ZOOTAXA

ZOOTAXA 1868 Gemminger & Harold: 717 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus651880 Horn: 314 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1890 Flach: 106 (descriptions in German) >> as valid species1920 Leng: 86 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1926a Portevin: 252 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog in French) >> as syn. of N.americanus1928 Hatch: 132 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1944 Arnett: 5 (morphology: female genitalia) >> as syn. of N. americanus1985 Anderson & Peck: 54 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog) >> as syn. of N.americanus1993 Peck & Miller: 7 (species-group catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1996 Ratcliffe: 60 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus= orientalis (Herbst,1784) NEW NOMEN OBLITUM (article 23.9.2 ICZN ed. 4);NEW COMBINATION as Nicrophorus orientalis (Herbst); NEW SYNONYM of N.americanus Oliv.Type locality: unknownType depository: ZMHB: Berlin?1784 Herbst: 77 (descriptions in German) >> Orig. comb.: Silpha (Nicrophorus) orientalis[!M]= virginicus Frölich, 1792Type locality: "Virginien" [USA: Virginia; descrip.]Type depository: ZSMC: München?1792 Frölich: 123 (descriptions in German) >> Orig. comb.: Nicrophorus virginicus[!N, S]1853 Melsheimer: 39 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1868 Gemminger & Harold: 717 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1880 Horn: 314 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1920 Leng: 86 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1926a Portevin: 252 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog in French) >> as syn. of N.americanus1928 Hatch: 132 (catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1944 Arnett: 5 (morphology: female genitalia) >> as syn. of N. americanus1985 Anderson & Peck: 54 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog) >> as syn. of N.americanus1993 Peck & Miller: 7 (species-group catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanus1996 Ratcliffe: 60 (revision: key, descriptions & catalog) >> as syn. of N. americanusComments: Article 23.9 of the ICZN ed. 4 provides means by which stability can be maintainedwhen a commonly used but younger name is threatened by synonymy with a forgottenolder name. In this case the name Nicrophorus orientalis Herbst, 1784 threatensstability by being older than its presumed synonym Nicrophorus americanus Olivier, 1790(synonymy based on interpretation of the original description). The older name has notbeen used in any publication found other than the original description, thereby satisfying26 © 2002 Magnolia PressSIKES ET AL.