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Upgrading of N1 Highway Between Tetteh Quarshie Interchange and Mallam Road Junction, Accra, Ghana.Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), Lot 2walls. All this will ruin the ambience and have a negative impact on business operations.Past experience of construction on other road corridors has shown that business inthose areas take a dip during construction because customers reduce in number asfewer people choose to use the route.Construction of drains and laying of utility lines may create large trenches in front ofbusiness premises. These would deny them vehicular access to the premises. Withoutvehicular access customers may reduce in number because old, very young and disabledmay not be able to access the premises and delivery of supplies will be difficult.5.2.9 Impact on IncomesWhen customers reduce in number it will result in loss of income. Increased cleaningcosts will also aggravate the loss of income. On some days high levels of noise will makeit difficult for businesses premises abutting the road to operate and that will result intheir closing down for the day. Even though workers may remain in the offices,productivity will be low and result in lost income too.5.2.10 Loss of Access to Homes and BusinessesTrenches created during construction of drains, laying of pipes and other activities mayresult in loss of vehicular access to homes and businesses abutting the road.5.2.11 Impact on AestheticsConstruction causes visual intrusions that may be unpleasant. Stockpiling of materialcan obstruct vision, hide the frontage of businesses and ruin the aesthetics of the roadcorridor. Lawns and pavements created to beautify the frontage of properties may bedestroyed during construction or laying of utility pipes.5.2.12 Impact on Traffic MovementWithout the pavement and road furniture, movement of traffic along the route will bedifficult, riding comfort will be poor and speeds will be low so traffic will tend to crawland this will increase travel time. It will take longer to cross the corridor than it didbefore construction commenced.5.2.13 Loss of Enjoyment of PropertiesThe new road alignment will be wider than the present road. Some properties will eitherhave to relocate, or move out of the Right-of-way. Some structures will lose sections oftheir frontage including lawns and driveways. This RAP indicates that about 2,092properties will be affected to varying degrees.39
Upgrading of N1 Highway Between Tetteh Quarshie Interchange and Mallam Road Junction, Accra, Ghana.Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), Lot 25.3 OPERATIONAL PHASE IMPACTS5.3.1 Road SafetyWhen roads are upgraded the road surface and travel comfort improves and speeds alsoincrease. Even though there will be facilities for improving pedestrian safety, highspeeds mean that the ability of drivers to stop suddenly will be reduced so many moreaccidents that could have been avoided will occur. Even though some accidents mayreduce significantly, other forms of accidents that were not common may increase. Forinstance, there will be an increase in multiple-car accidents and front to rear collisionsbecause vehicles will be traveling in the same direction on each carriageway.5.3.2 Impact on Land UsePresently, the land abutting the road is used for commercial, hospitality, used cargarages, residences, providing services, large Corporations, artisanship and small tradingactivities. Most of the small businesses are located on the corridor because traffic isslow and makes them highly visible to all who pass by. When the road is upgraded andtraffic speeds pick up, those businesses may not be that visible so those kinds ofbusinesses will move away. Value of properties tends to increase when the road servingthe area improves; this will make property owners who have not developed theirproperties do so. Some property owners will also up-scale their property to attracthigher rent and prices.5.4 MITIGATION MEASURES5.4.1 Minimization of Resettlement through Project DesignAmong mitigation actions taken to minimize the negative impacts that may result fromthe upgrading of the N1 were efforts to reduce the resettlement impact in the corridor.After a preliminary design had been completed by the Design Engineers of ICT/BANSJoint Venture, it became obvious that the resettlement impact of the 90 meter Right ofWay (ROW) could dislocate the budget of the project and would also have a significantlyhigh impact on businesses and properties in the corridor. It was therefore decided byMiDA in consultation with ‘The Acquisition of ROW Committee’ (a committee made upof MiDA and Government stakeholders) that a transect walk should be taken along thecorridor to enable a decision be made on how to reduce or minimize impact on majorproperties.A Team made up of key MiDA staff, the design and RAP consultants and the “Right ofWay Committee” undertook a three-day transect walk through the entire corridor onJune 19, 20 and 27, 2008. During this walk, major properties that could be saved if the40
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