Fremantle Port Inner Harbour and Channel ... - Fremantle Ports

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frames must be >25 frames apart. The computer then overlaid ten random categorisationdots within the randomly selected frame. Each dot was categorised for cover as per thecategories in Table 2.2. As transects were located randomly within sites, 50 frames (n=50)recorded per site was considered suitable replication.Table 2.2 Substrate categories used for estimates of seagrass percentage coverSubstrateSandRockWrackOtherBiotaAlgaeSeagrass - Posidonia angustifoliaSeagrass - Posidonia coriaceaSeagrass - AmphibolisOther seagrassFauna2.3 Sediment parametersParameters which were hypothesised to have the potential to affect seagrass recovery withinthe Offshore Disposal Area were the sediment physio-chemical characteristics:particle size distribution (PSD);pore-water nutrients;whole sediment nutrients; andredistribution of sediments (erosion or deposition).2.3.1 Sediment collectionFive sets (n=5) (2 cores each set) of random sediment cores were collected at each site.Two cores were collected side by side at each site to ensure adequate material for pore-waterand whole sediment collection. Sediments were collected in 0.1 m diameter, 0.2 m longpolycarbonate cores. Cores were inserted to their full length to ensure no overlying waterabove the sediment column was captured. A rubber bung was inserted in the top and thecore was extracted upward. Just prior to the core being extracted completely, a bung wasinserted in the bottom of the core just below the sediment surface. Cores were returned tothe vessel upright and care was taken to ensure pore-water samples did not drain from thesediment column. Sediment samples were taken from the top 0.05 m of the cores. Porewatersediment samples were retained in 50 ml centrifuge tubes, kept cool in an ice box, andsent to Marine and Freshwater Research Laboratory (MAFRL) as soon as possible for analysis.Remaining sediment was collected for both total nutrients and metals in 70 ml plastic jars,and PSD in plastic Ziplock bags, and kept frozen until analysed. Samples for PSD were sentto Microanalysis Australia within one week of collection.2.3.2 Sediment physicochemical characteristicsSediment characteristics measured during the Phase I survey included:sediment particle size distribution (>2000, 1000, 500, 250, 106, 53 and < 53 μm);pore-water nutrient concentrations (NH 3 , PO 4 and [NO 3 +NO 2 ]); andwhole sediment total nutrient and metal concentrations: total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN); total phosphorous (TP); total organic carbon (TOC); total carbon (TC); and total extractable aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium(Mg), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), sulfur (S), and selenium (Se).Limits of reporting for pore-water and whole sediment nutrient and metals analysis are listedin Table 2.3 along with ISQG-low and ISQG-high values for reference.14 Oceanica: Fremantle Ports: FP – Gage Roads Offshore Disposal Area Seagrass Recovery Project, Phase I – Initial Survey
Table 2.3Limits of Reporting (LOR) and Interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG) fornutrients and metalsMetal ISQG - low ISQG - high MAFRL LORPorewater nutrients (μg L -1 )Ammonia (NH 3 ) * * 30Ortho-P (PO 4 ) * * 20Nitrate + Nitrite(NO 3 +NO 2 )* * 20Whole sediment nutrients (mg g -1 unless otherwise stated)TKN * * 0.04Total P * * 0.02TOC (%) * * 0.2TC (%) * * 0.2Whole sediment metals (mg kg -1 )Aluminium * * 20Cadmium 1.5 10 0.1Copper 65 270 0.2Iron * * 5Magnesium * * 2Molybdenum * * 0.5Lead 50 220 1Sulfur * * 10Selenium * * 2Note:1. * no sediment guidelineParticle size distributionsParticle size distributions (>2000, 1000, 500, 250, 106, 53 and < 53 μm) were measuredusing wet sieving techniques by Microanalysis Australia.Pore-water nutrientPore-water analyses were undertaken by MAFRL which consisted of pore-water extractionthrough filtration and centrifugation. If a low volume of pore-water was retrieved, sampleswere diluted to ensure an adequate aliquot for analysis. Pore-water was analysed forammonia (NH 3 ) (MAFRL Method 2000), nitrate+nitrite (NO 3 +NO 2 ) (MAFRL Method 2100), andphosphate (PO 3 4 ) (MAFRL Method 4100) using a Lachat Automated Flow Injection Analyser(Lachat Instruments, 6645 West Mill Road, Millwaaukee, WI 53218, USA). Results of porewaternutrient concentrations were corrected for dilutions, where necessary.Whole SedimentsNutrientsConcentrations of total nutrients (TKN, TP, TOC and TC) were determined from wholesediment samples by MAFRL. Samples for TKN (MAFRL Method 2600) and TP (MAFRL Method4500) were digested together and analysed with a Lachat Automated Flow Injection Analyserwith a digest as per Technicon Autoanalyser II Industrial Method No. 329-74 W/B (1977).Total organic carbon (MAFRL Method 6200) was determined using the Manual Combustion-NDIR Method as per Shimadzu Corporation Solid Sample Module SSM-5000A InstructionManual (Environmental Analysis Instruments Plant, Environmental Instrumentation Division:Tokyo, Japan).MetalsWhole sediment analysis (MAFRL Method: ICP 002)was conducted by MAFRL for totalextractable metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mo, Pb, S, and Se) which were pre-treated by an aquaregia digestion (AS4479.1-1997 and AS4479.2-1997) to extract total metals from thesediment. Analysis of metals from the extract solution was undertaken using inductivelycoupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; Varian (Vista AX) ICP-AES CCDSimultaneous Standards Australia).Oceanica: Fremantle Ports: FP – Gage Roads Offshore Disposal Area Seagrass Recovery Project, Phase I – Initial Survey 15
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Fremantle Port Inner Harbour and Ch
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Client: Fremantle PortsDocument his
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ContentsExecutive Summary .........
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Executive SummaryProject StatusFrem
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1. Introduction1.1 Background and p
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Figure 1.1Dredge areas, reclaimed a
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Table 2.2 Audit tableAuditCode801:M
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AuditCodeSubject Action How Evidenc
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3. Annual Survey Footprint of Offsh
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Figure 3.2 Differences in bathymetr
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A one in five year storm event (as
Page 26 and 27: 5. SummaryThere were zero non-compl
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Page 33 and 34: STATUS OF THIS DOCUMENTThis documen
Page 35 and 36: Report shall be 15 months from the
Page 37 and 38: 6-3 If the Water Quality Monitoring
Page 39: Table 2: Summary of key proposal ch
Page 47: Fremantle Ports1 Cliff StreetFREMAN
Page 51: Fremantle Ports - Gage RoadsOffshor
Page 55: Client: Fremantle PortsRevisions hi
Page 58 and 59: Figure 1.1Figure 1.2Figure 1.3Figur
Page 61 and 62: Executive SummaryOceanica Consultin
Page 63 and 64: 1. Introduction1.1 BackgroundThe Ga
Page 65 and 66: Figure 1.2Gage Roads habitat map in
Page 67 and 68: Figure 1.3Bathymetry for Gage Roads
Page 69 and 70: Figure 1.4 Benthic habitat within G
Page 71 and 72: 2. Methods2.1 Benthic habitat surve
Page 73 and 74: 2.2 Seagrass recovery2.2.1 Permanen
Page 75: Table 2.1Seagrass sites, zone desig
Page 79 and 80: Sediment nutrients and metalsNutrie
Page 81 and 82: 3. Results3.1 Benthic habitat mapA
Page 83 and 84: Figure 3.2 Benthic habitat post dis
Page 85 and 86: 3.2 Seagrass recovery3.2.1 Seagrass
Page 87 and 88: Table 3.4PERMANOVA table of results
Page 89 and 90: Table 3.7Data ranges and detection
Page 91 and 92: The bathymetry data for December 20
Page 93 and 94: Bathymetry data from December 2011
Page 95 and 96: 4. DiscussionWithin the Offshore Di
Page 97 and 98: 6. AcknowledgementsThis report was
Page 99: Appendix AGeo Oceans Report
Page 102 and 103: Benthic Habitat AssessmentTowed Vid
Page 104 and 105: 1. IntroductionGeo Oceans was commi
Page 106 and 107: Table 2 Tide predictions for the Po
Page 108 and 109: Figure 1 Substrate and biota habita
Page 110 and 111: Figure 2 Depth data collected durin
Page 112 and 113: Appendix 1: Video analysis biologic
Page 115: Appendix BGeoImage Report
Page 118 and 119: Table of ContentsIntroduction......
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Page 122 and 123: Project 1Project 1 aimed to generat
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Limitations and assumptionsA number
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Appendix CSeagrass Monitoring Site
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Appendix ESeagrass Shoot Count Data
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Appendix GSediment Field Log
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Appendix INutrient and Metals Data
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MarineandFreshwaterResearchLaborato
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