe enclosurewere ini
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MammalsRe-introduction of Père Dav
Page 160 and 161: Mammalssangunalis and Setariaviridi
Page 162 and 163: MammalsSuccess of projectHighly Suc
Page 164 and 165: Mammalsfor Lichtenstein’s hartebe
Page 166 and 167: Mammalsdensity in excess of 0.05/km
Page 168 and 169: MammalsGoals Goal 1: Development of
Page 170 and 171: Mammalst 43 =2.85, P
Page 172 and 173: Mammalsor put themselves at risk re
Page 174 and 175: MammalsEstablishing new populations
Page 176 and 177: MammalsSeveral studies have resulte
Page 178 and 179: Mammals Conventional single-species
Page 180 and 181: MammalsPark and JaldaparaWildlife S
Page 182 and 183: MammalsMajor lessons learned Good u
Page 184 and 185: MammalsGoals Goal 1: Establish andm
Page 186 and 187: MammalsThe rapid herd growth at Tom
Page 188 and 189: MammalsSuccess of projectHighly Suc
Page 190 and 191: Mammalsspecies in over twentyyears.
Page 192 and 193: Mammalsgazelles (1 male:4females) w
Page 194 and 195: MammalsOstrowski, S. & Williams, J.
Page 196 and 197: Mammals Goal 4: To provide social a
Page 198 and 199: MammalsHowever, the LOW elk populat
Page 200 and 201: MammalsReferencesBellhouse, T. & Br
Page 202 and 203: MammalsSuccess Indicators Indicator
Page 204 and 205: MammalsMajor lessons learned The ro
Page 206 and 207: Mammals Goal 4: An increase ofa num
Page 208 and 209: Mammals Uncontrolled losses of anim
Page 212 and 213: MammalsRelease of wood bison from t
Page 214 and 215: Mammalsrecreational fee hunt thatge
Page 216 and 217: MammalsJust prior to delisting TESF
Page 218 and 219: MammalsRominger, E. M., H. A. Whitl
Page 220 and 221: MammalsEnvironment Protectionand Bi
Page 222 and 223: Mammalscamera traps have beendeploy
Page 224 and 225: Mammalsdirections. This reorganizat
Page 226 and 227: Mammalsstatus of existing imperiled
Page 228 and 229: MammalsMajor difficultiesfaced Esta
Page 230 and 231: MammalsThe release of northeast Bor
Page 232 and 233: Mammalsconsidering the proximity of
Page 234 and 235: MammalsMajor difficulties faced Mai
Page 236 and 237: Mammalsthis goal. However, the conf
Page 238 and 239: Mammalsrehabilitated chimpanzees an
Page 240 and 241: Mammals2010). All fully adult sized
Page 242 and 243: Mammalsopen and topographically uni
Page 244 and 245: MammalsPreliminary observations fro
Page 246 and 247: Mammalsspecial emphasis on the wool
Page 248 and 249: Mammalslong season of relative scar
Page 250 and 251: MammalsRe-introduction of bobcats t
Page 252 and 253: Mammalsfacility on the mainland for
Page 254 and 255: Mammals The use of locally adapted,
Page 256 and 257: PlantsRe-introduction of Manglietia
Page 258 and 259: PlantsImplementation:From 2008 to 2
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PlantsSuccess of projectHighly Succ
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Plantscoastal belt resulting inthe
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Plantsstep to execute theprojects.
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Plants Plantation maintenance funds
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Plantsenvironment at a Sand Hillsit
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Plantsplantation site. Eastern port
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PlantsFirst steps for the conservat
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Plantstesting the germplasm quality
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Plantsplanted sites show good survi
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PlantsConservation introduction of
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Plantsnatural population.Ongoing mo
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PlantsExperimental translocation of
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Plantscovering a proportion ofemerg
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Plants The highly effective 2 m hig
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Plantsmost outlier for thespecies,
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Plantssnails, slugs or caterpillars
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PlantsConservation introduction of
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Plantsdistribution of Bakersfield c
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PlantsReferencesCypher, B. L., B. D
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